GILS,Government Information Locator Service: Blending Old and New to Access U.S. Governmental Information

Summary

U.S. government information resources, because of their vast quantity and lack of organization, and because of redundancies among agencies, have never been simple to locate. A budding electronic system, the Government Information Locator Service (GILS), is beginning to put structure into government information as well as to provide online pointers to government resources. This workshop explained the legislation behind the making of GILS, described its mission, and demonstrated actual searches for government information using the locator service.     

中美公共图书馆政府信息服务的差距分析

公共图书馆作为政府信息公开体系中的"新元素",在缩小数字鸿沟、保障全社会对政府信息资源的公平获取方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。由于我国政府信息公开起步较晚,公共图书馆自身发展严重不平衡,所以现阶段我国公共图书馆政府信息服务远未达到发达国家水平。究其原因,我国在法律政策保障、实施机制、设施资源、馆员队伍等方面同美国相比还存在着较大差距。     

美国政府信息系统的安全防护体系

1.信息安全管理机构 2004年 1月,美国成立了"全国信息保障委员会"、"全国信息保障同盟"和"关键基础设施信息保障办公室"等 10多个全国性机构. 9· 11事件后,美国成立了由副总统领导的国家本土安全局,其职责包括了保护本土信息基础设施的安全.布什总统发布 13231总统令,将克林顿成立的"总统关键基础设施保护委员会"这一部委之间的协调机构改为行政实体"总统关键基础设施保护办公室",接受总统办公厅领导.这些措施体现了美国积极防御的信息安全战略意图.     

Government Information Locator System and Government Information Management in the United States

20世纪90年代中期以后,随着电子政府服务的发展,美国联邦政府一些跨机构工作小组开始致力于政府信息定位服务(GILS)的相关调查研究,并在大量合作项目的基础上构建起联邦政府的GILS框架。此后,美国各州政府和机构也在此基础上探索构建了各具特色的GILS服务。GILS现已逐渐融合到美国电子政府整体建设之中,不仅通过因特网为公民提供政府数字信息,而且还可提供广泛的政府服务。各种类型的GILS服务之间的交流与合作也在积极展开。     

Information Policy Issues and Access to U.S. Government Information

During the end of 1988 and through the Summer of 1989, a flurry of activities occurred as Congress considered legislation regarding management of and access to U.S. government information. This paper identifies and discusses a range of policy issues that evolved from these activities and are likely to affect access to U.S. government information in the immediate years ahead. The paper stresses the importance of addressing these policy issues and offers suggestions for resolving them as a means for increasing access to government information.     

企业资讯服务V·S图书资讯专业训练

近两、三年笔者曾在不同场合听闻图书资讯学教育学者及图书馆经营者勉励学生或图书馆从业人员不要"妄自菲薄",每次听闻此言,笔者便自省,从事图书资讯服务时是否会"妄自菲薄"?笔者的答案为"否".     

美国政府首席信息官制度的特色与启示

文章简要介绍了美国政府首席信息官制度的产生与发展历史,探讨了其实践特色,并就对我国政府首席信息官制度建立和完善的启示意义进行了分析。     

Information on Native Americans in U.S. Government Publications

Abstract

This article is a selective annotated list of print and electronic sources that provide information on Native Americans and the United States Government. While most of these are issued by the federal agencies, there are also some commercially published works that cover government resources or describe and interpret federal activities. The bibliography is arranged in broad subject areas; headings include finding tools, federal policy, federal laws and regulations, treaties, statistics, history and culture, and contemporary issues.     

美国联帮政府信息资源管理体制

介绍美国联邦政府信息资源管理的基准和体制,指出影响公众获取政府信息的主要因素.     

政府信息定位服务与美国政府信息管理

20世纪90年代中期以后,随着电子政府服务的发展,美国联邦政府一些跨机构工作小组开始致力于政府信息定位服务(GILS)的相关调查研究,并在大量合作项目的基础上构建起联邦政府的GILS框架.此后,美国各州政府和机构也在此基础上探索构建了各具特色的GILS服务.GILS现已逐渐融合到美国电子政府整体建设之中,不仅通过因特网为公民提供政府数字信息,而且还可提供广泛的政府服务.各种类型的GILS服务之间的交流与合作也在积极展开.参考文献16.     

美国向公众提供政府信息的网络系统

本文重点研究了向公众提供政府信息资源的美国政府信息系统的形成、架构、服务内容与服务方式。     

Social Science Reference and U.S. Government Information on CD-ROM:

The Depository Library Program of the Government Printing Office is increasingly distributing its publications in nonprint formats. A growing number of its titles are being issued on CD-ROM. Among these titles are some that are useful for research in the social sciences. Reviewed are titles issued by the Bureau of the Census, the Department of Commerce, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Labor, and the Department of Health and Human Services.     

The National Technical Information Service - Working to Strengthen U.S. Information Sources

The National Technical Information Service (NTIS) is a self-supporting agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce that actively collects, organizes, and distributes technical information generated by United States and foreign governments in all areas of science and technology. There are two million titles in the NTIS permanent archives, some of which date as far back as 1945, and last year NTIS added 63,000 new titles to its collection. The entire collection is available at any time - whether a report dates from 20 years ago or last month. In addition, NTIS provides government generated computer software and computerized data files on both tape and diskette through its Federal Computer Products Center. To keep pace with technology transfer activities, the NTIS Center for the Utilization of Federal Technology licenses Federal inventions and makes them available to private industry and prepares and issues a number of publications, catalogs, and directories announcing Federal technologies and resources. In the area of foreign technology, NTIS has recently increased its holdings - up to a third of the reports entering the collection are now from foreign sources.     

美国联邦政府信息增值服务制度研究

通过归纳分析美国联邦政府信息增值服务的法规政策,提出自由获取、低成本收费、较少的增值开发利用限制、最大化地依靠私营部门和先进的信息资源管理体制是其增值服务制度的五项关键内容。结合案例分析和数据,指出其制度实施的积极效果和负面影响,并针对我国实际提出美国的经验教训对我国政府信息增值服务制度建设的启示。     

中美政府信息公开目录体系的比较与思考

分类体系和核心元数据是目录体系的核心和基础。以《政府信息公开目录系统实施指引（试行）》为基础, 从分类体系的分类方式、类目设置两个方面以及GILS 与《政府信息公开目录系统实施指引（试行）》设定的核心元数据 对中美政府信息公开目录体系进行比较与分析。对我国政府信息公开目录体系的建设提出了完善分类方式、保证分类体 系稳定性、细化类目、制订元数据编码标准化规范的建议。     

中美政府信息公开目录体系的比较与思考

分类体系和核心元数据是目录体系的核心和基础.以<政府信息公开目录系统实施指引(试行)>为基础,从分类体系的分类方式、类目设置两个方面以及GILS与<政府信息公开目录系统实施指引(试行)>设定的核心元数据对中美政府信息公开目录体系进行比较与分析.对我国政府信息公开目录体系的建设提出了完善分类方式、保证分类体系稳定性、细化类目、制订元数据编码标准化规范的建议.     

New wine in old wineskins: U.S. Government information in a networked world

Electronic information transforms relationships among the elements of traditional publishing, creating new opportunities and new challenges, especially for the long-term sustainability of information. The most prevalent popular metaphor, the information highway, is somewhat misleading. A new model—information ecology—can bring new thinking to bear on these challenges. Exploring this model suggests that current government information dissemination institutions and practices must transform themselves if access to valuable public information is to be maintained and expanded.