‘I am happy just doing the work …’ Commuter student engagement in the wider higher education experience

This paper reports on a large qualitative study with commuter students in England. Research on student success identifies the importance of engagement in academic and non‐academic aspects of the student experience; in this paper student engagement is segmented into academic, enhancement and social spheres. Commuter students, who often incorporate a range of equity characteristics, aim to achieve good degree and employment outcomes, and prioritise academic engagement. But commuting tempers their face‐to‐face academic engagement as they make trade‐offs between the costs of travelling and the value of the academic encounter. Engagement in enhancement and social activities is limited and is seen by many as an extraneous aspect of the higher education experience. This lack of engagement can be understood through the employment of notions of economic, cultural and social capital, and these insights inform the recommendations for higher education providers to improve the engagement and outcomes of non‐traditional students in higher education.     

结合区域经济发展 构建高职创业教育模式——以苏州为例

高职院校实施创业教育,是实施扩大就业战略的需要,也是高职教育发展改革的需要,更是地方经济发展的需要。区域经济的发展与高职教育创业型人才的培养是相辅相成的。以苏州为例,地方高职院校创业教育的目标体系、内容体系、实践体系等必须与地方经济发展相结合。只有这样,其创业教育才能得到长足的发展。     

高职教育与安徽区域经济协调发展的路径研究

高等职业教育与区域经济的关系是相互依存、相互影响、共同发展的.在皖江城市带承接产业转移的新形势下,安徽高等职业教育还存在许多问题,特别是人才培养目标和培养模式不能适应区域经济的发展.高职院校要通过全方位提升服务区域经济的意识和能力,使人才培养目标与区域经济的人才需求相适应,通过有效提高高职毕业生的本地就业率来带动安徽区域经济发展,以实现区域经济与高等职业教育协调互动发展.     

区域高等教育结构与经济社会发展协同机制研究——基于高校毕业生就业难的深层思考

当今时代,高校毕业生的就业困难问题愈发严重.以高校毕业生就业难的深层根源为切入点,以区域高等教育结构与经济社会发展之间的辩证关系为关键点,为区域高等教育结构与经济社会发展协同机制提出发展策略,以期为促进解决我国区域高等教育长期存在的问题、助力区域创新驱动发展战略提供参考.     

The Japanese education system with special emphasis on higher education

The purpose of this article is to provide a brief analysis of the Japanese educational system and to give a somewhat detailed discussion of Japanese higher education. Its main conclusions are: although the bulk of higher education is catered for privately, the prestige institutions tend to be public ones; the character of the system as a whole seems to reflect Japanese society very clearly indeed since it supports high growth industries, reinforces the traditionally accepted distinction between the sexes, and determines both the structure of wages and salaries in general and its sex variance in particular; and that there are very serious problems currently confronting Japanese educationalists - these relate to the official inspection of textbooks, the emergence of anti-teacher violence within schools and the reduction in the size of the public subsidy to private education.The authors are extremely grateful for helpful comments and suggestions from Margaret B. Sutherland, Professor of Education, University of Leeds and Dr. Penny Francks, specialist on modern Japanese history at the Department of Chinese Studies, University of Leeds. However, the usual disclaimer applies.Ali M. El-Agraa is a Senior Lecturer in Economics, School of Economic Studies, University of Leeds, England and is the Visiting Professor in charge of International Economics and Middle Eastern Studies, Graduate School of International Relations, International University of Japan, Niigata for the period September 1984–August 1985. Akira Ichii is Professor of Economics, University of Chuo in Tokyo and is currently (April 1982–March 1984) a Visiting Fellow in the School of Economic Studies, University of Leeds.     

我国高等教育大众化进程中地方高等教育的发展

我国实施高等教育大众化发展战略以来,地方高等教育获得了长足发展,成为大众化的重要推动力量,其与地方社会经济发展的联系进一步加强,管理体制和投入体制改革有了新突破。但同时也存在质量不高、区域特色不明显、经费结构不合理、区域差距不断扩大等诸多问题。为此,需进一步优化地方高等教育发展的政策环境;不断加大对高等教育发展薄弱地区的扶持力度;努力培育区域特色,挖掘地方高等教育的生长点;进一步拓展地方高等教育的筹资渠道,不断提高办学效益。     

区域经济发展对大学生就业机会的重要性

大学生的就业状况不仅直接影响到毕业生的预期收益,而且影响家庭和个人对高等教育投资的积极性,进而影响到高等教育的发展。高校毕业生就业难的成因是多方面的,其中区域经济发展对大学生就业机会的影响也值得我们探讨研究。     

缓解大学生就业难问题的战略性对策研究

为缓解大学生就业的紧张局势，必须对社会和高等教育发展进行战略性调整。其包括选择以就业为中心的经济发展模式、合理规划高等教育的发展、提高高等教育质量，完善就业服务、缓解区域发展的极端不平衡、扩大高中阶段教育。     

扩大西部地区高等教育自主权的思考

西部地区社会经济的发展，取决于本地区人力资源开发。而高素质的人才培养，则是推动西部地区社会发展的最佳途径。目前西部地区高等教育存在着资源配置不合理、规模偏小；科研力量薄弱、传统学科偏重、应用学科不足；基础人才过剩、高精尖科技人才缺乏等问题，为了适应西部大开发的实际需要，应扩大西部地区高等教育的部分办学自主权，促进西部地区高等教育办学规模、学科建设诸方面的快速发展，使之更好地服务于地区社会经济的发展。西部地区高等教育应为全面建设小康社会做出应有的贡献。     

透视我国过度教育现象

理论界对过度教育的研究最早源于西方。随着中国高等教育大众化进程的加快,高等教育规模迅速扩张,越来越多受过高等教育的劳动力涌入市场,大学毕业生就业难问题日益突出,很多毕业生从事了与自己学历不匹配的工作,教育技能不能被充分利用,毕业生的经济地位相对下降,教育的经济价值受到挑战。     

谈以服务区域经济为着眼点的特色就业服务体系——以辽宁机电职业技术学院为例

随着我国经济结构及产业结构的调整,对高职教育的办学模式和高职毕业生的职业素质提出了新的要求,尤其是在我国现阶段经济低速运行的状态下,高职生的就业又面临着新的困难和挑战,很多高职院校在发展上遇到了瓶颈,而辽宁机电职业技术学院在长期的办学实践中,以区域经济发展为着眼点,走出了一条"以学生就业为导向"的特色就业服务体系建设道路。     

应用型本科建设环境下黄山学院大学生创业教育研究

伴随着高等教育大众化的发展,大学生就业形势日趋严峻,创新创业教育作为一种新的教学理念与模式应运而生。以黄山学院为例分析应用型本科建设环境下的大学生创业教育,并结合黄山文化优势、资源优势和黄山学院专业优势构建大学生创业教育的"黄山模式",形成富于特色的创业教育格局,以全面推进地方性应用型本科建设。     

实践性应用型人才培养模式下的大学英语教学研究

面对经济全球化,社会信息化,高等教育国际化、大众化和大学生就业形势日益严峻的多重冲击,高等学校人才培养模式面临严峻挑战。通化师范学院审时度势、立足教学实际,制定出实践性应用型人才培养新模式。以促进学院的长足发展。外语人才培养也必须适应这一新的战略。然而传统的大学英语教学方法和手段培养出来的学生,缺乏创新意识、自主意识和实践能力,很难适应社会的需要,所以大学英语教学模式改革势在必行。     

“新工科”背景下省属高校高分子材料与工程专业人才培养的改革与实践

武汉纺织大学高分子材料与工程专业在"新工科"理念及工程教育专业认证标准的指导下,对专业的培养方案、人才培养模式、课程体系、多元化学业考核评价体系、持续改进体系、师资建设等方面进行改革与实践。通过这些改革举措,学生的专业基础知识越来越扎实,解决复杂工程问题和创新创业能力得到提高,就业情况明显好转,人才培养质量越来越好,满足了服务区域经济发展和纺织行业转型升级的需求。     

The use of mobile technology for work‐based assessment: the student experience

This paper outlines a research project conducted at Leeds University School of Medicine with Assessment & Learning in Practice Settings Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning, collaboration between the Universities of Leeds, Huddersfield, Bradford, Leeds Metropolitan University and the University of York St John. The research conducted is a proof of concept, examining the impact of delivering competency based assessment via personal digital assistants (PDAs) amongst a group of final year undergraduate medical students. This evaluation reports the student experience of mobile technology for assessment with positive effects; concluding that overall the students found completing assessments using a PDA straight forward and that the structured format of the assessment resulted in an increased, improved level of feedback, allowing students to improve their skills during the placement. A relationship between using the PDA for learning and setting goals for achievement was clearly demonstrated.     

基于价值链分析的广州大学城核心竞争力的构建

如何培育和提升广州大学城核心竞争力是其获得持续发展的关键。从价值链的观点分析,构建广州大学城核心竞争力的策略可概括为从其四大价值活动环节着手：加快高等教育大众化的进程;优化高等教育的层次结构与学科结构;运用区位优势,促进产学研一体化;加大政府扶持力度,提高高等教育国际化。     

Role of health-promoting behaviours for on-campus and distance education students

University students are likely to experience high rates of stress, which has the potential to negatively affect academic performance and their experience of study. Research with on-campus students has found positive benefits of health-promoting behaviours such as stress reduction and academic achievement; yet no research has examined these relationships with distance education students (and in comparison with on-campus students). Distance education students are a growing cohort in Australia higher education and elsewhere. This paper aims to redress this imbalance by comparing the relationships between stress, strain and coping, academic outcomes, and health-promoting behaviours in tertiary students (on-campus and distance education students). The study involved 242 on-campus and 399 distance education students at a regional Australian university. A path model was developed comparing both cohorts, and relationships were found to be similar, indicating no significant difference. Online interventions for distance education students which could be used to enhance coping are discussed.     

Political economy of higher education: comparing South Africa to trends in the world

Education is one of the major linchpins of economic, social and political development of any nation. Recent evidence suggests that higher education can produce both public and private benefits. Thus, the role of the state in making education policy, and funding education is indeed critical, and cannot be left to be determined by market forces alone. Nevertheless, the trend of inadequate government funding for universities, loss of autonomy, infrastructural decay, falling academic standards, politicization and privatization of education, etc. appear to be a worldwide phenomenon and not just restricted to the developing world. South African higher education shows much promise with respect to knowledge production and dissemination, to contributing to social equity, economic and social development and democracy, and to the development needs of the Southern African region and the African continent. However, higher education in South Africa is under considerable stress from domestic and international trends that are redefining the nature and role of public sector post-secondary education (PSE) institutions worldwide. The paper will outline the role of PSE in the knowledge economy and the impact of the neoliberal context on the evolution of higher education in South Africa and the world. Given the significant developmental implications of investment in higher education, the authors argue that relegating this important public policy issue to the market forces is likely to promote inequality in the society, along with negative consequences for socio-political stability, economic sustainability, and knowledge generation.     

中国与韩国大学生就业问题比较

中韩两国地域、文化、经济发展水平相近，受经济结构调整和高等教育大众化政策实施的影响，大学毕业生就业矛盾越来越突出。本文从两国经济与失业状况的比较入手，全面考察了大学生的就业形势和形成就业困难的原因，分析了经济与高教发展对学生就业的正负面作用。     

论高校毕业生就业的教育教学改革

随着高等教育规模不断扩大,高等学校毕业生就业难的问题成为政府、社会和高等学校极为关注的问题。虽然高等教育进行了大量卓有成效的改革,但脱离社会和市场需要的根本问题并没有解决。以社会需求和就业为导向的高等教育要以社会需求和就业为导向,全面推进教育教学改革,学科建设、专业设置和人才培养紧贴区域经济社会发展的重点领域,适应经济社会发展的需求。