Change and Continuity in the Singapore Literature-in-English Curriculum

This paper examines contestations over the value of Literature in the secondary school curriculum in the former British colony of Singapore and the way the Literature curriculum has been framed to understand the various issues surrounding the role of Literature education. Using Raymond Williams’ framework of dominant, residual and emergent ideologies, I show how the dominant perception of Literature study in Singapore as a decontextualised humanistic and aesthetic subject is influenced by its residual British colonial legacy. Significant official changes, fundamentally conservative, have been driven by the governing ideology of instrumental pragmatism and are tied to twin aims of economic well-being and national belonging. The conservative view of Literature education prevents the adoption of emergent views of Literature education as hybrid, multimodal and critical. A pragmatic re-evaluation of the aims of Literature education in the twenty-first century is required to regain renewed significance for the subject.     

新加坡基础教育课程改革特色及启示

随着21世纪的来临,新加坡在基础教育领域进行了彻底的改革,一系列改革措施体现了其特有的民族、文化特征,对我国有很大的启示。     

“声教南暨”——新加坡客属应新小学史略

在晚清政府提倡新学的推动下,新加坡梅州客属人士创办了新式华文学校——应新小学,并惨淡经营。进入20世纪20年代,由于华文教育中宣传民族主义,殖民地政府开始管制华文学校。到20世纪50年代中期,应新小学也得到与英文学校同等的津贴,并纳入当地政府教育体系。但由于没有社会的需要与支持,华文学校处境仍然艰难,最终导致该校停办。     

新加坡中小学公民教育特点分析

新加坡公民教育的成就是世界各国有目共睹的,本文从四个方面分析了新加坡中小学公民教育。中国与新加坡在文化渊源和社会背景上有相似之处,分析新加坡的公民素质教育对正处于转型时期的中国来说有现实的意义。     

Curriculum Continuity and Transfer from Primary to Secondary School: the case of history

The transfer of children from primary school to secondary school has long been seen as a problematic area. The National Curriculum was depicted as offering a solution to some of the transfer problems by providing for curriculum continuity across the primary-secondary divide. This paper reports the results of a study of curriculum continuity in one subject, history, now that a National Curriculum has been in place for several years. It reports that teachers continue to see problems with the transfer and that secondary school teachers still incline to a ‘fresh start’ approach to year 7 pupils. There is also some evidence of a lack of curriculum consistency within the secondary schools involved in the research, there are differences between primary and secondary schools in the range of teaching and learning methods employed, there is some decline in pupils’ ratings of their experience of secondary education across year 7 and there are signs of some gender differences in these ratings. The conclusion is that there is a case for saying that the new arrangements have not alleviated the problems associated with the transfer.     

新加坡小学数学课程实施的方法:CPA模型与"模型图"

有效的数学课程实施模型及方法是保证实现数学教育目的的重要保证.CPA模型与"模型图"是在新加坡小学数学课程实施过程中的重要模型与方法.新加坡学生在国际测试中的突出表现,可以说,从一定程度上验证了CPA模型与"模型图"的重要教育价值.关于它们是什么,怎么使用,它们的作用机制是什么等问题是值得洞察的,因为这不仅使我们理解其原理和意义,更重要的是,我们可以从中学到什么.     

The Development and Acquisition of Concepts in Primary School Children in Singapore

What follows is an account which summarises a study that took 18 months to complete and which examined concept development and acquisition in a sample of Singapore primary schoolchildren. For more details the reader is to refer to Thomas, Lee, Fam, (1984a). The broad aim of the study was to obtain baseline information on children's cognitive development mainly through the application of Piagetian tasks.     

新加坡小学分流制度及对我国民族教育的启示

新加坡小学教育阶段要进行两次分流:即小四分流与小六分流.分流后的学生分别进入三种不同语言类别的学习.分流制度有利于因材施教、提高教育质量、解决多语种教学的实际困难.但也存在学生压力过大、影响学生学习母语的热情等弊端.针对我国少数民族地区的教育实际情况,本文提出应参照新加坡的做法,对我国民族地区的小学教育开展分流教学.     

新加坡小学数学教材的特色及启示

新加坡的小学数学教材具有鲜明的特色,如:模型化方法的使用,螺旋式上升的内容编排方式,注重数学活动,注重信息技术和数学课程的整合.这些特色对中国小学数学课程教学研究有重要的启示:重视培养学生的数学问题解决能力;保持传统优势,发展"双基"教学;重视数学活动的开展.     

新加坡中小学教师评价:多层次的EPMS与晋升制度

新加坡中小学教师的评价主要可以分为两部分,一部分为增强的绩效评价制度(EPMS),另一部分为教师的晋升制度。这两种教师评价制度体现出新加坡中小学教师发展中的特色,通过探析它的教师评价制度及其评价有关的指标可为我国中小学教师的管理与考核评价带来具有可借鉴的价值意义。     

Home-Based Child Care Provider Education and Specialized Training: Associations With Caregiving Quality and Toddler Social-Emotional and Cognitive Outcomes

ABSTRACT

Research Findings: Although there has been considerable research on the associations between the qualifications of teachers in center-based settings and preschool-age children’s developmental outcomes, very little is known about the relationships between home provider qualifications and the developmental outcomes of toddlers who attend licensed family child care settings or unregulated family, friend, and neighbor care settings. Analyzing a sample of toddlers and their providers drawn from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort, we found positive relationships between home-based quality and higher education degree (defined as an associate’s degree or at least a bachelor’s degree), field of major, and coursework in early childhood education or a related field. However, provider qualifications were unrelated to children’s cognitive outcomes and related to a limited number of social-emotional outcomes. Practice or Policy: Our results suggest that as states consider the spectrum of supports needed for strengthening home-based child care in ways that facilitate responsive and developmentally supportive caregiving, strategies should include opportunities for home-based care providers to pursue higher education. A more nuanced analysis of the content and comprehensiveness of providers’ formal education is needed to better understand relationships between toddlers’ social and cognitive development and providers’ formal education.     

新加坡中小学的公民道德教育及启示

文章探讨了新加坡中小学公民道德教育的历史发展、目标与内容及方法，并从中总结出对我国道德教育具有重要借鉴意义的几点启示。     

新加坡中小学教师专业发展的策略与模式

“城市国家”新加坡的中小学教育质量享誉全球,这项殊荣的取得与其高素质的教师队伍密不可分.新加坡教师教育体系独具特色,严格的人才选拔、优质的职前培养和健全的职业路线为高水平的教师队伍奠定了基础.在此基础上,系统多样的专业发展成为新加坡中小学教师队伍建设的关键所在.教育主管部门的高度重视、专业机构的大力支持和中小学校的积极参与塑造了新加坡多元化的中小学教师专业发展模式,为新加坡教师的持续学习和专业发展提供了强劲动力.     

Continuity of School Effects: A Longitudinal Analysis of Primary and Secondary School Effects on GCSE Performance

Multilevel analyses of students' GCSE examination results (taken at age 16) are used to investigate both primary and secondary school effects on students' total performance scores and the issue of continuity of schools' effects over time. Follow‐up data for the Inner London Education Authority's Junior School Project sample, including attainment at secondary transfer (age 11) and at GCSE and details concerning students' background characteristics are analysed.

Significant school effects at both primary and secondary level and small but significant continuing effects of primary schools on later GCSE attainment are identified. The theoretical and practical significance of the results are discussed.     

Extra-Required Service: A Radical Shift in Frontline Geriatric Caregiving

Much research examines the professional nursing practices of traditional and modern caregivers, but it remains unclear whether the delivery of extra-required services is diminished as the caregiver moves from traditional to modern community. Building on the classical works of sociologists Ferdinand Tonnies, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim, this paper discusses traditional and modern caregiver practices to see whether extra-required services are currently being offered in city-based care settings. Using data from a purposive sample of 21 registered nurses and nursing assistants at six long-term care centers in the cities of Toronto, Ontario; Miami, Florida; and New York, New York, this paper examines registered nurses' (RNs') traditional and modern caregiving practices. Findings suggest that extra-required services are more richly provided in traditional communities than in urban city settings. Differences exist in both the form and extent of delivering extra caregiving services in the two types of settings. Implications of these finding are discussed relative to recruitment of foreign nurses.