涵化理论的新进展:作为方法论的直觉加工模型

直觉加工模型是涵化理论的最新发展成果之一,然而这一成果并未得到国内学界的足够关注。本文首先对涵化理论的基本主张及其缺陷进行简要的回顾,并以此为基础对施拉姆(L.J.Shrum)等人于2002年提出的直觉加工模型进行介绍。我们还进一步分析了该模型的心理学假设,并结合现有心理学研究成果分析了有可能导致该模型发挥效用的多个关键因素以及其运用前景。最后,我们在此基础上提出了一系列尚待实证研究探讨并回答的问题。     

A Model for Quantitatively Analyzing Representations of Social Class in Screen Media

Content analyses of prime-time television provide a picture of predominant cultural stereotypes and social trends. The present research is a quantitative content analysis of social class in popular broadcast and cable television in the United States. This research advances scholarship by systematically analyzing character class in addition to more commonly examined variables such as race and gender. A model for the operationalization of class for quantitative content analyses of mediated texts is offered. This proof of concept study demonstrates the viability of studying media representations of class quantitatively to systematically document patterns of portrayal.     

Group and individual accuracy in deception detection

Previous research examining the accuracy of deception detection judgments by individuals has concluded that the ability to detect deception is only slightly better than chance. Research has also found that individuals tend to be over‐confident, truth‐biased, and reliant on nonverbal behavior when making veracity judgments. This study (N = 129) tested if differences in deception detection accuracy, truth‐bias, judgmental confidences, and self‐reported cue reliance exist between individual judges and groups of individuals working in collaboration. No significant differences between groups and individuals emerged for accuracy, truth‐bias, or self‐reported cue reliance. Individuals within groups, however, were significantly more confident in their decisions than individuals working alone.     

风险的呈现及其隐匿——从“太湖水污染”报道看环境风险的媒体建构

本文以媒体建构论为理论框架,对六家报纸2007年太湖水污染报道进行内容分析,从消息来源、报道主题、风险归因方式及报道立场等方面考察媒体如何报道与呈现相关环境风险。研究发现,不同类型媒体在消息来源与风险归因方式上不存在显著差异,均高度依赖政府信源,存在简单化归因倾向;但在报道主题和报道立场上存在显著差异,当地媒体在政府主导型的报道框架下表现出明显的负面新闻正面报道的宣传逻辑。     

The Desire for Fame: An Extension of Uses and Gratifications Theory

Social network sites (SNSs) enable users to self-disclose to broad and anonymous audiences. Drawing on social cognitive theory (SCT) and the uses and gratifications (U&G) approach, this study investigates how reality television (RTV) cultivates desire for fame in its audience, which is operationalized as a human desire motivating nondirected self-disclosure (NDSD) online, a technique seeking fame. Results from an online survey (N = 221) show that whether watching RTV with friends interacted with time spent viewing RTV to affect desire for fame, which in turn affected the use of SNSs to pursue fame. In addition, exhibitionism, a motive of SNS use for the purpose of fame, fully mediated the relationship between desire for fame and NDSD. These results have implications for refining U&G and new media research.     

内容分析法在图书情报领域中的应用与展望

内容分析法是一种以定性研究为基础的定量研究方法，它的引入对图书情报学的发展具有重大意义。论文介绍了内容分析法应用于图书情报学的哲学基础、必要性、应用步骤和应注意的问题，并展望了其在图书情报领域的应用前景。     

国内十所高校跨校区分馆建设情况调查分析

采用问卷调查法,从分校区的规模和定位、分馆的基础设施建设、文献信息资源建设、服务方式、管理与人员配备等5个方面对国内10所高校跨校区分馆建设情况进行调查研究,总结出可借鉴的经验,为其他面临新校区分馆建设的高校提供决策支持。     

我国图书情报界电子商务研究论文统计分析

在搜集整理相关数据的基础上,分析了图书情报领域电子商务研究论文的产生年代、单位、核心期刊和内容,具体描述了几个与图书情报专业结合密切的主题的研究情况,提出了该领域电子商务研究的另外一些研究方向。     

2010年的传媒经济研究:跨界与整合

本文对2010年传媒经济研究的期刊文献做了内容分析、社会网络分析与文献分析,以定性定量相结合的方法综述和分析了传媒经济的研究领域、研究热点与研究突破。     

Shark Week and the Rise of Infotainment in Science Documentaries

This study used content analysis to determine if the Discovery Channel's Shark Week incorporated more elements of science or entertainment frames after partnering with ocean conservation organizations in 2010. Drawing on cultivation and framing theories, and discussing the rise of infotainment in science communication, the study determined that the Discovery Channel did incorporate more science frames after 2010 but continued to depict sharks primarily as violent killers.     

The Representation of Altruistic and Egoistic Motivations in Popular Music over 60 Years

Content analyses examining the values expressed in popular music have been predominantly ad hoc, limited to antisocial themes, and lacking a comprehensive theoretical coding scheme. We applied a content analytic scheme based in the model of intuitive morality and exemplars (MIME) to examine altruistic and egoistic values in popular music over 60 years. Findings show (a) more frequent representation of egoistic than altruistic motivations, and (b) the profusion of egoistic motivations focused mostly on romantic (in adult-targeted music) but also platonic (in child-targeted music) relationships.     

Powerless Language in Health Media: The Influence of Biological Sex and Magazine Type on Health Language

Powerless language influences how media consumers perceive the believability and trustworthiness of news sources. Past studies have suggested females use more powerless language, which can negatively influence credibility. However, previous research also suggests powerless language may be preferred in certain contexts. To investigate powerless language use in written health media, a content analysis investigated health-related articles in issues of 12 magazines between October 2008 and September 2009. Analysis compared differences in powerless language frequencies relative to three variables: biological sex of the author, biological sex of the audience, and the magazine's overall topic focus. Female authors and health-focused magazines used more powerless language than male authors and generic-focused magazines, and powerless language was more often directed towards a female audience than a male audience.     

若干国家和地区图书馆协会隐私政策的内容分析

图书馆素有保护用户隐私权的历史,许多国家和地区的图书馆协会伦理准则也确认了对这种权利的支持,而且还制定了隐私政策。但是图书馆协会隐私政策的具体内容尚不清楚。该文以Pnina Shachaf教授对伦理准则的内容分析为基础,调研了在伦理准则中提到隐私原则的国家和地区图书馆协会的隐私政策,通过内容分析法考察隐私政策的描述性特征、政策的可读性和政策的内容。图书馆协会隐私政策中最经常提到的内容类别包括实施和救济,选择和同意;不经常出现的内容类别依次是通知和开放,用户访问,信息安全,隐私政策的实施以及特殊群体或活动的隐私。希望通过这些图书馆协会隐私政策的内容分析,对我国内地制定图书馆隐私政策有所启示。     

Social and Evolutionary Explanations for Face-ism: Facial Prominence in Female Academic Profile Pictures

Face-ism describes a phenomenon in which men are presented with more facial prominence in images than are women. Previous theorists have ascribed this phenomenon to social causes. However, occurrence of face-ism across historical and cultural contexts suggests the possibility of biological influence. The current study aimed to explore face-ism through the intersection of social influence and biological factors via the investigation of photographs of women of different ages and social standing within the context of academia. Results show that graduate students displayed the face less prominently than both tenured and nontenured faculty. Additionally, younger women displayed the face less prominently than older women.     

Vocal and visual cue training in behavioral lie detection

The present study tested the effect of training observers to detect deception using different behavioral cues. Participants were trained to detect deception using either:(1) vocal‐only cues, (2) visual‐only cues, or (3) a combination of vocal and visual cues. A fourth group of observers did not receive any training and served as a control. Results indicated that trained observers were more successful than untrained observers in detecting deceptive communication. More specifically, observers trained to use either visual or both visual and vocal cues were more accurate detectors of deception than untrained naive observers. No differences were found between training conditions with respect to determining the veracity of truthful communication.     

当代西方公共广播电视体制的基本类型

当代西方诸国公共广播电视经营机构一方面依法独立运行 ,普遍地具有一系列共同的基本特征 ;另一方面由于同社会众基本政治力量结成不同的政治调控关系 ,而形成彼此相异的体制类型 ,主要有国有公营型、国有国会主导型、社会联合公营型和国有政府主导型等。     

Competition and the decline in Western television program popularity in Indonesia during the 1990s

Despite the country's population base of 240 million, Indonesian television has not been widely explored in academic and professional venues. This paper examines the impact of competition on the popularity of foreign programs in the Indonesian market during the mid-1990s. Analyzing recently released ratings data from a television ratings service, this paper suggests that competition has given rise to the popularity of local programs, while foreign program popularity has declined steeply during the same three year period. The findings also suggest that cultural proximity is a factor of the popularity of programs. By 1997, Asian programs outnumbered Western programs on the top 100 highest rated program lists in Indonesia. We explore implications of study findings for filling this void in the literature.     

广播电视大学图书馆数字化建设的实践与探索

数字化图书馆的建立和使用已成为适应时代发展的迫切需求，广播电视大学图书馆要更好地利用数字化图书馆便捷的网络资源，为开放教育师生服务。     

新闻传播教育的若干核心问题--对国外20所新闻传播院系的调研报告

本文是对国外20所新闻传播院系的院长、系主任和教授的系列深度访谈的归纳和总结。探讨主题包括新闻传播的社会功能与新闻传播教育的使命、本科硕士博士三个层次教育的培养目标与培养模式、师资结构及其评价体系。基本结论为:新闻传播教育的最终使命是培养有社会责任感的新闻传播工作者,而学生培养模式和师资结构当适应培养目标。     

论档案数据库开发与建设中的著作权问题

文章首先对档案数据库的总体概况进行阐述．并分析档案数据库开发与建设过程中的著作权保护现状以及目前我国档案数据库建设的优劣势。最后．提出优化档案数据库著作权保护的一些措施．希望能为我国档案数据库建设的不断完善和发展提供可执行的办法。