Early Warning Signs of Functional Illiteracy: Predictors in Childhood and Adolescence

Early childhood, middle childhood, and early adolescence determinants of functional literacy in adulthood are investigated, using 20-year longitudinal data from a sample of black children of teenaged mothers from the Baltimore metropolitan area. Document literacy was assessed by a test that consisted of a subset of items of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) adult literacy test. The Baltimore sample is compared to the NAEP sample. Family environmental factors, early childhood developmental level, and educational career factors were considered as predictors of young adulthood literacy. Preschool cognitive and behavioral functioning is highly predictive of literacy in young adulthood, even when the effects of family environmental characteristics, including living arrangements, the quality of the home environment, maternal education, and income, are controlled. Grade failure in elementary school is also associated with literacy, but this effect disappears when the measure of preschool abilities is controlled. Family environmental factors that are predictive of literacy include maternal education, family size in early childhood, maternal marital status, and income in middle childhood and early adolescence. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.     

Early Literacy Practices as Predictors of Reading Related Outcomes: Test Scores,Test Passing Rates,Retention, and Special Education Referral

Recent focus on the reading skills of primary school children has led to the increase of funding for early literacy programs targeting students at risk for reading failure. In this study, self-reports of the frequency of currently advocated early literacy practices in Grades 1 through 3 were entered into regression models in an effort to predict mean language arts scores and passing rates on a 3rd-grade state examination, grade level retention, and referral for special education assessment. Regression models were also compared to models predicting rates of special education referral and retention. Findings indicate that the effect of early literacy practice on school-level outcomes depends on the measure used as an indicator of improvement. Explicit skill instruction was a significant predictor of higher passing rates on a state examination, as well as lower rates of referrals for special education assessment. However, explicit skills instruction was also a predictor of higher rates of grade retention. Holistic focus was associated with higher rates of referral for special education assessment, as well as lower retention rates. Programs that included a parent-child reading feature were associated with both lower rates of referral and grade retention. Findings are discussed in light of research in classroom environments and school reform.     

Preparing Industry Leaders: The Role of Doctoral Education and Early Career Management Training in the Leadership Trajectories of Women STEM PhDs

Research in Higher Education - While gender diversity in leadership has been shown to benefit organizations and promote innovations, women continue to be underrepresented in leadership positions in...     

安阳市水环境生态补偿预警监测机制研究

介绍了安阳市流域水环境生态补偿工作相关政策规定和具体实施情况,叙述了地表水预警监测在水环境生态补偿的具体应用,为补偿资金的核算提供公正依据,为环保部门科学决策发挥技术支撑作用。进一步指出应对流域生态补偿机制开展环境监测,并加强监测能力建设、开展水环境预警监测及应用技术对策研究。     

数据驱动的在线学习倦怠预警模型研究与实现

在线学习倦怠是学习者由于学习压力等因素影响而产生的一种倾向于逃避学习的消极心理状态,对其进行有效识别与适时预警是实现高效在线学习的重要途径.鉴于此,文章首先确立了在线学习倦怠的内涵与结构维度,并基于学习倦怠量化表征依据分析构建了数据驱动的在线学习倦怠预警模型;然后从在线学习倦怠预警过程出发,详细阐述了数据驱动在线学习倦怠预警的实现方案;最终依托iStudy学习平台完成了在线学习倦怠预警系统功能的设计与开发,并以H大学在线学习者为研究对象进行系统应用和实证分析.实践效果表明,该预警模型可以有效降低学习者倦怠水平并显著提升课程学习效果,为在线教育中的学习倦怠评估与智能化预警奠定了一定的基础.     

二元算子方程组的迭代求解

利用锥理论和单调迭代方法,本文在Banach空间对一类二元算子方程组的求解进行了探讨,利用较简捷的务件,得出方程组的最小最大解和最大最小解,及其上下控制逼近式．并推广到n元算子方程组的情形,改进了许多有关结果．     

Early Educational Intervention, Early Cumulative Risk, and the Early Home Environment as Predictors of Young Adult Outcomes Within a High-Risk Sample

The extent to which early educational intervention, early cumulative risk, and the early home environment were associated with young adult outcomes was investigated in a sample of 139 young adults (age 21) from high-risk families enrolled in randomized trials of early intervention. Positive effects of treatment were found for education attainment, attending college, and skilled employment; negative effects of risk were found for education attainment, graduating high school, being employed, and avoiding teen parenthood. The home mediated the effects of risk for graduating high school, but not being employed for teen parenthood. Evidence for moderated mediation was found for educational attainment; the home mediated the association between risk and educational attainment for the control group, but not the treated group.     

Beyond Traditional Measures of STEM Success: Long-Term Predictors of Social Agency and Conducting Research for Social Change

Despite the importance of preparing socially responsible graduates in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to address the current state of poverty and inequality, very few studies in higher education have examined the development of STEM students’ outcomes critical to promoting a more equitable society, typically focusing on the impact of one program or course. To address this gap in the literature, this study used frameworks of undergraduate socialization as well as social justice perspectives in STEM education to examine the undergraduate experiences and institutional contexts that predict STEM bachelor’s degree recipients’ development of two democratic educational outcomes seven years after college entry: social agency and values toward conducting research that will have a meaningful impact on underserved communities. The study utilized multilevel modeling on a national longitudinal sample of 6341 STEM bachelor’s degree recipients across 271 institutions. Longitudinal student data from the 2004 Cooperative Institutional Research Program’s (CIRP) Freshman Survey and 2011 Post-Baccalaureate Survey were merged with institutional data from the Integrated Postsecondary Educational Data System and CIRP Faculty Surveys. Various undergraduate socialization experiences and institutional contexts were found to predict STEM bachelor’s degree recipients’ democratic educational outcomes, including academic majors, participation in student organizations and research, experiences with faculty, and peer and STEM faculty normative contexts. Implications of the findings for research, policy, and practice are discussed.     

面向质量监测与预警的研究生教育管理信息平台的构建

为了加强研究生教育管理,提高研究生培养质量,文章在分析研究生教育管理信息化现状的基础上,提出了面向质量监测与预警的研究生教育管理信息平台的设计理念:全面系统集成、强化流程控制、注重数据分析、加强信息服务,并从体系结构设计、功能模块设计、信息安全设计、数据交互设计、监测预警设计等五个方面对信息平台的设计方案进行了说明。该平台在南通大学投入实际应用,结果表明:该平台在实际应用中取得了积极成效,具有一定的推广价值和示范效应。     

论高校公共危机预警信息系统的建立

近年来,高校突发公共危机事件层出不穷,使其在管理方面面临极大的挑战,如何从维护高校的稳定发展的角度出发,理解建立预警信息系统在公共危机管理方面的重要地位,客观分析预警信息系统缺失的现状及问题,明确危机预警的管理原则,合理提出构建预警信息体系具有深远的意义。     

基于AHP-TOPSIS的返贫风险评估预警方法

采用AHP-TOPSIS分析法对不同地区的返贫风险等级进行实证分析,结果表明:在产业发展风险、疾病风险、政策风险、道德风险和协同不足风险中,疾病风险尤其是恶性疾病是造成返贫最主要的因素。基于返贫因素权重计算的贴近度指标能有效识別和比较不同地区的返贫风险,且预测准确率高。     

Performance Trajectories and Performance Gaps as Achievement Effect-Size Benchmarks for Educational Interventions

Abstract

Two complementary approaches to developing empirical benchmarks for achievement effect sizes in educational interventions are explored. The first approach characterizes the natural developmental progress in achievement made by students from one year to the next as effect sizes. Data for seven nationally standardized achievement tests show large annual gains in the early elementary grades followed by gradually declining gains in later grades. A given intervention effect will therefore look quite different when compared to the annual progress for different grade levels. The second approach explores achievement gaps for policy-relevant subgroups of students or schools. Data from national- and district-level achievement tests show that, when represented as effect sizes, student gaps are relatively small for gender and much larger for economic disadvantage and race/ethnicity. For schools, the differences between weak schools and average schools are surprisingly modest when expressed as student-level effect sizes. A given intervention effect viewed in terms of its potential for closing one of these performance gaps will therefore look very different depending on which gap is considered.     

高校研究生心理危机预警和干预体系探析

在分析研究生心理危机预警的评估指标、对象范围和网络体系的基础上,从健全危机干预组织机构、设置危机处理预案、构建危机处理信息沟通和监测系统、丰富心理救助方法和渠道四个方面探讨了心理危机干预的可行性操作.     

高校学业困难生预警与帮扶体系的构建与实践

浙江大学大类招生与大类培养的模式为大学生提供了宽口径的发展平台,但对低年级大学生也提出了新的要求。本文从大类培养的模式谈起,阐述了求是学院蓝田学园学业分级预警机制的构建和配套学业帮扶措施的实施。在总结当前机制成效的同时,也归纳了下一步工作的重点。     

大学校园心理危机预警与援助系统设计

当个体面临心理危机的时候，及时性和专业化的心理预警与援助显得殊为必要。一个由“学校领导统辖、心理危机专家居要、所有关涉人员参与”的联合营救行动是维护平安和谐大学校园的重要保障机制。“大学校园心理危机预警与援助系统”存在的价值与意义、系统的运行规划和保障系统正常开展工作的心理动力该系统的三个重要方面。     

Anxious Solitude and Self‐Compassion and Self‐Criticism Trajectories in Early Adolescence: Attachment Security as a Moderator

Youths’ attachment representations with their parents were tested as moderators of the relation between peer‐reported anxious solitude and self‐compassion and self‐criticism trajectories from fifth to seventh grades. Participants were 213 youth, 57% girls, M = 10.65 years of age. Growth curves revealed that attachment representations with both parents moderated the relation between AS and self‐processes such that AS youth with (a) dual secure attachments demonstrated the most adaptive self‐processes, (b) one secure attachment demonstrated intermediately adaptive self‐processes, and (c) dual insecure attachments demonstrated the least adaptive self‐processes over time. AS youth with dual insecure attachments are of most concern because they demonstrated elevated and increasing self‐criticism over time, given evidence for relations between self‐criticism and internalizing psychopathology.     

理工类高校本科专业预警、退出机制现状与问题分析

专业是连接高校与社会需求的主要桥梁,为了更好地适应社会对人才的需求,理工类高校初步建立了专业预警、退出机制,但仍存在价值冲突性、执行过程的价值偏离性、问题解决上的不彻底性等局限性。因此,科学地建立高校专业预警与退出机制,已成为高校教育资源合理配置问题中急需解决的重要研究课题。     

高校突发性事件预警机制研究

市场经济快速发展给高等教育发展带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战,但在快速发展的同时,校内外诸多不可控或不可预知的因素引发的突发性事件给师生的身心健康、学校财产造成危害,破坏了正常教学秩序。为了预防和减少突发性事件的发生,控制、减轻和消除其带来的危害,应加强高校突发性事件预警机制的研究,建立行之有效的预警系统。     

高职机电一体化专业质量监控和预警系统的构建

就高职机电一体化专业如何深化校内质量监撑,从专业建设、课程开发、教学过程、资源管理等四个方面分析了监控的具体内容,同时还提出了需要预警的指标参数,为专业质量诊断和预警系统的构建提供了一个基础平台。