Understanding Anhedonia

正With the development of brain chemistry,we now hear more often the word"anhedonia".What is anhedonia?Psychiatrists define anhedonia as the inability to experience pleasure,to enjoy life.This term appeared in the mid 20th century as one of the major characteristics of schizophrenia.In fact,anhedonia is a core clinical symptom for various mental disorders including schizophrenia,major     

公众理解科学与公众理解研究

兴起于二战后的公众理解科学(Public Understanding of Science/PUS)在现时代的突出涵义为:帮助公众理解科学知识以适应日新月异的现代生活,同时,促进公众与科学的沟通交流与平等对话,推动公众参与科学决策。公众理解研究(Public Understanding of Research/PUR)作为新路径的尝试,试图就当前处于进展中的科学研究进行传播,对于公众与科学在研究过程中的交流互动,实现公众参与科学的研究方向与相关政策决策,有着十分积极的作用意义。     

理解发明

人类生活在两个世界之中,一个是与其他生灵共享的自然界,另一个是人类缔造的文明世界。我们享受的一切文明成果,都是人类创造发明的产物。今天,世界的差别,主要是后者的差别。     

理解信息社会

一、信息及其价值根据牛津大词典的记载:infor-mation 一词在14世纪时被解释为传播的行为,在19-20世纪则被解释为传播的内容。在日语中,信息的对应     

Understanding Bland Altman analysis

In a contemporary clinical laboratory it is very common to have to assess the agreement between two quantitative methods of measurement. The correct statistical approach to assess this degree of agreement is not obvious. Correlation and regression studies are frequently proposed. However, correlation studies the relationship between one variable and another, not the differences, and it is not recommended as a method for assessing the comparability between methods.
In 1983 Altman and Bland (B&A) proposed an alternative analysis, based on the quantification of the agreement between two quantitative measurements by studying the mean difference and constructing limits of agreement.
The B&A plot analysis is a simple way to evaluate a bias between the mean differences, and to estimate an agreement interval, within which 95% of the differences of the second method, compared to the first one, fall. Data can be analyzed both as unit differences plot and as percentage differences plot.
The B&A plot method only defines the intervals of agreements, it does not say whether those limits are acceptable or not. Acceptable limits must be defined a priori, based on clinical necessity, biological considerations or other goals.
The aim of this article is to provide guidance on the use and interpretation of Bland Altman analysis in method comparison studies.Key words: Bland-Altman, agreement analysis, laboratory research, method comparison, correlation of data     

Understanding logistic regression analysis

Logistic regression is used to obtain odds ratio in the presence of more than one explanatory variable. The procedure is quite similar to multiple linear regression, with the exception that the response variable is binomial. The result is the impact of each variable on the odds ratio of the observed event of interest. The main advantage is to avoid confounding effects by analyzing the association of all variables together. In this article, we explain the logistic regression procedure using examples to make it as simple as possible. After definition of the technique, the basic interpretation of the results is highlighted and then some special issues are discussed.     

对发明的认识

在过去，人们对发明所做出的解释是：“发明是利用自然法则的技术思想的高度创造”，“发明乃是人们通过创造性脑力劳动创制或设计出来的前所未有的东西”，“发明是指对产品、方法或其改进所提出的新的技术方案”。显然，上述这些解释多是基于形象的感性认识所进行的外在形式性与现象性的描述。那么，我们能否对其进行更为深入、更为本质的抽象认识，从而加以理性的定义与解释呢？本文在此方面进行了初步的探索。 发明，是人类在自发的感性认识或自觉的理性认识的基础上，通过特定的手段，首次性地对具体的自然规律或具体的社会规律进行能…     

网络文学的再认识

网络文学是数字化洪流中诞生的新生体。在新的历史时期,网络文学给文坛注入了新活力,通过对网络文学存在弊端的分析和探讨,提出网络文学发展的正确方向,对网络文学的规范化具有重要意义。