非线性移动通信系统的PSK控制盲信道调制算法

非线性移动通信系统的准确调制可以提高信道盲均衡性能,改善通信质量。传统的信道调制算法采用非线性滚动预测方法,对非线性移动通信系统的谐波平衡效果不好。提出一种基于PSK控制盲分离技术的非线性移动通信系统的信道调制算法。构建非线性移动通信系统的信道模型,设计键控移相PSK控制盲分离算法,计算PSK控制盲调制解析信号的包络和相位,消除多径干扰,实现信道均衡。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行信道调制,信道模型多径时延差小于一个码元宽度的情况下,移动通信信号的信道均衡起伏较为平稳,有效降低了通信系统的误码率,提高通信质量。     

基于自适应相位检波的无线网络信道优化设计

根据无线传感网络中簇头点生成过程中的多径能量特性,提出一种基于自适应均衡抵消的相位检波能量检测算法。建立无线传感器网络信号与信道系统模型,设计无线传感器网络信道自适应均衡算法,采用横行型自适应FIR滤波器进行自适应降噪滤波处理。使用相位检波方法对UWB无线传感器网络通信信道进行能量检测和优化设计。实验结果表明通过自适应相位检波能量检测方法,能最大程度上削弱无线传感网络信道慢衰落影响,降低网络功耗,提高能量检测性能和信道传输效率,实现了无线传感器网络信道优化设计。     

非均匀分布多跳网络通信节点介质访问控制

在非均匀分布多跳网络中,需要对通信节点进行介质访问控制设计,提高网络通信节点的吞吐性和安全性。传统方法采用多路复用器输出端口信号检测方法进行非均匀分布多跳网络通信节点的介质访问控制,产生强烈的信道畸变,节点的通信控制性能不好。提出一种基于协同调度的混合协议激振算法的非均匀分布多跳网络通信节点介质访问控制方法。将非均匀分布多跳网络通信节点分簇模型的服务器网络接收端和发送端数据的信息熵作为信道传递向量函数,构建协同调度混合协议服务器模型,求得非均匀分布多跳网络时延扩展与信道特性测量均衡后的频谱,可以有效提高信息传输的保真度。仿真结果表明,采用该算法可以有效提高对多跳网络的通信节点介质访问控制性能,提高了通信节点的吞吐性能,降低重复传输次数,保证非均匀分布多跳网络通信的安全性和保真性。     

基于多径分量重组的扩频通信信道均衡设计

扩频通信中,由于扩频码序列所占的带宽度远大于所传信息的最小带宽,引起码间干扰和信道失衡,通过对扩频通信的信道均衡设计,降低扩频通信的误码率。传统方法采用子信道载波干扰抑制的扩频通信信道均衡算法,通过扩频码控制子信道载波线性调频变化,实现码间干扰抑制,但该算法会引起时分复用系统之间的相位畸变,信道均衡效果不好。提出一种基于多径分量重组的扩频通信信道均衡算法。先构建了扩频通信的信道模型,分析了扩频通信信道的时变特性,采用多径分量重组实现码间干扰抑制,结合多阵元被动时间反转镜技术实现扩频通信的信道均衡。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行扩频通信信道均衡和码间干扰抑制,降低通信误码率,改善通信质量,提高了扩频通信系统的稳定性和可靠性。     

基于射线模型的超宽带栅状路由冲突重整算法

在使用无线网格网技术建设的网络中,其拓扑结构呈格栅状,通过路由协议快速形成超宽带网络,超宽带格栅状网络路由因为协议局限导致路由冲突,需要进行路由冲突在线重整,保证网络通信协议的安全稳定。传统的重整算法采用调制码元帧格式扫频方法实现路由信道均衡,优化任务调度,当网络信道的扩展损失呈突变衰减时,路由冲突重整效果不好。提出一种基于射线模型的超宽带栅状路由冲突重整算法,使用线性异域网络编码方式构建格栅状网络环式路由模型,采用射线模型构建邻居节点网络路由统计学模型,分析路由冲突信号的超宽带特征。计算超宽带格栅状路由协议的链路跨层信息,得到网络通信信道系统函数,根据多目标优化理论,把路由冲突协议叠加到射线模型的波动方程,实现基于射线模型的路由冲突优化重整。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高路由负载的均衡度,展示了算法优越的性能。     

基于分布传感的容迟自组织网络动态融合算法

通过对自组织网络动态融合,提高复杂应用环境下的无线传感网络的稳定性和通信能力。传统方法中对自组织网络动态融合采用时延-多普勒域动态重组的融合机制,导致相邻节点功率均衡偏差,融合性能不好。提出一种基于分布传感的容迟自组织网络动态融合算法。构建无线传感自组织网络的网络模型,设计短距离通信的主从式无线传输信道自适应跟踪技术和冲激响应特性分析模型,使用分段副本相关检测器对分布频段内频谱进行分段滤波和检测,进行无线传输信道自适应均衡设计,通过相关处理后,可消除这种多径干扰的影响,得到分布传感的容迟自组织网络动态融合结果,实验得出,该算法的融合精度较高,信号保真度较好,优于传统算法,展示了较好的应用价值。     

异质网间通信信道单谱脉冲响应频率估计

提出一种基于Hough变换的单谱特征分析的异质网通信信道脉冲响应频率估计算法。采用正交频率复用OFDM训练起始帧,加入多径分量的相位偏移进行相位偏转修正,构建了信道模型与脉冲响应信号模型。频率估计中采用Hough变换把信号空间中的直线的检测问题转换为参数空间中对点的检测问题,计算多普勒单谱脉冲响应信号的约束经验模态值,实现Hough变换单谱脉冲信号检测和脉冲响应频率估计算法改进。仿真实验表明,该算法能准确估计出异质网间通信脉冲响应信号的频率值,精度较传统方法高,在最小的迭代步数下实现算法收敛,误码率为0,性能较优。     

基于PTRM与DS技术通信均衡性能研究

传统的声通信信道中由于伴随着多径扩展,从而使得对通信信号的接收产生了严重的时间展开,以至于信道中出现码间干扰。提出基于被动时间反转镜PTRM和直扩DS系统的信道均衡处理和通信系统构建方法。通过PTRM技术实现对信道的有效估计,调整通信信息传输中接收阵元的多径分量,探测信号对水声信道进行估计,结合DS系统具有较强的抗多径干扰的能力,构建了PTRM直扩通信系统。仿真结果表明:PTRM与DS结合使用的均衡效果,比单纯使用DS或PTRM要好,DS可以有效地消除PTRM处理后残余的码间干扰,使均衡效果近似理想水平,误码率在同等条件下比单纯使用DS技术或PTRM技术通信误码率降低了11%~40%,误码率可达为0。     

车联网总线通信控制的信道无偏均衡设计

提出一种基于高阶谱包络调制的车联网总线通信控制的信道无偏均衡算法。首先构建车联网网络通信系统模型。根据IEC61375协议,车联网TCN网络功能被划分为7层,进行多处理器集群处理。基于MVB总线控制器进行软硬件设计,车联网的MVB上位机协同工作机制总体设计,进行车联网通信模型的分簇设计,通过高阶谱包络调制动态的跟踪信号功率的变化,得到高阶谱包络调制下的信道无偏均衡模型,实现了车联网总线通信控制的无偏均衡设计。仿真得出,采用本文算法,能实现车联网的信道无偏均衡,剩余均方误差有了明显的下降,提高了收敛速度,整体均衡效果最佳,在车联网通信和控制等领域具有较好的应用价值。     

大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统信道配准技术

在大赫兹频段下,混合MIMO移动无线通信系统受到强干扰,导致通信系统信道难以配准。传统方法采用自干扰盲辨识刚发实现对大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统信道配准,信道均衡性能不好。提出一种基于自适应滤波功率谱估计的大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统信道配准算法,首先构建大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统,采用传播损失的概念来描述信号的通信传输过程中的能量损失,各阵元中的多径信号实现了同时刻同相位叠加,将多径波的强度、传播时间以及发射信号带宽等的进行耦合,得到功率方法电路系统的耦合约束条件,实现了多径信号的时间压缩又获得了聚焦增益,通过滤波器进行干扰抑制,得到的空间谱瞬时值,通过傅里叶变换求得功率谱密度函数,实现信道配准。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较好的信道配准和均衡性能,提高了功率谱空间增益,改善大赫兹频段下的无线通信质量。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.