论教师教育特色

教师教育特色是指举办教师教育的不同类型、层次的高等院校,在促进教师发展的长期办学实践中所形成的独特的、持久稳定的办学模式和学校文化。其本质特性表现为培养目标的针对性、课程设置的特殊性、品德教育的重要性、教育实践的人本性、教育文化的民族性。教师教育特色在培养对象和模式等方面有不同的表现形式。科研优先,引领方向;教研并重,打造特色;教学为本,服务地方分别是建设有教师教育特色高水平研究型大学、教学研究型大学、教学服务型大学的路径选择。     

面向农村：城市化进程中的地方师范院校科学定位

高等教育的大众化、高师院校的转型和教育系统内部人事制度的改革,使师范教育逐渐被边缘化。师范院校办学定位模糊,师范体系内部缺乏合理分工,学校缺乏有效的教育引导．学生“农”的意识淡薄,师范生就业率持续走低,而农村教师依然存在着结构性紧缺。在我国城市化进程加快发展的大背景下．地方师范院校应将面向农村基础教育作为自己办学的科学定位,改革教师教育人才培养模式,加强师范生的教育实践,强化师范生“农”的职业责任教育,从而为农村基础教育培养高素质专业化师资。     

Reflections on the Teacher Education System Overhaul (TESO) program in Ethiopia: Promises, pitfalls, and propositions

In 2003 the Ethiopian education system experienced wide-ranging reform that touches every aspect of the system. This reform is called TESO (Teacher Education System Overhaul). Designed to address educational problems in Ethiopia, TESO introduced significant structural changes and promised to bring a ‘paradigm shift’ in the Ethiopian educational system by engaging teacher education in changing society and promoting democratic, practical, and problem-solving education. This paper examines, through an analysis of the TESO document and an examination of the views of teacher educators, TESO’s assumptions, mission and the coherence among the various components of TESO. It also reveals gaps and discrepancies between TESO’s mission, its reform process, and strategies. The promise and assumptions of TESO are challenged by considering extant realities in Ethiopian schools and evidence from literature on effective teacher education programs and educational reform. The paper reflects on how, by giving priority to equity, TESO compromises on some elements of effective teacher education programs. It is indicated that TESO has been a welcome addition to the Ethiopian education system as it addresses elements that had previously been missing from the system, such as, outlining directions to teacher education, devoting longer duration for practicum, and heeding seriously to the professional preparation of teachers. At the same time, it is contended that the imbalance among program components, its permeability to ill-prepared students and the contradiction between program rhetoric and strategy and reform processes, as described by teacher educators, could be stumbling blocks which prevent TESO from fulfilling its promises.     

钦州学院开展“顶岗实习，置换培训”的调查研究

“顶岗实习,置换培训”是教师教育的一种活动,需要精心组织实施。它创新了钦州学院师范教育的实训模式、师资培训的形式和教师教育的工作机制,激活了教师教育各要素的积极性。它在实施中反映的教师培训联系农村中学不够和师范生教师职业知识和技能的某些缺失,需要钦州学院通过强化服务意识,深化教师教育改革来加强解决;还有“顶岗实习”与“置换培训”的时间选择、范围的扩大等问题,也需要探索。     

论现代教师教育道路演变的逻辑

现代教师教育的演变遵循着一条以教育实践为起点的逻辑线路,即"教育实践——教师教育实践——教师教育理念"。推动这一演变发生的动力源是教育理论与教育实践间的矛盾,它构成了我们分析和区分不同教师教育道路的直接线索。对这一逻辑线路的考察表明:现代教师教育道路演变的脉络是"培训——教育——学习",该脉络的形成有其内在必然性。走向教师学习是未来教师教育道路演变的大致路向。     

Creating a dialogic environment for transformative science teaching practices: towards an inclusive education for science

Abstract

This paper focuses on the design and application of a teacher training strategy to promote the inclusive education of students with disabilities in the science classroom, through the creation of adult learning environments grounded on the principles of dialogic learning. Participants of the workshop proposal consisted of a group of twelve teachers who were working at various educational levels. Teacher teams proposed and implemented in their classroom, innovative, inclusive science-learning activities about a topic of their choice. Data were collected from interviews with teachers five months after the courses, teachers’ portfolios about their practice during implementation of such sequences, and researchers’ observations. The data suggest that it is possible to stimulate a gradual transformation of teaching practices through a teacher training proposal that promotes self-awareness and critical reflection, situated in the creation of meaning and a willingness to change in the spirit of solidarity and social action. We found elements to recommend the incorporation of these innovations at the curricular and practical level for teacher training schools and for in-service teacher development programmes in Mexico and elsewhere.     

论我国教师教育中的“过度”问题

我国的教师教育在市场化发展过程中出现了教育过度问题,其成因以及所引发的教育问题影响了教师教育机构及其运作机制的发展,只有立足于我国教师教育的实际,建构有效的防范机制,才能实现教师教育的和谐发展。     

大学社会实践是提高师范院校教师教育科研能力的有效途径

大学社会实践是高等院校实践性教育的重要形式,是提高教师教育科研能力的有效途径。在大学社会实践活动中,教师可以更深入地接触社会、认识社会,拓展科研思路,寻找有价值的科研课题;可以建立实验基地,开展课题研究;可以增强教师的科研意识,提高科研能力。     

Higher Education as a Range of Educational Activities for Student Teachers

Summary Taking German experience as her point of departure, the author pleads for a practice‐based reform of secondary teacher education in universities by counter‐balancing the traditional overaccentuation of theory and abstract cognitive learning. A broader concept of practice and the suggestion of a ’partial isomorphism’ of universities and schools lead to the definition of higher education courses as practice and as fields of educational activities. In training seminars, student teachers have particular opportunities of profession‐oriented experiences and insights. If they learn, from the very beginning of their studies, to interpret the seminar sessions as learning situations and to organise them deliberately in cooperation with the seminar leaders, they can build the first elements of professional competence. The article reports how this conception of teacher education as field of, and preparation for, practice has been realised in an introductory seminar for freshmen at the Ruhruniversitat Bochum.     

师范生教育实践能力培养与教育实习课程改革研究

教育实习是教师教育课程体系的重要组成部分,具有多元教育价值。教育实习课程存在目的不明,组织管理方式不够完善,实习生的课堂教学时间极为有限,教育实习投入不足等问题。究其原因,在于缺乏对实践性知识的价值及获得途径的准确把握,教师教育尚未形成完整的课程体系,未能将教育实习工作和中学的发展通盘考虑等。基于此,要探索多样化的教育实习方式与途径,切实加大教师教育课程体系中实践类课程的比重,体现教育理论的实践性特征,密切与中学的伙伴关系。     

教师专业化进程中的高师院校实践性教学

实践智慧作为教师专业化的本质规定决定着教师教育过程的实践性特点。借鉴西方教师教育"在实践中"、"指向实践"、"为了实践"的基本教育教学模式,应不断完善我国教师教育机制,在实践性教学计划、实践性课程设置、实践性教学组织形式、教学实践基地建设、指导教师队伍建设等方面实现积极的变革。     

教师教育的“破冰之船”:泛实践战略

本人首次提出的寻找教师教育出路、导引教师教育发展方向的“教师教育泛实践战略”,旨在实现教师教育范式的重构与转型。该战略也是基于多元整合的教师教育的现实需要,以实践为教师教育的辐射点,终结单向的知识、理论传授的培训模式,通过“三维”实践路径和“六元”活动范式,实现教师能实践、会实践、科学进行实践的现实目标指向。     

教师教育改革的理论、模式与实践

实现教师教育的专业化、职前职后的一体化是国际教师教育的发展趋势,进行教师教育改革既是建设创新型国家、实施人才强国战略的必然要求,也是教师教育市场开放态势下市场竞争和高等师范院校间综合实力竞技以及基础教育和学生就业双刃剑作用下的必然结果。从各师范大学的改革实践来看,教师教育的培养模式正趋于多样化。通过教师教育改革,可以实现教师教育与学科教育的相对独立,使教师教育与学科教育专业化;实现教师职前培养与职后培训一体化,使教师教育体系更加完整;实现教师教育资源的整合与共享,使教师教育资源发挥更大的效力;实现教育科学研究与服务社会的有机统一,使理论与实践的结合更加紧密;实现高等教育质量与基础教育质量的共同提高,使教师教育与基础教育形成联动关系;实现与国际教师教育高等院校合作,使教师教育办学形式国际化。     

中小学教师“院校协作”教研培训模式探讨

院校协作是指大学与中小学建立协作关系：大学院校通过组建学科研究团队,设立培训试验研究基地,规范合作机制,以课堂学习研究为载体开展教研。该协作关系在一定程度上可提高教师教育学者的素质,并优化教师培训“效能”。     

Developing teacher competences for education for sustainable development through reflection: the Environment and School Initiatives approach

The introduction to this paper gives a short overview of the Environment and Schools Initiatives (ENSI) perspective on teaching competences. We argue that as change is one of the key elements of sustainable development, reflection that helps to adapt educational practice to a continuously developing world should be a starting point for every educator dealing with education for sustainable development (ESD). The ENSI perspective is that different competence lists constitute a basis for this continuous reflection. The paper gives two examples from ENSI activities in the field of developing teacher reflection regarding ESD in teacher education. For pre‐service teacher education a one‐year, action research based training course is examined. In in‐service education an analysis of a sequence of project supporting workshops is presented. The paper concludes by identifying some future steps, which are necessary if teacher competences are to be used in ESD.     

职业教育“双师型”教师队伍建设：基于治理体系的思考——《深化新时代职业教育“双师型”教师队伍建设改革实施方案》等系列文件解读

“双师型”教师是具有中国话语权的职业教育专业术语,“双师型”教师队伍建设是一项系统工程。为了落实“职教20条”提出的加强“双师型”教师队伍建设要求,教育部出台了系列文件,基于产教融合和校企合作,对实施培养专业认证、严格教师资格准入、建立教师专业标准体系、完善认证评价标准、搭建专业实践平台、组建教学团队、深化职教教师教育改革、健全培养培训体系等源头性、基础性工作进行全方位规划,全力打造“双师型”教师队伍。     

教师教育课程一体化构建:问题、理念及对策--以地方高师院校为例

课程改革是地方高师院校教师教育改革的必然选择。教师教育课程一体化是教师教育一体化的重要组成部分。从教师教育课程整合的要素来讲,教师教育课程一体化包括教师教育课程结构一体化、课程内容一体化和课程实施一体化等方面。地方高师院校教师教育课程一体化建设中存在的主要问题是课程结构比例失调、课程类别不合理,课程之间内容融合度低、教育实践课程欠整合,课程实施方式变革步伐缓慢、学生评价单一等。建立模块化课程网络体系、合理整合课程内容、优化课程实施过程等是教师教育课程一体化构建的基本对策。     

大学与中小学伙伴协作对职前教师教育的改进——以西北师范大学经验为例

基础教育改革需要以教师素质的提升和教师教育的改进创新为基础和动力。大学与中小学的相互了解,彼此协作有利于改变师范教育脱离实际的状况。大学对中小学教师的校本培训和以需为本的培训,与中小学合作开展教育研究,合作培养师范生等活动,能够有效增进大学教师的实践性内容知识和解决现实问题的能力,衍生新的教师教育课程资源,改进教师教育课程的教学策略,改善教育实习的效果。     

Educational psychology within teacher education

In a context where the role of the teacher and teacher education are undergoing considerable change, the role of educational psychology in teacher preparation is discussed within a new framework. Educational psychology is now perceived as an inherent component within teacher training and professional development, having previously been an additional course and often considered irrelevant to teaching practice. The current paper discusses the relationship between educational psychology and teacher preparation. Educational psychology's contribution to teachers' professional development is delineated through the constructs of teachers' prior beliefs about teaching, reflective practice and self‐efficacy, while its contribution to the improvement of teacher–pupil interaction is viewed through the lenses of instruction theories, social and emotional learning, special educational needs and classroom management. It is argued that through a productive dialectic dialogue between educational psychology and education, educational psychology provides the knowledge defined by its field to be utilized by teachers, whereas at the same time, teachers gain a wider reconceptualization of their practice.     

一位成功的随班就读数学教师的个案研究

本文以质性研究的方法,通过与教师、家长、随班就读工作管理者的7次深度访谈,并结合资料采集、分析,对一位成功的随班就读教师进行个案研究。揭示了随班就读教师的心路历程,并从成功的随班就读教师特征,随班就读教师取得成功的外因,有效的教学策略,有效的班级管理策略等方面展示了成功的随班就读教师所具有的能力,还揭示了随班就读教师面临的压力与当前随班就读工作存在的问题。