可耗竭资源型企业转移行为干预因子的系统分析——基于跨区优势要素耦合与生态文明联动的思路

基于跨区优势要素耦合与生态文明联动的可耗竭资源型企业转移行为,是一个新兴的实际问题,也是一个理论前沿问题。对此,运用系统工程学和行为经济学的思想,基于从2000-2009年我国可耗竭资源型企业跨区转移的大量项目与其它未转移项目的对比中提炼出的12种企业转移的特征行为,通过文献研究与访谈调查提炼企业转移行为的干预因子,选取"行为收益感知"与"行为成本感知"为中介变量,建构此类企业转移行为的干预因子结构方程模型进行实证检验。研究结果表明:"政策指向"、"资源衰竭压力"、"利益趋向"、"决策倾向"、"异地要素引力"和"原地区位斥力"因子都是间接地对"高成本-高收益转移行为"、"低成本-低收益转移行为"产生显著的正效应,且表现出干预强度由重到轻的顺序;其对于"高成本-高收益转移行为"的整体干预强度明显重于对于"低成本-低收益转移行为"的整体干预强度;其干预方式和干预路径也具有一定的规律性。研究成果为我国跨区优势要素耦合与生态文明联动下可耗竭资源型企业转移行为调控策略的制订提供了理论依据。     

项目型企业知识转移的障碍与动机研究

文章选择以项目为单位进行生产经营的项目型企业为研究对象,将知识转移的理论研究与实践紧密结合,深入分析了影响其知识转移的障碍和动机,阐释了项目型企业知识转移的具体行为和背后的规律。本研究不仅可以很好地揭示了组织情境等因素对项目型企业知识转移的影响,而且从实践上有利于帮助企业迅速定位知识管理的重点,提升企业知识管理水平。     

资产利用动机下企业跨地区发展的区位选择——一个优势匹配的视角

通过文献研究方法,提出在企业跨区域发展的区位选择中需要综合企业特定优势与区位优势,在资产利用动机下,具有成本特定优势(Low-cost Advantage)的企业倾向于选择具有资源要素优势(Resource-based Advantage)的地区,而具有差异化特定优势(Differences Advantage)的企业则倾向于选择具有市场区位优势(Market Advantage)的地区.     

资源租与可耗竭能源资源开采模式研究

可耗竭能源资源稀缺性逐渐被人们认可,征收资源租被认为是增强其开采和利用的有效手段。对能源资源租的归属问题、能源资源价格与资源租的关系问题进行了解读;并且基于能源资源市场特征、开采者行为与资源租关系的研究,探讨了资源租不同存在情形以及其对能源资源有效开采期的影响,认为可耗竭能源垄断型开采优于竞争型开采,同时,资源所有者应该充分借助资源租的手段矫正开采者的开采动机。     

外商投资企业空间集聚的路径选择研究--以长江三角洲地区为例

产业集群是具有密切经济联系的产业在特定区位的空间集聚现象,具有对特定区位的路径选择特征。本文采用路径分析方法对长江三角洲地区外商投资企业空间集聚的路径选择问题进行研究。研究结果表明,影响长江三角洲地区外商投资企业集群的因子间不仅具有显著的路径选择特征,而且因子与集群间也具有显著的路径选择特征。文章最后提出促进外商投资企业空间集聚的对策建议。     

基于关系驱动的企业网络异变机理研究

异变是网络组织运行的一个重要特征,而异变本身也有其特定的属性与规律。本文通过对企业网络组织异变内涵的剖析,从关系驱动的视角发掘出了网络组织的渐进型与激进型异变路径,即保持网络架构稳定的间隔式均衡与突破网络架构的裂变式均衡。     

基于大数据技术的企业并购隐性知识逆向转移

大数据技术的应用可有效促进企业对隐性知识的识别与提取,提高创新效率。基于隐性知识本身固有特征和并购双方“有限理性”特征所引发的双方关于隐性知识逆向转移策略的多重选择问题,构建基于大数据技术的企业并购中并购双方隐性知识逆向转移的演化博弈模型,分析了不同因素影响下并购双方在隐性知识逆向转移中策略选择的演化路径。研究表明：大数据知识整合技术能力、大数据预测分析技术水平、目标企业隐性知识的敏感程度、转移成本与预期收益的比率等是影响双方策略选择的关键因素;处于一定范围内的大数据技术分析水平对隐性知识逆向转移有促进作用;对目标企业的补偿率存在最优区间;成本与预期收益比率的变化将导致并购双方的博弈策略向不同的方向演化。     

PPM理论框架下的创业型企业迁徙影响因素分析

创业型企业迁徙行为对于属地城市和目的地城市的产业转型和经济发展都产生了重大影响。研究首先从资源基础、发展能力、战略选取等方面区分创业型企业与成熟企业不同组织特征,在PPM理论框架下,结合创业型企业迁徙行为特点,从推力、拉力与调节3个方面构建了创业企业迁徙行为影响因素的理论模型。通过分析,研究认为对创业型企业迁徙行为产生最为重要作用的因素为区位成本要素、企业家特质、产业集聚机制效应与宏观政策影响。     

电子商务企业竞争行为组合的选择与转换

以三家电子商务企业为研究对象,采用结构内容分析法,通过分析由权威电子商务研究网站和企业自身发布的234条竞争事件报道,研究电子商务企业竞争行为(市场与非市场行为)组合的选择和转换规律。结果表明:电子商务企业主要实施三种竞争行为组合:扩大范围型、提高地位型、获取资源型;战略目标与竞争行为组合之间存在匹配关系:经营范围战略与扩大范围型行为组合匹配;市场地位战略与提高地位型行为组合匹配;优势资源战略与获取资源型行为组合匹配;竞争行为组合转换的主要路径包括:扩大范围型——提高地位型或获取资源型、提高地位型——获取资源型、获取资源型——提高地位型;电子商务企业战略目标的改变导致了竞争行为组合的转换。     

外商群体投资区位选择的因素研究——基于企业微观数据的分析

外商群体投资(FCI)为存在产业关联的外资集聚。在前人文献基础上,提出了一个考察FCI区位选择因素包含14个条款的测量体系,调查了江苏昆山、吴江、浙江平湖等FCI特征明显地区的106家外资企业,采用探索性因子方法探明了这一测量体系的内在结构。实证分析结果表明,除了传统的区位特定因素、成本驱动因素外,FCI的区位选择因素还包括企业集聚和产业关联两个方面。这为后续研究从因素体系和结构上提供了经验证据和逻辑指引。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.