边坡格构的加固设计与施工探讨

格构的主要作用是将边坡坡体的剩余下滑力或土压力、岩石压力分配给格构结点处的锚杆或锚索,然后通过锚索传递给稳定地层,从而使边坡坡体在由锚杆或锚索提供的锚固力的作用下处于稳定状态.笔者就边坡格构的加固设计与施工进行了详细的阐述,以期与读者共勉.     

格构预应力锚杆在山区公路边坡滑坡治理中的应用

在对某山区公路边坡滑坡体的工程地质特征、成因及稳定性进行深入分析的基础上,提出采用格构预应力锚杆进行滑坡治理的方案,并对预应力锚杆的设计进行探讨。结果表明,利用格构预应力锚杆治理方案加固后的滑坡体的安全系数为1．59,符合规范要求,验证了方案的合理性。     

土钉支护边坡土工安全系数有限元分析法计算

采用弹塑性有限元方法对一土钉支护边坡工程实例进行详细分析 ,给出边坡侧向变形、土钉应力随边坡开挖过程的变形 ,并且在各个开挖阶段中都进行土工安全系数计算     

锚杆支护情况下弹性模量对边坡稳定性的影响

为了研究弹性模量对边坡安全系数和滑动面的影响,建立均质土坡数值模型,在不同工况下（无锚和有锚）,分别改变弹性模量,分析它与安全系数和滑动面的关系．结果表明：（1）无锚时,Es对其安全系数的影响十分微小,并且各个滑动面的位置也基本重合．（2）有锚情况,当Es小于锚杆弹性模量Eb时,Es对边坡安全系数的影响较小．当3Es等于Eb和10Eb时,边坡的安全系数明显减小;继续增大Es,边坡安全系数逐渐减小,且幅度也不断减小．     

混凝土锚杆喷射防护技术在边坡防护中的作用

喷锚挂网支护是目前高陡边坡防护工程中采用较多的一种支护方式,它是喷射混凝土、锚杆、钢筋网联合支护的简称,是一种先进的支护加固技术．喷锚挂网支护是通过在岩土体内施工一定长度和分布的锚杆,与岩土体共同作用形成复合体,弥补土体强度不足并发挥锚拉作用,使岩土体自身结构强度潜力得到充分发挥,保证边坡的稳定．     

地下倾斜巷道锚杆支护技术研究

在众多煤矿的深埋巷道支护中,锚杆破断甚至支护体系失效等问题日渐突出.以淮北临涣矿为工程背景,综合考虑影响深部巷道围岩变形的各种因素,建立了临涣煤矿的深部巷道计算模型.采用大型有限元软件ANSYS,分析软岩影响下的巷道变形特点.分析了锚杆支护下的巷道围岩变形的控制,并结合巷道应力破坏特点,对临涣煤矿锚杆支护进行了支护优化设计.对各种锚杆支护工况进行了数值模拟仿真分析,得出锚杆支护效果不仅与围岩条件及巷道自身特点有关,而且与锚杆自身设计参数有关的结论.     

锚杆框架梁支护在雪道边坡防护中的应用

随着我国经济的快速发展,基础设施发展迅速,建设过程中新的施工技术层出不穷,其中对于工程岩体分化严重、结构面较发育的高挖方边坡,通常采用锚杆框架梁结构支护。然而,对于高山滑雪中心滑雪赛道两侧高陡边坡,除了要实现边坡稳定的同时还需考虑如何防止雪道污染的问题。本文结合北京2022年冬奥会高山滑雪中心第二标段的工程实践,详细阐述了兼具边坡支护和防止雪道污染的锚杆框架梁支护体系的设计原则、设计内容、施工工艺,并说明了施工中的一些细节或要点。实践证明该支护体系合理,不仅确保了边坡的安全稳定和防止了雪道污染,同时具有造价低、施工机动性强的特点,可以在类似的雪道施工中推广。     

基于原岩应力测量的软岩巷道支护优化设计研究

为了解决曹庄煤矿高应力软岩巷道支护困难的问题,进行了井下原岩应力实测,采用基于实测地应力的锚杆支护优化设计方法,优化了巷道支护设计参数。工程实践表明,该支护技术有效控制了高应力软岩巷道围岩变形,取得了良好的技术经济效益,提供了一种控制高应力软岩巷道围岩变形的有效方法,对类似条件下巷道支护设计具有一定借鉴意义。     

煤巷锚杆失效原因分析及其控制

随着锚杆支护在煤巷中的广泛应用,锚杆支护的失效问题已成为该项技术推广的制约因素,通过现场观测、分析总结,发现锚杆支护设计参数、锚杆材质、地质条件、施工方法与质量等因素是失效发生的主要原因,针对这些问题,提出了合理计算锚杆支护参数、采取有效的联合支护、加强锚杆材质检测及提高施工技术管理人员和操作人员的技能与水平的预防措施。     

煤矿井巷锚杆支护施工的认识与实践

结合自己多年的工作实践经验,阐述了锚杆支护的特点、锚杆支护原理、锚杆常用的种类及锚固方式、锚杆支护三径匹配、锚杆支护施工工艺、锚杆支护工作的注意事项及其质量要求,并介绍了施工中的一些认识和体会。     

基于点安全系数法的边坡稳定性评价

针对目前在边坡稳定分析中,常规的数值计算方法和极限平衡法都是利用边坡的整体安全系数来表征,不能反映边坡各部位稳定性的不同,进而无法将边坡稳定性与滑动机理联系起来。本文根据建立的Ansys有限元正分析模型先计算应力场,然后求解出模型各点处的安全系数值,再利用Ansys软件的后处理功能绘制出模型的安全系数等值线云图,最后对边坡的稳定性作出综合评价。     

基于云平台的智能健康监测系统在路基边坡中的应用

边坡传统检测方式面临着长期投入大、检测数据少且难以全面评估边坡安全状态等困扰。随着科技发展,借助智能传感设备以及信息技术,对所处环境恶劣、检测频率受限的边坡安全检测来说,带来了新的可能。通过在丹江口二级公路边坡进行在线安全监测系统的设计和实践,搭建了基于云平台的智能健康监测系统,实现了公路边坡的安全在线监测、实时预警、智能评分。     

边坡主要要素对其安全系数影响的研究

应用强度折减法对匀质边坡模型进行了安全系数方面的研究,采用不同判据得到边坡的安全系数。探讨了边坡不同要素对其安全系数的影响,并将计算结果与岩土专业设计软件理正计算的结果进行了对比分析。     

面向对象数据库对多媒体数据的支持

多媒体信息包含有大量不易描述的非格式化数据，难以用传统的数据库技术来处理。面向对象的数据库管理系统(OODBMS)具备构造和抽象多种数据类型的特殊能力，能够很好地支持多媒体数据。     

基于CAD软件系统的组合夹具装夹稳定性校验

提出了在计算机辅助夹具设计中自动校验夹紧稳定性的方法.当用CAD软件系统设计组合夹具时,通过对夹紧力和定位支承反作用力之间的平衡作出评估,即可判定系统的定位可靠性.     

Numerical Analysis of the Stability of Embankment Slope Reinforced with Piles

The effects of stabilizing piles on the stability of an embankment slope are analyzed by numerical simulation. The shear strength reduction method is used for the analysis, and the soil - pile interaction is simulated with zero-thickness elasto-plastic interface elements. Effects of pile spacing and pile position on the safety factor of slope and the behavior of piles under these conditions are given. The numerical analysis indicates that the positions of the pile have significant influence on the stability of the slope, and the pile needs to be installed in the middle of the slope for maximum safety factors. In the end, the soil arching effect closely associated with the space between stabilizing piles is analyzed. The results are helpful for design and construction of stabilizing piles.     

3D identification and stability analysis of key surface blocks of rock slope

Complicated geological structures make it difficult to analyze the stability of rock slopes, such as faults, weak intercalated layers or joint fissures. Based on 3D geological modeling and surface block identifying methods, an integrated methodology framework was proposed and realized to analyze the stability of surface blocks in rock slopes. The surface blocks cut by geological structures, fissures or free faces could be identified subjected to the four principles of closure, completeness, uniqueness and validity. The factor of safety(FOS)of single key block was calculated by the limit equilibrium method. If there were two or more connected blocks, they were defined as a block-group. The FOS of a block-group was computed by the Sarma method. The proposed approach was applied to an actual rock slope of a hydropower project, and some possible instable blocks were demonstrated and analyzed visually. The obtained results on the key blocks or block-groups provide essential information for determining potential instable region of rock slopes and designing effective support scheme in advance.     

Progressive failure analysis of slope with strain-softening behaviour based on strength reduction method

Based on the strength reduction method and strain-softening model,a method for progressive failure analysis of strain-softening slopes was presented in this paper.The mutation is more pronounced in strain-softening analysis,and the mutation of displacement at slope crest was taken as critical failure criterion.An engineering example was provided to demonstrate the validity of the present method.This method was applied to a cut slope in an industry site.The results are as follows:(1) The factor of safety and the critical slip surface obtained by the present method are between those by peak and residual strength.The analysis with peak strength would lead to non-conservative results,but that with residual strength tends to be overly conservative.(2) The thickness of the shear zone considering strain-softening behaviour is narrower than that with non-softening analysis.(3) The failure of slope is the process of the initiation,propagation and connection of potential failure surface.The strength parameters are mobilized to a non-uniform degree while progressive failure occurs in the slope.(4) The factor of safety increases with the increase of residual shear strain threshold and elastic modulus.The failure mode of slope changes from shallow slip to deep slip.Poisson’s ratio and dilation angle have little effect on the results.     

边坡稳定分析中的两类有限元方法比较研究

基于滑面上应力分析法和强度折减法是边坡稳定有限元分析方法中两类主要的方法.本文对这两种方法进行了探讨.在算例对比分析中,基于非关联流动法则,采用与经典摩尔-库仑准则相匹配的等效D-P准则,在平面应变条件下,对天然边坡的稳定性进行了对比研究工作,并同传统极限平衡方法进行比较.研究表明,两类有限元方法得到的安全系数大小以及相应滑动面形状和位置均一致.     

Effect of the amplification factor on seismic stability of expanded municipal solid waste landfills using the pseudo-dynamic method

The evaluation of the seismic stability of an expanded municipal solid waste （MSW） landfill is very important in seismic prone zones. In this paper, the pseudo-dynamic method was used to calculate the average safety factor for the expanded landfill with a trapezoidal berm based on under-berm failure conditions. Furthermore, the effects of the variation of parameters such as the amplification factor, seismic coefficient, height of berm, angle of back slope of berm, and depth of waste mass at the back slope on the seismic stability of the landfill were studied. The results indicated that the influences of the vertical seismic coefficient, height of berm, and angle of the back slope of the berm on the seismic stability of the landfill are weakened as the amplification factor increases, but the influence of the horizontal seismic coefficient on the seismic stability of the landfill is strengthened. On the other hand, a certain ratio of the height of the waste mass above the back slope to the depth of waste mass at the back slope, or the reasonable consideration of the magnitude of the amplification factor will be conducive to the seismic design of the landfill. In addition, the results obtained by the pseudo-static and pseudo-dynamic methods were compared.