档案袋评价法:提高高职英文教学质量的有效方法

本文介绍了档案袋评价法(portfolio assessment)在高职英语教学中的应用过程、特点及效果.     

A Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Portfolio Problems

This paper concerns with modeling and design of an algorithm for the portfolio selection problems with fixed transaction costs and minimum transaction lots. A mean-variance model for the portfolio selection problem is proposed, and the model is formulated as a non-smooth and nonlinear integer programming problem with multiple objective functions. As it has been proven that finding a feasible solution to the problem only is already NP-hard, based on NSGA-II and genetic algorithm for numerical optimization of constrained problems (Genocop), a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is designed to solve the model. Its features comprise integer encoding and corresponding operators, and special treatment of constraints conditions. It is illustrated via a numerical example that the genetic algorithm can efficiently solve portfolio selection models proposed in this paper.This approach offers promise for the portfolio problems in practice.     

A New Approach for Assessment

Assessment reform is an indispensable component of school curriculum reform. The "English course guideline for primary and secondary school students" (2001) (Hereafter guidelines) advocates that assessment should stress on students, which means teachers, parents should pay more attention to students’ differentiae and their processes of study, but not only on the results they have got in the tests. As a result, portfolio, which has some advantages that accord the requirement of the new syllabus, is introduced as a new way of assessment, for it can help change the assessment system from quantity-oriented to quality-oriented. But unfortunately, portfolio assessment came across many difficulties in real practice. It needs some suggestions on portfolio application.     

The Use of Portfolio Assessment in College English Teaching

Faced with the problem of how to evaluate students’ learning properly,many teachers begin to search for alternative assessments.Interest is growing in meaningful assessment and the use of portfolio assessment has become a good choice to improve both teaching and learning.In the article,the major principles and the approaches of portfolio assessment are explained.By analysing the benefits and limitations of portfolio assessment,the article concludes that despite the issues,portfolio assessment can contribute to the enhancement of students’ learning and the improvement of teaching.     

A dynamic decision model for portfolio investment and assets management

This paper addresses a dynamic portfolio investment problem. It discusses how we can dynamically choose candidate assets, achieve the possible maximum revenue and reduce the risk to the minimum level. The paper generalizes Markowitz＇s portfolio selection theory and Sharpe＇s rule for investment decision. An analytical solution is presented to show how an institutional or individual investor can combine Markowitz＇s portfolio selection theory, generalized Sharpe＇s rule and Value-at-Risk （VaR） to find candidate assets and optimal level of position sizes for investment （dis-investment）. The result shows that the generalized Markowitz＇s portfolio selection theory and generalized Sharpe＇s rule improve decision making for investment.     

离散多因素投资组合最优化模型的分枝定界算法

In this paper, a new branch-and-bound algorithm based on the Lagrangian dual relaxation and continuous relaxation is proposed for discrete multi-factor portfolio selection model with roundlot restriction in financial optimization. This discrete portfolio model is of integer quadratic programming problems. The separable structure of the model is investigated by using Lagrangian relaxation and dual search. Computational results show that the algorithm is capable of solving real-world portfolio problems with data from US stock market and randomly generated test problems with up to 120 securities.     

Portfolio Selection Model with Derivative Securities

Traditional portfolio theory assumes that the return rate of portfolio follows normality ,However,this assumption is not true when derivative assets are incorporated,In this paper a portfolio selection model is devel-oped based on utility function which can captue asymmetries in random variable distributions.Other realistic conditions are also considered ,such as liabilities and integer decision variables,Since the resulting model is a complex mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem ,simulated annealing algorithm is applied for its solution.A numerical example is given and sensitivity analysis is conducted for the model.     

Calculation of Expected Shortfall for Measuring Risk and Its Applications

Expected shortfall(ES) is a new method to measure market risk. In this paper, an example was presented to illustrate that the ES is coherent but value-at-risk(VaR) is not coherent. Three formulas for calculating the ES based on historical simulation method, normal method and GARCH method were derived. Further, a numerical experiment on optimizing portfolio using ES was provided.     

“学习历程档案”英语教学新亮点

学习历程档案(learning portfolio)是记录学习历程的一种形式。本文在介绍该方法的同时,重点论述了该方法在激励学生学习、为教师提供评价学生学习成果的新方法、为教学提供信息等方面对英语学习及教学的促进作用。     

差异性教学与发展性学生评价

“档案袋”的英文解释是portfolio,有文件夹、公事包或代表作选辑等多重含义。我国《全日制义务教育普通高级中学英语课程标准》(实验稿)中是这样解释的:“学习档案是展示每一个学生在学习过程中所作的努力、取得的进步以及反映学习成果的一个集合体。通常它以一个文件夹的形式     

档案袋评价法：提高高职英语教学质量的有效方法

本文介绍了档案袋评价法（portfolio assessment）在高职英语教学中的应用过程、特点及效果。     

英语教学评价在英语课堂之运用

21世纪的全国中等职业学校的学生文化基础薄弱,缺乏课堂兴趣,应试能力差。新课程理念倡导英语教师关注学生在整个英语学习过程中所表现出来的兴趣,情感和人格等方面的成长过程。因此,多样化的英语教学评价方法对学生显得更为重要。英语教学评价方法可以归纳为四种:课堂观察评价法(classroom observation)、面谈评价法(interview)、调查问卷评法(questionnaire)、学习档案袋评价法(portfolio)。本论文将以笔者英语课堂为例,举例说明这四种英语教学评价在课堂中的运用。     

让每个学生都得到发展--英语多元教学评价在课堂中的运用

新课程标准所体现的教学评价基本原则是：它应该能促进学生素质的全面发展，促进教师不断提高教育教学水平。促进英语课程的发展和创新，英语课程评价体系要体现评价主体、对象和体式的多样化；评价目标的多层化和多元化。内容过程和结果的综合性和统一性学习成果(learning outcomes)所强调的是学生在真实情境下运用所学知识的能力，因此，新的评价取向强调真实评价(authentic assessment)，实作评价(performance assessmerit)和学习过程档案评价(portfolio assessment)。     

英国职业技术教育学习档案解析

学习档案(portfolio)是英国职业资格证书教育中广泛采用的评价模式和质量保证手段。它明确了师生各自在教学过程中的职责,以学习模块中各项要素规定的应知应会为依据,从评价学生对应知和应会的掌握情况入手,实现对学习过程的评价管理,从而保证最终颁发的职业资格证书的质量。这种思维方式和举措正是这种评价手段的长处和优势,值得学习和借鉴。     

Application of Portfolio Assessment in College English Writing

Portfolio assessment is considered as one of the most beneficial assessments in English teaching.However this effective assessment is neglected in college EFL writing.This paper aims to find out whether portfolio assessment can be used in English writing class effectively and describe the implement of this assessment.     

电子作品集:我国学校教学改革中应用现代教育技术的新发展

一、学校教学活动中电子作品集的出现 　　在课堂教学活动中，学生和教师将他们创新思维和问题解决的结果运用现代信息技术提供的文化环境表达出来，如用 Word制作成电子作业、 Powerpoint演示文稿、 Frontpage和 Dreamweaver制作的网页、 Authorware制作的多媒体报告、 Flash制作的动画、 VB设计的小软件等，这些数字化的作品被称为“电子作品 (e－ works)”。在某一学习阶段或基于任务的学习活动中，学习者在学习过程中的若干学习成果和作品的汇集被称为“作品集 (portfolio)”，其中在计算机和网络上存贮、传输、演示、应用的数字化…     

利用档案袋进行新课程评价的体会

档案袋评价(portfolio assessment)是指通过对档案袋的制作过程和最终结果的分析而对学生进行的发展状况的评价。这种评价方式以杜威的“以学生为中心、教学民主化”的教育思想为理论根据，20世纪80年代始于美国，在国外已有十几年教育实践的历史。在本次新课程改革实验中，利用档案袋进行评价作为一种充分体现发展性评价理念的新方法而被大力倡导，笔者结合教学实践试从以下3个方面谈谈利用档案袋进行新课程评价的体会，以期抛砖引玉。     

论教师成长档案袋发展的时代意蕴

“档案袋”这个概念，其实是一个舶来品，是对英语里对应单词“portfolio”的意译。从构词法来看，意思就是“带着走的作品集”。最初主要是指那些画家、摄影师把自己最满意的作品收集在一起，带去给自己的委托人看，准备争取展出或出版。     

档案袋评定操作例谈

随着新的课程标准的出台，相应的一套新的评价标准与操作方式也随之出台。新课程评价标准有一个重要形式，那就是档案袋评定。档案袋，其英文单词portfolio，有“代表作选辑”的意思。最初使用这种形式的是画家及后来的摄影家，他们把自己有代表性的作品汇集起来，向预期的委托     

档案袋评价法：提高高职英语教学质量的有效策略

该文介绍了档案袋评价法（portfolio assessment）,并着重介绍了作者最近所开展的高职英语教学中档案袋评价法的一次应用过程。通过该教学案例,可以比较清楚地了解档案袋评价法的应用过程、特点及效果。档案袋评价有利于帮助学生发现自己在学习中的不足和进步,改变不良学习习惯,树立学习自信心,培养学习责任心。