An Erosion Model of Employee Turnover Based on Network Centrality

An Erosion Model (EM) of employee turnover is introduced to explain the previously observed negative relationship between network centrality and employee turnover. The EM hypothesizes that social support moderates the centrality–turnover relation as those more active in the organization's social network experience less job strain due to esteem provided by work peers. Three EM hypotheses were supported using meta-analytic procedures with significant relations identified between centrality and turnover (k=5, r=.29), social support and centrality (k=7, r=.23), and social support and turnover intentions (k=17, r=.35). Future research for EM expansion and practical applications are proposed.     

An integrated model of workload,autonomy, burnout,job satisfaction,and turnover intention among Taiwanese reporters

This study examines the relationships among workload, news autonomy, burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among Taiwanese reporters. Results of a survey of 1,099 reporters indicate that workload and news autonomy were significantly associated with burnout. In addition, burnout was found to be negatively related to job satisfaction, which in turn had a significant effect on turnover intention. The results not only highlight the important role of workload and news autonomy in predicting burnout, but also extend previous research on journalist burnout by showing that job satisfaction acts as a mediator in the relationship between burnout and turnover intention.     

An evaluation of information behaviour studies through the Scholarly Capital Model

Influence and capital are two concepts used to evaluate scholarly outputs, and these can be measured using the Scholarly Capital Model as a modelling tool. The tool looks at the concepts of connectedness, venue representation, and ideational influence using centrality measures within a social network. This research used co‐authorships and h‐indices to investigate authors who have published papers in the field of information behaviour between 1980 and 2015 as extracted from Web of Science. The findings show a relationship between the authors’ connectedness and the venue (journal) representation. It could be seen that the venue (journal) influences the chance of citation, and equally, the prestige (centrality) of authors probably raises the citations of the journals. The research also shows a significant positive relationship between the venue representation and ideational influence. This means that a research work that is published in a highly cited journal will find more visibility and will receive more citations.     

A STUDY OF AGE AND TENURE AS IT PERTAINS TO JOB SATISFACTION

Over the past 15 years, an understanding of the dimensions of job satisfaction has become recognized as a significant factor for the effective management of many occupational groups. As librarians continue to turn their attention toward managerial issues, it is important that job satisfaction be studied within the context of the profession. The purpose of this study is twofold. (1) to review both essays and empirical research that pertain to the management of librarians, and (2) to describe an empirical study that analyzes the relationship between age, tenure, and job satisfaction for a sample of 64 professional librarians. The results revealed that the librarians studied experienced relatively constant levels of job satisfaction across three different age and tenure categories. The primary job dissatisfaction noted related to age and satisfaction with supervision and co-workers.     

基于SNA国内阅读推广领域作者合作关系研究

[目的/意义]研究国内阅读推广领域内的论文合著情况,寻找作者之间的合作关系,并深入研究作者间的潜在合作关系,以期推动阅读推广领域的合作研究。[方法/过程]在外在合作关系的研究方面,基于社会网络分析法对合作网络进行节点中心性测度,从点度中心性、接近中心性、中间中心性3个属性出发,对国内阅读推广领域内作者之间合作关系进行系统分析;在潜在合作关系研究层面,采用TF-IDF关键词加权的作者关键词耦合强度算法,对核心作者群122名作者的潜在合作关系进行挖掘,同时使用UCINET和NETDRAW软件对关系网络进行分析。[结果/结论]揭示国内阅读推广领域作者现存合作关系网络特点,验证该领域合作仍存在潜力,为领域内作者合作方向提供新思路,推动更高质量研究成果的产出。     

Information adequacy,job satisfaction and organizational culture in a dispersed‐network organization

This investigation examined the relationship of information adequacy to job satisfaction and organizational culture in a healthcare organization with both office and field personnel. Information adequacy was assessed in four areas: personal performance, organizational policies, organizational performance, and organizational objectives. Comparisons of field and office personnel indicated that they did not differ on information adequacy or job satisfaction; they did, however, differ on several dimensions of organizational culture. Also, the relationship of information inadequacy to job satisfaction and organizational culture differed for employees depending on whether they worked primarily in the field or primarily in the office. Implications of the findings are drawn for organizations with a dispersed‐network structure.     

基于结构洞的科研团队隐性知识共享效果测度研究

以社会网络结构（网络密度、结构洞与网络桥和网络中心性）与社会网络互动（交流频度、亲密程度、联系强度）为测度指标,探讨培训、完全导师制、虚拟网络式和学习型社区4种不同的共享模式对高校科研团队隐性知识共享这种实践性、内隐性和复杂性较强的共享的影响。
     

高校图书馆员情绪劳动与工作满意的关系模式与实证

[目的/意义]探究高校图书馆员情绪劳动与工作满意之间的关系模式,以期为高校图书馆工作规划和实施人力资源管理提供参考。[方法/过程]通过理论分析和结构方程模型分析,探讨浅层扮演、深层扮演和中性调节3种情绪劳动策略对工作内在满意与外在满意的影响及作用机制。[结果/结论]研究结果显示：高校图书馆员采取浅层扮演策略对其内在、外在工作满意有显著负向影响,采取深层扮演策略和中性调节策略则对其工作内在满意有显著正向影响,而与其工作外在满意之间关系不明显。     

Predicting Employee Turnover from Friendship Networks

Employees (n=40) at a fast-food restaurant were surveyed about characteristics of their position and their level of satisfaction. Employees were then asked to report with whom they regularly communicated inside and outside the workplace and to indicate how close they were to employees with whom they were linked. Employee turnover was measured after three months had elapsed. A goal of the research was to replicate a model of employee turnover that predicts employees more central in their social network to be less likely to leave, and to test a social support explanation of the centrality model. The results indicated that employees who reported a greater number of out-degree links with friends were less likely to leave. The number of in-degree links with friends did not significantly predict turnover, and neither did network links with peers. Friendship prestige, measured by the number of in-degree links, was strongly correlated with relational closeness and amount of time spent with employees outside the workplace.     

Predicting Employee Turnover from Friendship Networks

Employees (n=40) at a fast-food restaurant were surveyed about characteristics of their position and their level of satisfaction. Employees were then asked to report with whom they regularly communicated inside and outside the workplace and to indicate how close they were to employees with whom they were linked. Employee turnover was measured after three months had elapsed. A goal of the research was to replicate a model of employee turnover that predicts employees more central in their social network to be less likely to leave, and to test a social support explanation of the centrality model. The results indicated that employees who reported a greater number of out-degree links with friends were less likely to leave. The number of in-degree links with friends did not significantly predict turnover, and neither did network links with peers. Friendship prestige, measured by the number of in-degree links, was strongly correlated with relational closeness and amount of time spent with employees outside the workplace.     

The Rate and Delay in Overload: An Investigation of Communication Overload and Channel Synchronicity on Identification and Job Satisfaction

This study investigates the relationship between communication overload and uses of diverse communication channels in terms of their level of synchronicity. Emphasis on the synchronicity of any given channel reveals how temporal elements (i.e., rate and processing time) play an important role in perceptions of communication load. Additionally, this study examines the association between communication overload, organizational identification and job satisfaction. Findings reveal: (a) both high and low synchronous channels are associated with increased reports of communication overload; (b) a mediating effect of organizational identification on the relationship between communication overload and job satisfaction; and (c) a moderating effect of communication overload on the relationship between low synchronous channels and organizational identification.     

Job Satisfaction among Librarians in English-Language Universities in Quebec

Spector's Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) was used to measure the job satisfaction of librarians in the three English-language universities in the Province of Quebec, Canada (Bishop's, Concordia, and McGill). A total of 81 responses (74.3%) were analyzed. The results show that although librarians working in these institutions are generally satisfied, they are dissatisfied with communication and operating procedures. The relationship between job satisfaction and demographic characteristics, such as gender, age, academic rank, and tenure status, were also explored and compared with previous research findings.     

微博用户关注兴趣的社会网络分析

以新浪微博为研究平台,随机抽取部分用户及其关注对象数据作为研究样本,通过共链关系建立社会网络结构,利用社会网络分析并辅以聚类分析方法对该样本进行整体网络分析、内部子结构分析和角色位置分析,进而从微博关注数据中挖掘用户关注对象的分布及对象间的关联性,并对改进目前的微博关注推荐提出一些建议。     

Brand’s Social Media Presence as Networks: The Role of Interactivity and Network Centrality on Engagement

Despite ample research on brand engagement via social media, little research considers the aggregate effect of multiple same-brand accounts on engagement. Multiple same-brand accounts are common because they allow brands to extend their reach, tailor their messaging, and cross-promote their products/services. Therefore, this study tests whether interaction between same-brand social media accounts and centrality within same-brand conversational networks is related to user engagement. An analysis of 3,380 brand accounts found that after controlling for interactions with users, interactions between brand accounts contributed significantly to user engagement and that account centrality measures were associated with measures of engagement.     

我国智慧政府信息协同网络结构识别与分析

智慧政府是电子政务的下一代更迭,受到各国的广泛关注。智慧政府可以通过各部门间的信息协同提升城市运行管理的效率。当前对智慧政府信息协同的研究主要集中于研究智慧政府信息协同的机制,少有对智慧政府信息协同网络结构现状进行识别与分析的研究。本文采用命名实体识别的方法基于目标数据源(智慧政府相关政策文件)中识别出的中国智慧政府信息协同网络的节点(政府部门)数据及节点关系(各个政府部门间的信息协同关系)数据,得到中国智慧政府信息协同网络结构,并对这些数据进行可视化处理。在此基础上采用社会网络分析中的度中心性方法,把各个节点按其对整个网络影响力的强弱排序;采用k-plex分析方法,识别出对整个网络具有较强影响力的节点。研究结果显示,中国智慧政府信息协同网络共包含34个节点和355组节点关系。在节点中,国务院节点对整个网络的影响力最强,中国气象局节点对整个网络的影响力最弱。在节点关系中,国家发展和改革委员会节点与国务院节点间的节点关系对整个网络具有较强的影响力,像这样具有较强影响力的节点关系共28组。本研究得到的结果可用来指导今后中国智慧政府信息协同网络优化与发展的侧重方向。     

基于对应分析的用户与标签间偏好关系研究

［目的/意义］用户认知能够影响客观知识之间潜在的关联关系,研究Folksonomy模式中用户与标签之间的偏好关系有助于揭示认知与知识之间的互动关系及其模式规律,并为人文因素影响下的知识组织提供参考。［方法/过程］基于标签与用户的隶属关系构建“标签-用户”2-模网络,采用多变量的对应分析方法,基于联合空间距离位置对用户与标签间的偏好关系进行分析。［结果/结论］研究表明,用户与标签的偏好关系与联合空间中的位置和2-模网络的中心度具有相关性,在偏好问题上不会有群体极化现象发生,群体决策的科学性得以保障。     

组织内非正式网络中心性对隐性知识共享的影响研究

针对广泛存在于各种类型组织内的非正式网络,对非正式网络进行界定,阐述其与正式网络之间的关系,并从网络中心性的角度分别探讨非正式网络点度中心性、中介中心性和接近中心性对组织内隐性知识共享的影响。最后以一家高新技术企业研发部门内的非正式网络为例,利用社会网络分析方法对非正式网络中心性对组织内隐性知识共享的影响进行实证研究。     

The Relationship Between Trait Affect and Job Attitudes in Library Employees

This research explores the relationship between employees’ disposition and several important job attitudes. Dispositional affect is a personality trait that describes people's emotional responses to situations. This study explored how affective disposition influences the job attitudes of work engagement, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. Data were collected from a sample of librarians, and the results show that affective disposition strongly predicted the three job attitudes in the expected directions. The findings contribute to knowledge of the role of personality in the workplace and provide guidance for library managers on how best to facilitate positive job attitudes.     

Co-mention network of R packages: Scientific impact and clustering structure

Despite its rising position as a first-class research object, scientific software remains a marginal object in studies of scholarly communication. This study aims to fill the gap by examining the co-mention network of R packages across all Public Library of Science (PLoS) journals. To that end, we developed a software entity extraction method and identified 14,310 instances of R packages across the 13,684 PLoS journal papers mentioning or citing R. A paper-level co-mention network of these packages was visualized and analyzed using three major centrality measures: degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and PageRank. We analyzed the distributive patterns of R packages in all PLoS papers, identified the top packages mentioned in these papers, and examined the clustering structure of the network. Specifically, we found that the discipline and function of the packages can partly explain the largest clusters. The present study offers the first large-scale analysis of R packages’ extensive use in scientific research. As such, it lays the foundation for future explorations of various roles played by software packages in the scientific enterprise.     

Betweenness centrality as a driver of preferential attachment in the evolution of research collaboration networks

We analyze whether preferential attachment in scientific coauthorship networks is different for authors with different forms of centrality. Using a complete database for the scientific specialty of research about “steel structures,” we show that betweenness centrality of an existing node is a significantly better predictor of preferential attachment by new entrants than degree or closeness centrality. During the growth of a network, preferential attachment shifts from (local) degree centrality to betweenness centrality as a global measure. An interpretation is that supervisors of PhD projects and postdocs broker between new entrants and the already existing network, and thus become focal to preferential attachment. Because of this mediation, scholarly networks can be expected to develop differently from networks which are predicated on preferential attachment to nodes with high degree centrality.