Argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness as a function of locus of control

This study examined argumentativeness, verbal aggressiveness, and general control expectancies. Two hundred ten (N=210) participants completed the Argumentativeness Scale, the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale, and a modified version of the Three‐Factor Locus of Control Scale. Results indicate that individuals who reportan internal control orientation were found toreport lower levels of argument avoidance than externals. Externals reported higher levels of verbal aggressiveness than internals. Further, an external locus of control orientation was positively related to verbal aggressiveness. Internal locus of control orientation was negatively related to tendency to avoid arguments. The findings provide further evidence into the relationship between control expectancies and aggressive communication traits.     

数字知识环境下的健康信息素养教育和健康信息服务——医学图书馆员的新使命

文章在阐述健康素养和健康信息素养内涵的基础上,全面探讨了美国和英国医学图书馆员在为医务人员和公众进行健康信息素养教育和提供健康信息服务所采取的有效措施。他们主要发挥了以下作用。1）可以对医务人员进行健康信息素养培训,一为医务人员提供优质的信息资源以及开发新的医学信息资源。2）可以促进医务人员与公众和患者的交流和沟通;开发新技术促进公众对健康信息资源的利用。5）可帮助政府制定积极的卫生政策,促进公众健康素养的提升。     

基于扎根理论的个体医疗健康信息源选择行为影响因素研究

[目的/意义]对公众的医疗健康信息源选择行为影响因素进行调查和分析,不仅有助于为国内医疗健康信息资源建设提供针对性依据,也有助于对公众的医疗健康信息获取提供高效服务。[方法/过程]运用扎根理论方法,对38名普通个体的医疗健康信息源选择行为的访谈文本进行分析,包括开放式编码、主轴编码、选择性编码及理论模型构建4个阶段。[结果/结论]研究发现个体的医疗健康信息源选择行为影响因素主要包括个体状态-动机因素、感知质量因素、关系结构因素以及信息源运行水平因素,最终构建了一个综合的个体医疗健康信息源选择行为影响因素的理论模型。     

医学院校文献检索课程对医生信息素养的影响

目前国内各大医学院校均开设了医学信息检索的相关课程,这不但显著提高了医学院校学生的信息能力,也满足了循证医学对医务人员综合能力提出的更高要求.鉴于临床医生所具备的信息素养大部分来自于医学院各阶段的检索课程,因此通过调查他们的检索行为及信息利用情况,可以检验其信息素养与所接受检索教育之间的关系.利用问卷及访谈等方式,以北京市4家医院的80位临床医生为调查对象,分析并说明医生的检索教育背景对其临床综合信息能力的影响,同时为医学院校检索课程的建设与完善提供一定的参考.     

Older adults' health information behavior in everyday life settings

Health information seeking is an important part of older adults' everyday lives as they cope with their health conditions. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 21 older adults in the United States were analyzed using Savolainen's everyday life information seeking (ELIS) model, especially its key concepts such as way of life and mastery of life. The interview data revealed that except for health care providers, a spouse or partner was mentioned as a credible interpersonal source of health information among older adults in a marital or romantic relationship. Characteristics of older adults' health information behavior in the ELIS context were identified based on types of way of life and mastery of life. For example, those who had more varied types of hobbies, including cognitive, affective, and social hobbies, were exposed to diverse people as they performed their daily routine, potentially resulting in different sources of useful health information. In couple relationships, those with an optimistic as opposed to pessimistic attitude toward a problem-solving situation played the information provider role rather than information receiver role.     

Helping Public Library Patrons Find Medical Information-The Reference Interview

Abstract

Public libraries are often the first access point for additional information resources on health and medical topics. We, as librarians, must be aware of our role in the information seeking process, and communicate with the patron effectively in order to direct them to appropriate resources. Particular attention must be given in the reference interview, including adequate follow-up support and consideration for protecting confidentiality. This paper discusses elements of the reference interview and describes measures that can be taken to avoid personal liability while directing patrons to health information resources.     

患者信息搜寻行为的调查分析

探讨医疗服务市场中信息搜寻行为的特性,研究患者在医疗服务市场中进行信息搜寻的成本、搜寻次数以及搜寻结果并讨论造成现状的原因。方法：主要从患者的角度,运用搜寻理论及有关方法,通过设计问卷,进行实地调查,分析信息非对称状态下的患者在就医过程中获取信息的途径、方法、时间等。结果：患者对健康信息的渴求与成本投入之间存在很大差异;患者在就医过程中存在一定盲目性;患者对于医疗质量信息的需求量大但不足。结论：患者通过网络等对健康知识的搜寻最有必要,通过医务工作者或者医院的网络平台是获得就医信息、增加医疗服务收益的最佳途径。     

常态化疫情防控下个人电子健康档案建设:问题与措施

电子健康档案是个人健康管理、医疗诊断、临床治疗的重要依据,其规范建设是推动我国国民健康和医疗卫生发展的重要手段之一。通过阐释电子健康档案内涵,梳理国内外个人电子健康档案建设概况,揭示常态化疫情防控背景下个人电子健康档案建设的意义及存在问题,提出加强制度保障、宣传教育、技术维护、自我管理等常态化措施,为实现健康中国战略提供信息基石。     

从中美电子病历标准的比较看中国电子病历标准的发展和完善

标准化的电子病历是现代医疗机构所必需的重要临床信息资源,也是居民健康档案的主要信息来源。本文在借鉴美国电子病历标准基础上,对中美电子病历标准化的发展历史、现状和内容等进行分析比较,找出我国电子病历标准化存在的问题和解决方案,使我国的电子病历标准建设走向更加健康和规范的道路。     

Monitoring or avoiding health information--the relation to inner inclination and health status

Background: The way a person responds to health information, for instance by actively seeking it out or avoiding it, is an important part of overall coping with health issues. This study starts from the assumption that there are individual differences in information behaviour in charged contexts such as when faced with the stress and anxiety of compromised health. Objective: To shed light on mechanisms through which personal characteristics (locus of control) and world views (sense of coherence) influence health information interest and health information seeking in relation to health status. Method: The methods used in this study are quantitative. The material consists of data procured via a postal survey, which was posted to a representative sample group consisting of 2500 Finnish citizens aged 18–65 years. The statistical analysis consists of F‐tests for means, frequency analyses and cross tab‐analyses (chi‐square and Goodman–Kruskal gamma). Results: Persons with perceived health problems are comparatively more characterised by external locus of control and by lower motivation to act on health issues. Conclusion: More research is needed before these complex relationships are fully understood. However, the results of this study show that internal locus of control entails high interest in, and low avoidance of, health information.     

不同情境下老年人对健康信息源的选择差异研究

[目的/意义] 揭示老年人健康信息源选择因情境不同而存在的差异,为助力图书情报机构更好地开展面向老年人的健康信息服务提供理论依据和对策建议。[方法/过程] 参考信息源视野理论对信息源的分类,采用访谈法,分析老年人在处理健康危险状况、参与医疗决策、改变或预防不良健康行为这3种不同健康情境下获取健康信息的信息源选择差异,并结合人口学特征探究老年人在信息源选择数量上的群体间差异。[结果/结论] 研究结果表明：①3种情境下,组织信息源和人际信息源均是老年人主要使用的信息源;②随着年龄的增长,老年人对人际信息源的依赖性逐渐增加;③3种情境下老年人对网络信息源、印刷信息源的使用程度都不高;④不同文化水平和自评经济状况的老年人群在信息源选择数量上存在明显差异,其中文化水平造成的差异在3种情境中均有体现,自评经济状况造成的差异体现在参与医疗决策和处理健康危险境况两种情境中。     

论医学学术期刊的健康传播作用

医学学术期刊是健康传播的一种方式,对传播和交流学术思想、沟通情报信息、推动医学学科的发展有重要意义,但是,医学学术期刊的健康传播过程也存在信息的选择方式较传统、出版时滞长、表现形式单一和受众面相对小等问题.医学编辑应该努力提高专业素养,提高稿件处理效率并不断学习大众媒体多样化的表现手法,以更好地发挥医学学术期刊的健康传播作用.     

风险认知视域下社交媒体用户健康信息规避行为生成机理研究

［目的/意义］ 探索风险认知视域下社交媒体用户健康信息规避行为的生成要素及内在机理,为社交媒体的健康信息服务和用户的健康管理决策提供科学指导。［方法/过程］ 基于刺激-反应-机体（S-O-R）理论和风险信息搜寻与加工模型（RISP）,对风险认知视域下社交媒体用户健康信息规避行为的感知过程及影响要素进行分析,从关注诱发、态势感知、情绪发酵、统觉控制4个阶段,构建社交媒体用户健康信息规避行为的生成机理模型。［结果/结论］ 阐释风险认知视域下社交媒体用户健康信息规避行为生成要素之间的逻辑关联,揭示要素与各阶段机理的内在关系,提出社交媒体用户健康信息规避行为管理策略。     

安徽省卫生信息管理专业人才的需求与培养

分析了我国卫生信息化建设发展形势和安徽省卫生信息管理专业本科生培养现状,并从招生情况、课程设置和毕业生流向等方面提出了进一步加强卫生信息管理人才培养和为医疗卫生信息化建设专业人才建制设岗的建议。     

用户视角下网络健康信息质量评价标准框架构建研究

[目的/意义]探索用户视角下的网络健康信息质量评价指标,构建其评价标准框架。[方法/过程]选取年轻用户和中老年用户为样本,三个健康网站为实验对象,采用实验法和半结构化访谈法探索并构建网络健康信息质量评价标准框架,并使用问卷调查法对其进行修正和完善。[结果/结论]构建了由内容和设计两个一级指标及七个二级指标、七个三级指标组成的评价标准框架,并且发现不同性别和年龄的群体对网络健康信息质量评价标准有所差异。最后从健康网站本身、普通消费者、网络监管机构和医学领域工作者四方面提出相应的建议,以有助于健康信息网站的建设和网络健康信息质量的提高。     

医疗保健信息的职业搜寻行为

医疗保健信息体量巨大、增长迅速,且用户需求多样,是医学信息资源和用户行为研究的热点领域。文章 采用文本分析等内容分析方法对1980—2015年的101篇主要相关研究文献进行梳理,论述医疗保健信息搜寻行为在需 求类型和寻求障碍的表现,并且发现搜寻者个人、情境、信息资源等因素对职业信息搜寻皆有影响,指出医疗保健信 息搜寻行为研究主要集中在基本情况的研究方面,而在改善信息质量、信息寻求困难问题方面研究不足,这将对于我 国医疗保健信息领域的理论研究维度和实践解决方案有所启示。     

在线健康社区老年用户健康信息需求实证研究

[目的/意义] 目前老年用户在使用健康信息的过程中得不到满足，且有关老年用户健康信息需求的研究尚有待加强。探索老年用户健康信息需求的内容和模型并寻求相关解决途径，可丰富老年用户健康信息需求的理论研究成果，并在实践中指导老龄化社会智慧养老以及在线医疗平台服务等议题。[方法/过程] 本研究依托在线健康社区，利用先定性后定量的混合型方法开展探索性研究，首先通过访谈老年用户获取了37个健康信息需求的自由节点，继而通过问卷调研并利用因子分析方法提取了使用操作、信息搜寻、隐私与安全、诊疗行为、交互与反馈、自我实现6大类健康信息需求的树节点并进一步归纳为物理、认知和情感3类主范畴。[结果/结论] 最终构建了老年用户健康信息需求模型，并结合马斯洛需求层次理论解释老年用户健康信息需求模型的内涵并提出相应的对策和建议。     

Assessing communication competence in the primary care medical interview

The purpose of this paper is to present preliminary results of a language‐based coding system to analyze physician‐patient communication. This system is grounded in the framework of Cegala and Waldron's (1992) context‐based model of communication competence which reflects the sequential development of talk as primary to definitions of competence. Given a review of the model and identification of information exchange and relational development as the primary tasks in the medical interview, two research questions were advanced to test a coding scheme. Based on the notion that aligning one's utterances to meet self‐ and other‐goals relates to communication competence, the coding scheme was developed to include message content, function, and uptake. Frequency results showed that 32 physician‐patient dyads produced 10, 958 coded utterances. Physicians and patients contributed relatively equal numbers of units. The frequencies of each category and exploratory sequential patterns relating to competence are summarized along with a discussion of the limitations of the analytical system. Overall, the code system provided new information on content, uptake, and sequential patterns of information exchange previously unavailable from published coding scheme results. Yet, the present scheme needs to be refined to produce output that more readily identifies competent and less competent interactions. These results and issues are placed in the context of an ongoing, larger research program on communication competence in the primary care interview.     

基于引文网络的医学各学科间知识流动的规律与启示

以CNKI引文数据库医药卫生专题下的数据为研究对象,利用社会网络分析方法,分析了我国医学领域内的知识交流特点。结果表明：临床医学的知识流入量和知识流出量都位居第一,是知识交流网络中的核心;基础医学是其他医学学科的理论基础,属于医学网络中的重要知识源;中医学与外科学及其他临床类学科的交流密切;在跨学科医学研究中肿瘤学表现得比较活跃;口腔医学和精神病学在知识交流网络中与其他学科的交流较少,是独立性较强的两个学科。利用这些特点开展学科信息推送服务,可提高信息服务的针对性,加速不同医学学科间的知识交流,推动医学领域内的跨学科合作研究。     

Qualitative analysis of parents' information needs and psychosocial experiences when supporting children with health care needs

OBJECTIVE: To identify the information needs of parents of children with health care needs. METHODS: A series of three focus groups and one in-depth interview were held with parents (n = 10, 90% female) in Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK. RESULTS: Findings were grouped into four themes: delivery of information; levels of support; relationship between the family and professional; and management of events. Parents expressed a preference for information to be delivered on a verbal, 'one-to-one' basis by a professional, supplemented by accessible, written reference materials. The provision of a contact telephone number for a named professional, so further information could be obtained when required, was identified as a key source of support. Participants emphasized the importance of being consulted about the care of their child, the interaction between professional and child, and also of being treated as an individual by the professional. CONCLUSIONS: Delivery of information to parents may be most effective on a verbal, 'one-to-one' basis with a professional, in conjunction with written accessible general and child-specific reference materials. The importance to parents of the provision of contact details for a named professional and specialist nurse support is also emphasized. The psychosocial experiences of parents, along with the impact of the relationship between family and professional, and requirement for good channels of communication, must be taken into account by professionals during the care of children with health care needs. These findings have important implications for professionals and service providers for the future delivery of information to parents of children with health care needs.