The Influence of James C. McCroskey’s Research in South Korea

In honor and remembrance of Dr. James C. McCroskey, this article looks at McCroskey’s influence in Korean academic fields. We find that McCroskey’s scholarly articles and books were increasingly cited from 2001 to 2016 and that his work has been cited in Korean journals across diverse fields. In addition to the communication and education fields, McCroskey was cited also in the fields of science and medicine in South Korea. The findings document the international and interdisciplinary impact of McCroskey’s scholarship.     

Jim McCroskey: Instructional Scholar

This essay is the third in a series recognizing the contributions of James C. McCroskey to the communication discipline. Instructional communication was a passion of McCroskey’s, and much of his professional life was devoted to nurturing this area of scholarship. McCroskey’s approach to graduate education and his mentoring of students is credited with being central to the development of instructional communication. His research was both developmental and transformative and will influence instructional communication scholarship for years to come.     

“Is this Ella Fitzgerald?”: My Reflections of James C. McCroskey

Editor’s Note: This essay reflects the final in our five-part set of essays on the career of Communication Research Reports founding editor, James C. McCroskey. In these previous essays, Levine and Park (2017) offered the opening essay in our series, with a professional and personal rememberance of a scholar deeply impactful on both of their careers. Hickson (2018) commented on McCroskey’s formal and informal mentorship styles, and how others might understand the critical importance of offering oneself to one’s peers. Park, Oh, and Ryu (2018) explained the unique impact of McCroskey’s research on communication scholarship in South Korea, and Frymier (2018) reminded us of McCroskey’s impact as a core scholar for instructional communication research. In this final essay, we reached out to current West Virginia University Department of Communication chair Matthew M. Martin for his thoughts. As McCroskey spent most of his career at WVU (including a 25-year stretch as the department chair, from 1972 to 1997), inviting the current chair of that department for a closing commentary seemed most fitting. We hope that these five essays serve as a memorial to a scholar whose career and influence extends far beyond his publication record.     

The Research of James C. McCroskey: A Personal and Professional Remembrance

James C. McCroskey passed away on December 27, 2012. He contributed immensely to the study of human communication. He led the field in in-field publications and citations. Perhaps his most lasting contribution is naming and measuring communication constructs. James C. McCroskey contributed substantially to Communication Research Reports as a past editor, editorial board member, and contributing author. This essay is a personal and professional remembrance of James C. McCroskey.     

Instructor Clarity,Humor, Immediacy,and Student Learning: Replication and Extension

This study replicates and extends three widely cited instructional communication research studies regarding instructor clarity, humor, immediacy, and students’ learning: Richmond, Gorham, and McCroskey (1987), Wanzer and Frymier (1999), and Chesebro and McCroskey (2001). Students across four diverse institutions of higher education (N = 1,109) completed survey measures. Replication results suggest that findings from the original studies (clarity, humor, immediacy, and student learning) persist, and extension results, exploring verbal immediacy and perceived immediacy, reveal statistically significant correlations with the original studies’ variables. However, results of the replication and extension reveal measurement validity uncertainties that require further investigation.     

Players' perceptions of their coaches' immediacy,assertiveness, and responsiveness

This study involved players’ perceptions of their coaches’ nonverbal immediacy, assertiveness, and responsiveness. Previously in the classroom setting, Thomas, Richmond, and McCroskey (1994) found that in the classroom setting nonverbal immediacy was positively, moderately correlated to both assertiveness and responsiveness. College students (N = 192) were asked to fill out a questionnaire based on a coach that they had in high school. Players who perceived their coaches as being nonverbally immediate, also perceived their coaches as being responsive, and to a lesser extent, assertive. Future research directions include considering the relationships between a coach's nonverbal immediacy with player motivation and satisfaction.     

The association of socio‐communicative style and relational type on perceptions of nonverbal immediacy

This study examined how an individual's perceived use of nonverbal immediacy is related to his or her perceived socio‐communicative style, and whether the use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors differs across relational types. Reflecting on a recent interaction, participants (N = 309) completed the Assertiveness‐Responsiveness measure (Richmond & McCroskey, 1990) and a modified version of the Nonverbal Immediacy Behaviors instrument (Richmond, Gorham, & McCroskey, 1987). Results indicate that (a) competent communicators differ from noncompetent, submissive, and aggressive communicators across ten nonverbal immediacy behaviors and (b) the use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors differs across relational types.     

The relationship between willingness to communicate and solidarity with frequency,breadth, and depth of communication in the sibling relationship

People communicate differently based on their willingness to communicate, along with their feelings of solidarity with the receivers (McCroskey & Richmond, 1987). People who are high in their willingness to communicate and feel close to their receivers would seemingly communicate more frequently and intimately. This study investigated this proposition by considering the late adolescent sibling relationship. College students were asked to complete a questionnaire focusing on the frequency, breadth, and depth of their communication with their siblings. Participants also completed measures of their trait willingness to communicate, their willingness to communicate with their siblings, and their solidarity with their siblings. People's willingness to communicate and willingness to communicate with their siblings was positively related to their frequency, breadth, and depth of communication with their siblings. Solidarity was also found to be positively related to frequency, breadth, and depth of communication.     

Temperament and socio‐communicative orientation

This study investigated the relationship of scores on temperament dimensions for both three‐ (Eysenck, 1985) and five‐factor (McCrae & John, 1992) models with scores on two dimensions of socio‐commu‐nicative orientation (Richmond & McCroskey, 1990). The Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Five‐Factor Model measure have previously been validated as measuring genetically‐based dimensions of temperament. Substantial variance in scores of both assertiveness and responsiveness were predictable by each of the temperamental models. These results suggest that socio‐communicative orientation (self‐perceptions) is likely genetically based. There is a need for additional research employing twin designs, and ultimately direct genetic testing, to confirm these results.     

A cross‐cultural test of the association between temperament and communication apprehension

The research reported in his study was a cross‐cultural test of the communibiological model of communication apprehension as temperamental expression. The study was designed to replicate the findings reported by Beatty, McCroskey, and Heisel (1998) in the U.S. and Japan. In this study participants from Japan and the U.S. completed measures of communication apprehension, neurotitism, and extroversion. The results indicated that, for both Japanese and U.S. college students, scores on the measure of communication apprehension were significantly correlated with measures of neuroticism and extroversion. Multiple regression analyses indicated that both neuroticism and extroversion predicted unique variance in communication in both cultures and that the multiple correlations for the two cultures did not differ significantly. It was concluded that the replication was successful and that temperament scores are substantially predictive of communication apprehension across the cultures tested.     

Student reticence and oral testing: A Hong Kong study of willingness to communicate

The concept of willingness to communicate (WTC) is established in the United States but less understood elsewhere. This study tests the appropriateness of WTC (McCroskey & Richmond, 1987) in Hong Kong against a background of an increased importance of oral tests which may disadvantage reticent students. The study concludes that the instrument is generally workable in Hong Kong. A preliminary WTC norm is established at 40–45. It also concludes that this norm is low compared to other nationality groups and expresses features that may define a Hong Kong style of oral communication, specifically, a disinclination for dyadic communication.     

Understanding the psychometric properties of the humor assessment instrument through an analysis of the relationships between teacher humor assessment and instructional communication variables in the college classroom

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the newly developed Humor Assessment (HA) instrument. Previous research (Wrench & McCroskey, 2001) noted a construct validity problem with the Humor Orientation (HO) scale created by M. Booth‐Butterfield and S. Booth‐Butterfield (1991). This study examined the relationships between the HA, which corrects the construct validity problem seen in the HO, and affective learning, nonverbal immediacy, cognitive learning, learning loss, student motivation, and teacher credibility.     

Validity of the management communication style construct

A relatively recent addition to the organizational communication literature is the Management Communication Style (MCS) measure developed by Richmond and McCroskey (1979). Although the reliability of this measure has been reported, estimates of validity are noticeably missing. The present study assesses the validity of the MCS instrument by examining the relationship between employees perceptions of supervisors on the MCS and pertinent communication behaviors. Results support positive relationships between MCS and listening, understanding, and quality of communication. Findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the validity of the MCS instrument. Implications for future research are discussed.     

Self-Perceived Communication Competence in Iranian Culture

Understanding of how different cultures value intercultural communication and communication competence is of considerable importance (Dilbeck, McCroskey, Richmond, & McCroskey, 2009 Dilbeck , K. E. , McCroskey , J. C. , Richmond , V. P. , & McCroskey , L. L. ( 2009 ). Self-percieved communication competence in the Thai culture . Journal of Intercultural Communication Research , 38 , 1 – 7 .[Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]). This research aims to investigate Iranian culture values related to self-perceived communication competence, which is reported to be a strong predictor of willingness to communicate (McCroskey & Richmond, 1990 McCroskey , J. C. , & Richmond , V. P. ( 1990 ). Willingness to communicate: Differing cultural perspectives . Southern Communication Journal , 56 , 72 – 77 .[Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]). The Self-Perceived Communication Competence (SPCC) instrument was used to measure the communication competence self-perceptions of more than 700 Iranian university students regarding various contexts and with various receivers. Results indicate that participants feel more competent communicating in dyads and group context and with friend and acquaintance receivers, while less competent when talking with strangers or in public and meetings.     

An investigation into the cognitive domain of competence II: The relationship between communicative competence and interaction involvement

The purpose of this study was to continue the investigation into the cognitive domain of communicative competence (Duran & Kelly, 1984; McCroskey, 1982; Spitzberg, 1983). The relationship between interaction involvement (Cegala, 1981) and communicative adaptability (Duran, 1983), a communicative competence construct, was studied. Canonical correlation analysis produced three significant canonical roots. Root 1 was defined by social confirmation appropriate disclosure, and responsiveness. Root 2 was defined by social composure, social experience, andperceptiveness. Root 3 was defined by social experience, and attentiveness. The theoretical implications of the results as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.     

中国台湾地区少儿阅读推广方略对祖国大陆的影响

中国海峡两岸少儿阅读推广的"破冰之旅",为两岸少儿阅读的深入交流与合作提供了契机。台湾地区少儿阅读推广的特色和方略,给祖国大陆带来了一股清新的活力,两岸之间有了碰撞与互动,有了影响和收获。两岸应继续展示各自在少儿阅读领域的积极一面,继续建构观点碰撞、资源共享、实践互通的少儿阅读学术研讨的专业平台,切切实实地促进海峡两岸少儿阅读运动的快速发展。     

万历《辉县志》补刻后印考——辨各目著录之失与所谓天启志问题北大核心CSSCI

一般以为,《辉县志》自明至清凡修七次,其中明万历、天启二志仅孤本残存。实际上,河南省图书馆藏万历志为补刻本,其补刻至少在万历二十五年(1597)后,而所谓天启志并不存在,国家图书馆藏四卷残卷实为万历志之崇祯补刻本,相较前本,其中并有剜改,各方志目录、善本书目的著录均有待订正。从万历《辉县志》两种补刻印本可看到,志书历次重修之间存在诸多小型修补,这些补刻后印本也是方志纂修链条的一环,在编目和利用时应加注意。     

国内外儿童搜索引擎比较研究

少年儿童正逐渐成为使用网络的主要人群,国外已经出现了许多功能较为完善的儿童搜索引擎,然而中文儿童搜索引擎却仍然很罕见。文章首先分析了建设儿童搜索引擎的必要性,再介绍了国外儿童搜索引擎KidRex和Yahoo!Kids及对不良网站的防止效果,还介绍了较为知名的中文儿童搜索引擎"少儿信息港"和小蕃薯,最后比较了中外儿童搜索引擎的异同,对儿童搜索引擎的建设提出了参考意见。     

从"议题-决策"的视角分类研究馆务建议-以中山大学东校区图书馆为例

从"议题—决策"的视角,对中山大学图书馆2005年以来收集的馆务建议进行分类研究,形成了一个全面而又突出重点的读者建议分类体系,有利于图书馆工作决策的科学化、程序化和规范化。     

The Short-lived Bi-communal Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation

The bi-communal Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CYBC) casts its shadow to an important period of Cyprus’s modern history. Almost immediately after the establishment of the new republic, the two communities (the Greek and the Turkish-Cypriot) focused their attention towards media services and particularly the CYBC on which both sides tried to impose their own agendas. As expected, the two conflicting agendas and approaches disrupted, in practise, the smooth cooperation between the two communities in CYBC. Almost 50 years since the failure of this bi-communal endeavour, CYBC’s case study offers us a fundamental lesson. Firstly, it is clear that for such an endeavour, a constructive and focused dialog amongst all parts involved in the process is required. Additionally, CYBC’s short history demonstrates that in a multicultural environment the establishment of a public broadcasting corporation is not a purely technical or political matter, but one with broader social and cultural dimensions.