Future developments in transportation

Nearly all prognostigators, from the fellow who buys a $2 ticket on Blue Boy to the financial policy-makers of government and business, base their final conclusions upon past experience. Properly tempered (and herein lies the success or failure of the prophet), this is a completely logical procedure, and is especially applicable to engineering trends, for most of our technical progress has been achieved through a process of evolution.Thus, one of the best ways to gain an insight as to the direction in which we're going is to note our present position and to review how we reached it.In the preceding discussion, I have tried to cover a few specific phases of our transportation future in just this fashion, in order to emphasize that we can expect tomorrow further applications and extensions of the things we are working with today.     

论运输问题表上作业法

根据表上作业法迭代计算的原理,说明了位势法求检验数的唯一确定性。针对表上作业法迭代计算的繁琐,提出了2个提高初始调运方案质量的运算法则,2个能使迭代次数明显减少的调运方案调整改进法则,并从理论和实例上证明了该法则的合理性。     

浅谈铁路货运规章信息化建设

铁路货运规章是铁路货物运输的基本"法",但现行的铁路规章数量众多、修改频繁、不便于现场使用。文章对目前铁路货运规章管理存在问题进行分析,提出采用信息化手段管理规章,并对货运规章管理系统建设提出建议。     

城市生态交通系统理论与实现途径

生态交通系统以人流物流为核心,讲究车、路、站、能源、管理等要素与人、经济、自然的协调,其目标是生态安全、绿色出行、和谐交通。居民以"慢行+公交"生态出行理念的实现,需从规划、技术上扩充步行、自行车与公共交通的生态位,同时采用限行、收费方式压缩轿车的生态位。效仿公交式的物流配送网络建设,既是对轴辐式配送网络的完善,也是货运从独立经营到共同配送的良性生态演化。客运与货运的生态位重叠,可通过时、空维数的部分分离来减缓竞争。     

公交IC卡收费系统安全方案

公交IC卡收费系统是以非接触式lC卡为储值卡支付手段,以计算机系统为信息处理方法的安全可靠的现代化管理系统,加快公共汽车收费速度,提高运营效率,以方便广大市民,确保用户利益。     

Urban transportation network analysis from a thermodynamic perspective

The paper explores the application of thermodynamic formalism to model and control transportation networks. Specifically, by considering the vehicles as the abstract energy supplied to the system, we show in certain circumstances that certain thermodynamic concepts such as temperature, thermal capacity and thermal equilibrium can have the corresponding notions in transportation context. In addition, despite the lack of a natural principle in transportation context that corresponds to the second law of thermodynamic as we will show, the most important thermodynamic notion, which is the entropy, can be also defined in order to measure the disorder of transportation systems. It is then shown that the state when all lanes have the same occupancy corresponds to the thermal equilibrium arising in isolated thermodynamic system. This equilibrium occupancy leads to a minimum entropy corresponding to a minimal disorder. Besides, by taking the transportation entropy as the storage function, a robust dissipativity based control strategy is presented to reduce the disorder and render the system better organized. Finally, an example is worked out to illustrate the results.     

公共交通导向的中国未来都市交通运输体系

一、问题：小汽车浪潮背后的隐忧中国已经进入一个全新的、经济高速增长、城市化进程加快的历史阶段。与此同时,中国也迎来了机动化加快发展的阶段,在一些经济发达的特大城市,由于城市规模越来越大,越来越多的人在越来越长的通勤线上开着私家车出行。香港知名作家、     

城市公共客运交通规划与评价方法

城市交通系统最主要的组成部分是客运交通系统。公共客运交通系统的合理规划与管理，是实现城市化的重要条件，也可以促进国民经济的迅速全面发展。主要介绍了城市公共交通的组成、现状、基本特征、规划的框架设计、需求预测及评价，为加快城市公共交通系统建设的速率提供帮助，使之形成规模化、网络化、现代化的良性系统。     

协整分析在交通能源需求预测中的应用

本文采用恩格尔—格兰杰(Engle-G ranger)误差修正模型,考察了交通能源需求(LTE)、旅客周转量(LPK)、汽车保有量(LCAR)等宏观经济变量之间的均衡关系,对交通能源需求量建立了格兰杰误差修正模型,经检验该模型具有良好的预测、分析效果。     

移动探测车技术在交通降碳减排上的应用

针对城市交通拥挤日益突出的矛盾,为提高道路运输效率、引导低碳出行,用实证分析的方法,从路线导航、交通管制和交通事故应急处理3个方面分析了移动探测车技术在提供动态交通信息服务和低碳交通节能减排上的优势,最后结合08年奥运期间北京市移动探测车系统的成功案例,指出探测车技术对缓解交通拥挤、建设低碳交通具有重要意义。     

Decision making by simulation in a parcel transportation company

This study is based on an actual simulation application project carried out for a parcel transportation company. In its current system, the company has a wide network of branches throughout the country. Although, it is good to have a large network in terms of accessibility and increasing the business volume, performing the same operations in almost every branch is costly ineffective. Consequently, the company managers considered merging several branches in the same neighborhood and carrying out most of the tasks in these central branches. As they consulted us to see if this idea is feasible or not, we decided to use simulation modeling. After carefully investigating the details of the system we developed a comprehensive model of this dynamic and complicated system and looked at the feasibility and also the limitations of their approach. After getting the results, we noticed that what they planned would not work out and developed another central branch design that could work out. Using design of experiments we obtained the behavior of the suggested system under different business scenarios. In this study, we describe the details of this interesting application of simulation modeling.     

车载无线网络在城市智能交通中的应用

随着车载无线网络的发展,实现车-车、车辆-道路基础设施间的通信成为可能,并通过车-车、车辆-道路基础设施间的无线网络实现信息的交互与共享,可用于汽车防碰撞系统、汽车安全系统、优化路径和定位等,同时也可缓解交通拥堵的问题,提高道路利用率。笔者在文中讨论无线网络技术的应用,并对今后的发展提出建议。