浅谈大学生利他行为的培养

利他行为是一种高级的亲社会行为,培养大学生的利他行为有助于大学生的心理健康发展,有利于和谐社会的建设.大学生利他行为的培养可从认知信念宣传、移情能力培养、技能训练、榜样树立四个方面来开展.     

初中生利他行为案例研究

利他行为本质上是一种助人行为。努力培养初中生利他行为将有利于践行社会主义核心价值观,培育良好的社会道德规范。通过理解初中生利他行为概念,分析初中生利他行为的影响因素,达到科学认识初中生利他行为的本质内涵。通过初中生利他行为案例研究,深入剖析初中生利他行为的心理变化与行为规律,帮助教师更好的担负起激发初中生利他行为的重任。     

高职"校友群体"刍议

高职枝友利他模型揭示了商业群体的心理和教育社会机制的复杂相关性,校友利他行为研究的重视,说明高职开始关注与校友建立积极的人际关系(Barrett & Radke-Yarrow,1977;Greener &Crick,1999).对高职教育而言,关系纳入的行为比传统的亲社会行为更重要.因此,从自然主体到社会主体以及行为模型三个层面调研,就可以说明淅商与教育的历史传承以及文明形态的意义所在.     

培养小学生利他行为之我见

培养小学生利他行为之我见王香香张月云利他行为是社会心理学中的一个概念，是人际交往过程中的一种特殊行为，泛指不期望他人任何回报，或获得良好印象的一种自觉无私、有助于他人和社会的行为。小学教师如能对自己的学生进行利他行为的培养，对促进小学生健全思想品格和...     

论独生子女利他行为的影响因素与培养策略

独生子女利他行为的现状不容乐观.加强独生子女利他行为的培养,无论是对独生子女自身的健康发展,还是对于和谐社会的构建,都具有十分重要的意义.本文在分析独生子女利他行为的影响因素的基础上,提出培养和促进独生子女利他行为的策略.     

怎样才能乐于助人？--利他行为影响因素实验

一、引言
　　培养儿童青少年乐于助人的品质是重要的教育目标之一。在心理学中,乐于助人的行为称为利他行为（Altruistic Behavior）。利他行为一词最早是由法国社会学创始人孔德提出,后被斯宾塞等人沿用。利他行为是出于自愿的,不期望他人任何回报或奖赏的一种自觉无私、有助于他人和社会的行为。主要包括帮助、安慰、救援、保护别人或与人分享等。从小对孩子进行利他行为的培养很有必要,有助于孩子更好地与他人进行交往,建立良好的人际关系,同时也是社会和谐发展的要求。罗森汉（Rosenhan）、康内尼（Konecni）等人分别对利他行为的影响因素进行了实验研究,结果发现诸多因素影响利他行为的发生。     

学校背景变量对大学生网络利他行为与网络行为偏好关系的影响

对33所大学的2063名大学生进行问卷调查,考察学校背景变量对大学生网络利他行为及其与网络行为偏好间关系的影响.多层线性分析结果表明:(1)大学生网络利他行为存在显著的学校差异;(2)在控制了性别和网龄之后,大学生网络行为偏好对其网络利他行为有显著的正向预测效果;(3)信息偏好对网络利他行为的影响存在显著的学校差异;(4)学校层次和学校地域对信息偏好与网络利他行为间关系的影响均不显著.     

利他行为产生的机制及对教育的促进作用

培养学生的利他行为是道德教育中的重要内容，为了有效地培养利他行为，应从心理学、神经科学视角寻找利他教育方法。共情和社会情境是影响利他行为的重要因素。人类天生具有共情的生理基础，共情促使个体做出利他行为。相互依赖的社会情境促进利他规范的形成，这些利他规范一方面会约束社会群体的行为，另一方面被内化成个体的价值观，从而影响个体的利他行为。基于此，提出利他教育应该重视四个方面：培养社会认知能力、创设社会互动的情境、重视亲子间的情绪沟通、创设相互依赖的学习情境。     

基于均衡反射场理论假设的利己行为与利他行为的经济学研究

从理性经济人假说出发,以生命本体论为基础,提出均衡反射场理论假设,试图构建一个对人类利己行为和利他行为研究的统一分析框架,随后以此分析框架对利己行为和四种利他行为进行了分析和解释,并尝试性的建立了数量表达式,最后建立了从利己行为到利他行为的完整谱系,使人类利己行为与利他行为统一于均衡反射场假说。     

中庸实践思维视角下的网络及现实利他行为比较

抽取138名被试,使用中庸实践思维量表、现实利他行为问卷和网络利他行为量表,考察现实利他行为和网络利他行为在中庸实践思维上的差异.结果发现:(1)中庸实践思维与现实利他行为和网络利他行为均存在显著正相关;(2)高中庸实践思维组在现实利他行为问卷的利他行为责任性、尊重和关心他人、利他行为表现3个维度以及现实利他行为总分显著高于低中庸实践思维组,利己行为与观念则显著低于低中庸实践思维组;(3)高中庸实践思维组在网络利他行为量表的网络支持、网络指导、网络提醒3个维度以及网络利他行为总分均显著高于低中庸实践思维组.研究表明,中庸实践思维的个体更倾向现实.     

DIRECT BEHAVIORAL CONSULTATION: EFFECTS ON TEACHERS’ PRAISE AND STUDENT DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR

Direct behavioral consultation is an extension of traditional behavioral consultation and focuses on assessment and training in the classroom during ongoing classroom activities. This study evaluated direct behavioral consultation services in two elementary alternative classrooms referred following a program evaluation in which data suggested behavior‐specific praise was not being delivered at a desired level. A multiple baseline design across classrooms was used to evaluate indirect and direct training procedures for increasing teachers’ implementation of behavior‐specific praise. Results indicated that indirect training did not result in substantial improvements in teachers’ use of behavior‐specific praise. Direct training procedures resulted in immediate increases in behavior‐specific praise for both teachers, but only one teacher maintained those increases immediately following training. For the other teacher, when performance feedback was added to direct training, increases in behavior‐specific praise were maintained. Data are also presented regarding student disruptive behavior. Results are discussed in terms of direct behavioral consultation theory and practice for educational settings.     

"组织行为学"教学中的游戏训练研究

为了研究游戏教学在组织行为学教学中的效果,在近期教学中,我们作了尝试与研究。教学实践证明,这是一种教学创新,不仅能够充分调动学生的主动性,而且能够培养学生的团队精神和协作意识,培养学生参与管理实践的能力。     

An Examination of the Sibling Training Hypothesis for Disruptive Behavior in Early Childhood

Sibling training for disruptive behavior (one sibling teaching another disruptive behavior) is examined during early childhood. We used a conservative, recently developed, statistical model to identify sibling training. Sibling training was operationalized as the cross‐lagged association between earlier child behavior and later sibling behavior, and differentiated from other reasons that contribute to sibling similarity. A three‐wave longitudinal study tracked 916 children (M_age = 3.46, SD = 2.23) in 397 families using multi‐informant data. Evidence for sibling training was found. Earlier younger siblings’ disruptive behavior predicted later lower levels of older siblings’ disruptive behavior. Thus, the sibling training found in early childhood was producing greater dissimilarity, rather than similarity, on disruptive behavior.     

大学生体育锻炼行为研究现状及方法学分析

目前国内对大学生体育锻炼行为的研究比较少,研究方法也比较单一.为了能引起专家学者对此项研究的重视,在已有文献的基础上,对大学生体育锻炼行为研究的现状及方法学进行了总结和分析,提出大学生体育锻炼行为进一步研究的必要性.     

A procedure for teaching self-recording to moderately retarded students

After briefly reviewing the topic of self-control instruction for retarded students, this article describes a self-recording training procedure. Five moderately retarded adolescents were taught to self-record a training behavior. They were then expected to generalize the self-recording behavior to idiosyncratic behaviors. Subject-observer agreement is reported, along with monitoring effect on the idiosyncratic behaviors.     

Effects of Video Interaction Guidance on early childhood teachers

An experimental study showed that a video feedback intervention improved the interaction skills of early childhood education and care teachers. The teachers who had received the Video Interaction Guidance training appeared more stimulating in their behavior, were more sensitive and more verbally stimulating than teachers from the control group. The training results were still apparent three months after the training. An analysis of the behavior of teachers at micro-level also revealed positive outcomes. These findings show that video feedback training for early childhood educators is a promising method to increase their socio-emotional support and verbal stimulation in childcare practice.     

Determining objectives: A behavior systems approach

Instructional objectives may be obtained form subject matter experts (SMEs), or they may be derived empirically form the analysis and design of behavior systems. In the latter case, instructional objectives are defined as sets of behaviors required to fulfill the overall objectives of the behavior system when these behaviors are best executed by human beings and when no humans can be found whose behavior repertoire already contains these specific behaviors. It is essential to start with a definition of systems objectives and derive these behavior specifications in the process of designing the behavior system which will fulfill these objectives. A distinction is made between educational and training objectives. Educational objectives are equated with systems objectives, and training objectives are equated with behavior components of behavior systems.     

A survey of school psychologists' preparation,participation, and perceptions related to positive behavior interventions and supports

Positive behavior interventions and supports are increasingly utilized in school systems throughout the nation, particularly the school‐wide multi‐tiered support framework. Given such trends, and the basis of these practices in psychological principles and research, it is important to identify how school psychologists are trained to contribute to such efforts, their involvement in intervention activities, and their perceptions of this approach. We surveyed a national sample of 557 school psychologists regarding their training, involvement, and perceptions of positive behavior supports. The results indicate that although most respondents had a variety of training experiences in multiple behavior‐related areas, one quarter did not report receiving any training related to school‐wide positive behavior interventions and supports (SWPBIS). Although 35% of school psychologists reported employment in schools implementing SWPBIS, these schools varied in the SWPBIS elements in place. Implications for school psychology training and practice are addressed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The Effects of Leaderless Encounter Group Experiences on Helping Skills Training

The effects of an audiotaped leaderless encounter group on training in basic helping skills were examined. Trainees undergoing the Danish and Hauer (1973) training program were assigned to a weekly encounter group or to a didactic lecture-discussion group. No changes in trainees' self-actualization, trait or state anxiety, or rated verbal helping behavior were found due to participation in the encounter group. Significant positive changes in verbal helping behavior were found for all trainees. The importance of evaluating training experiences for helpers-in-training is noted.     

论企业新进员工的培训策略

新进员工是步入职场不久的企业新生力量,其思想、行为、态度上都存在新的变化。我们应当认清新进员工的心理特征和行为特点,把握培训导向,提出有针对性的培训对策,使这些"新鲜血液"在组织运转中发挥更大的作用,从而促进企业人力资源的全面开发以及企业的持续发展。