新一代服务平台环境下的智慧图书馆建设:业务重组与数据管理

在信息时代数据意识全面增强的背景下,图书馆作为科研活动和文化事业发展的重要支撑,其服务和业务管理也应尽快走向数据化和智能化。本文以新一代图书馆服务平台的实施为契机,回顾我国图书馆业务重组的历史,探索大数据背景下图书馆业务流程重组的方法和主要内容,包括采访流程再造、馆藏模式再造、服务流程重组和图书馆人员再造等。在智慧图书馆建设的背景下,要革新图书馆服务理念,提供一体化的读者服务和资源发现服务,重构学术服务,强化数据管理。从全国图书馆发展的宏观规划来看,图书馆联盟也需重构,要探索向智慧图书馆联盟的转型升级。图书馆整体应该跳出传统的文献服务范畴,以数据智能计算为中心,着眼于数据的搜集、组织、挖掘、应用的全过程,将数据服务作为新时代图书馆服务的主要能力。     

囿于成本控制管理的图书馆员职业边缘化思考

为了节省有限的建设经费,很多图书馆的业务外包范围不断扩大,图书馆的主业务和非主业务内容均被涉及。委托管理是一种具有管理和服务成本控制优势的管理模式,它逐渐引起了政府和高校管理者的兴趣,他们可能将它运用到图书馆的管理工作中去,这客观上促使图书馆员职业危机的产生,图书馆员将面临再次被边缘化的危险。     

Acquisitions in the nineties: Surviving the fragmenting future

Articles forecasting the effects of automation on libraries have only recently begun to recognize the impact technologies external to the library will have on the acquisition function and librarians in all parts of academic libraries. Although the technologies appear to be fragmenting the acquisitions process within and external to the library, these technologies offer options that will dramatically change how libraries serve their clientele. At this time, these options may preclude traditional organizational design. Acquisitions librarians and their peers in all library departments must explore and learn about these technologies and the information they can provide, and actively participate in the design of new services.     

Firing an old friend,painful decisions: The ethics between librarians and vendors

The past decade has brought many changes in the relationships between librarians and vendors and in the ethics between them. Foremost among these changes have been the advances in library technology and automation. In the past, the symbiotic relationship between librarians and vendors was relatively simple. Librarians wanted a vendor who could supply library materials efficiently, accurately, and with a good discount. The vendor was expected to be knowledgeable about library trends and needs and to be the party with the business savvy and sophistication to work with publishers. Now, not only do librarians expect vendors to supply materials efficiently and accurately, they also expect technological sophistication in the providing of these materials, automated systems, and service for the systems. This is especially true for the acquisition of serial publications and the needs of automated services such as check-in, claiming, ordering, and invoicing. Librarians now want more than just materials at a reasonable price. They want automated systems and databases for acquiring materials, managing budgets, and servicing collections. This paper will review the historical relationship of the ethics between vendors and librarians. It will explore the information and automation society and how the decline of business ethics in the eighties changed this relationship.     

Libraries Across the Sea: Using a Virtual Presence and Skilled Student Assistants to Serve Students Abroad

The authors discuss methods and challenges of supporting branch academic libraries overseas that are not staffed onsite by librarians or permanent staff. The authors present their two-pronged approach of creating a virtual presence carefully customized to the needs of the students studying abroad along with specially and highly trained student workers. The new program, grounded partly in theories from education and business management, is shown to have substantially improved both library services for our study abroad students as well as library student workers’ performance.     

Rave new world: Librarians and electronic acquisitions

This paper focuses on the role of librarians in the technological environment of the future. The accessing and collecting of information generated by electronic means and distributed by new electronic media and the attendant challenges presented to acquisitions and collection management librarians are discussed here. Librarians will experience changes in expectations of products and services of vendors and publishers. Vendors and publishers will make changes in what they offer to libraries to stay competitive in an age of electronic information exchange and delivery. Acquisitions librarians will find themselves straddling two worlds, the traditional and the electronic, to meet the information needs of contemporary library users.     

物竞天择，适者生存——图书馆新消亡论论辩

针对国内外新一轮关于图书馆消亡的讨论,结合笔者的微博调查,从达尔文“适者生存”的理论,阐述图书馆,特别是研究图书馆面对的挑战与应对策略。主张以理性的思维看待图书馆的生存问题,客观地认知环境的变化,直面图书馆转型变革的挑战,积极地树立自身的忧患意识,进一步增强职业的危机感,前瞻性地洞察发展趋势,能动地增强适变能力。提出必须通过确立融入数字化战略、嵌入教学科研过程、提供移动服务、创新学科服务,重新定义图书馆的发展战略,重新确立图书馆的职业特征,将知识管理与知识服务置于图书馆的核心业务,构建真正的以用户为中心的业务模式与管理机制,重构适应数字环境的新型图书馆范式。     

Collections and systems: a new organizational paradigm for collection development

Collection development and the management of access to electronic resources in large academic libraries increasingly requires close cooperation between collection development librarians, public service librarians, and systems librarians and staff. Many libraries, both public and academic, have created new positions or converted existing ones with titles such as ‘electronic resources librarian’ or ‘electronic information coordinator.’ Two years ago, the Washington State University (WSU) Libraries decided to take a different approach to managing these two vital library functions by creating the new position of Assistant Director for Collections and Systems. This paper explores the convergence of collection development and systems in a research library. It sets forth the philosophical underpinnings of that convergence, and it discusses issues encountered in the integration of the two services in the WSU Libraries. Finally, it explores strategic issues for future collection development and management from the perspective of this new organizational paradigm. [1]     

One small community hospital library's successful outsourcing of document delivery: an ongoing study

When DOCLINE was implemented in 1985, community hospital librarians were beginning to feel the economic pressures of the changing health care arena. However, staff and resources were often sufficient or plentiful. Now, fifteen years after the creation of DOCLINE, many existing small hospitals either no longer have a librarian, an assistant is managing the library, the librarian is managing one or more libraries of an integrated system, or the number of librarians has been reduced. A system that is heavily staff dependent is no longer feasible. In addition, as the role of the community hospital librarian evolves into one of instructor and patient education liaison, a system that does not permit the librarian to expand such services will be detrimental to the entire library program. Following is a discussion of one small community hospital's decision to outsource document delivery services as a result of staffing changes and the expansion of additional library programs.     

Approval vendor selection—what’s best practice?

With the wide variety of vendor services available, discount or other traditional factors may no longer play a predominant role in determining an academic library’s vendor selection. A questionnaire was sent to 291 academic librarians to survey their vendor selection criteria and methods. Using preliminary results from the survey, this paper examines the mix of vendors’ traditional services vs. new services that now enter into the selection decision. Further, it considers differences in practice based upon library budget size. These initial results indicate that the traditional areas of corporate reputation, approval plan management, and acquisitions services consistently receive the highest ratings of importance. The areas covering outsourcing and electronic data transmission are rated higher by those libraries using these services. As more libraries seek these services from their approval vendors, the services will likely increase in importance in librarians’ decision-making processes.     

Experiments and Experiences in Liaison Activities: Lessons from New Librarians in Integrating Technology,Face-to-Face,and Follow-Up

As is the case in many university libraries, Albertsons Library at Boise State University, has hired many new librarians to replace retiring librarians. These newer librarians, typically with less than 3 years’ academic library experience, are actively engaged in meeting the opportunities and challenges of subject liaison responsibilities using innovative Web-based tools. This article addresses liaison experiences with faculty-directed blogs, personalized faculty research pages, a wiki-based liaison manual, and the use of LibraryThing as a collection development tool. An overview of these efforts confirms that new technologies are only as good as the face-to-face communication and the follow-up that accompany their implementation. Much of the content in this article was presented at the 2007 and 2008 Acquisitions Institute conferences at Timberline Lodge at Mt. Hood, Oregon.     

Managing Reference Services in an Electronic Environment

The increasingly electronic environment in today's academic library is placing new demands on managing reference services. Staff are faced with selecting, implementing, and servicing a wide range of services and resources. This necessitates learning the new and integrating it into the established. At the same time, users are becoming more varied. Not only is their demographic profile changing, but more users with interdisciplinary interests are seeking assistance. Reference librarians are also working to establish new interfaces with the increasing number of users who wish to access resources without coming into the library. This article addresses the management of reference services in a medium-sized research library to meet these needs. A model for planning reference services is presented along with a staff organizational structure to meet agreed upon objectives.     

Knowledge-based information management: implications for information services

The 1994 Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) standards for information management will change the way health care librarians respond to JCAHO accreditation surveys and may affect the way libraries are managed. This article will highlight the changes in the standards and the new opportunities they offer. Implications for library operations and the challenges inherent in working with the new Accreditation Manual for Hospitals (AMH) are also explored. The long-awaited 1994 Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) Accreditation Manual for Hospitals (AMH) is now on most hospital library shelves. As expected, librarians will find that the section on Professional Library Services (the PR chapter) has disappeared and that the standards previously in that section are now incorporated in part into the new Management of Information, or IM chapter. Although this method of grouping standards may be new to many health sciences librarians, the incorporation of library services into IM may actually provide many more opportunities for librarians than the previous method of addressing library services separately.     

Outsourcing,bureaucracy and public value: Reappraising the notion of the “contract state”

Large-scale outsourcing of information technology in the U.K. public sector – the NHS, the Inland Revenue, and the Department of Social Security over the years – raises a number of critical issues not just for how outsourcing can be conducted in public sector contexts but also about the efficacy of such arrangements in terms of enforcement of democratic values. We argue that marketization's target may well be bureaucracy, but the organizational form is a repository for democratic, civic, and public service values that can be eroded through how outsourcing has been conducted. The call for a reevaluation and the case for a distinctive public services management ethos are made if such values as equality, impartiality, communal good and public service are to be pursued and delivered. Selective outsourcing is revealed as effective – together with much needed rebuilding of internal capabilities – in keeping control of IT destiny, delivering on public service requirements, and managing external supply. The U.K. experience, we suggest, provides salutary learning for public services in other developed economies.     

The Professor-Librarian: Academic Librarians Teaching Credit-Bearing Courses

Many academic librarians have ideas or opportunities for teaching information literacy courses for the library, outside the scope of their regular positions. Some additional librarians are asked to consider teaching credit-bearing courses for other departments at their institutions, based on graduate degrees they hold in fields besides library science. Academic librarians who face either option are often asked to provide detailed information on how colleagues at other institutions handle arrangements: payment, coverage of library services while they are teaching, and proving their suitability for teaching in a given subject area. Unfortunately, the data available on their work is both scant and scattered. The authors surveyed librarians at 350 academic libraries across the United States to gather and analyze data on these and numerous related aspects of librarians’ teaching for departments outside the library. They also collected and analyzed comprehensive background information on these “professor-librarians.”     

图书馆的数字化业务外包初探

阐述图书馆数字化业务的概念与特点，介绍在企业经营管理中开始广泛采用的业务外包方法及其在图书馆业务中的应用，着重论述图书馆数字化业务中引进业务外包的种类，并从确定外包业务的范围、选择外包服务提供者、规划中的业务流程再造与执行中的项目群管理等角度，全面讨论图书馆数字化业务的业务外包策略。     

Selling the Library from the Reference Desk

Abstract

Many library directors and administrators spend a significant portion of their time attempting to market the library and its services. Getting patrons into the library and keeping their business is an integral part of the day-to-day management of the library. This mission, however, is not always effectively passed on to the front lines to the one group of people who face the patrons on a daily basis -the reference librarians.

This article will show how the library's service points can be used as marketing tools; outline what librarians and public service staff should know about their library; and discuss ways in which reference service librarians can help further the library's marketing and public relations goals.     

国家图书馆读者服务工作与外包管理的思考

结合国家图书馆外包服务的具体实践,阐述了该项服务在全面提升国家图书馆服务能力的同时,也带来一些新的问题,针对外包服务的管理,提出了对策和建议。     

Toward a new world order: A survey of outsourcing capabilities of vendors for acquisitions,cataloging and collection development services

A survey of selected library materials jobbers, cataloging agents, and library consortia shows that communication standards, vendor and library automation, and new partnerships among vendors and libraries are leading to greater opportunities for outsourcing acquisitions, cataloging, and collection development. Currently libraries can depend on vendors for preorder searching, verification, and claiming functions as well as copy and original cataloging. Libraries can receive shelf-ready materials from jobbers or cataloging agents; those that collect mainstream materials have the most options; others must shop among vendors. Collection development is the function least changed by automation, but materials jobbers are orienting more electronic services towards this area. Librarians should become full partners in the development of contract services. To do this, librarians must understand the evolving roles of the traditional partners and the costs and risks involved.     

图书馆核心能力之构建:基于管理学观点的整合

图书馆的核心能力,就是图书馆根据自身信息资源特点,最大限度地整合与协调资源的技能,更好地为用户提供有价值服务的一组技术或能力的组合。核心能力表现为四个维度。图书馆的核心能力构建可以从业务外包中得到推动力,且与业务流程重组及知识管理密不可分。图4。参考文献10。