A Practical Method of Car License Plate Character Segmentation Based on Morphology and Labeling

1 IntroductionThe car license plate recoghtion system is animpohallt pat on illtelliged traffic management system['1.It is imPO~ in a nUmber of aPPlications, such asfreeway tolling, parldng management and vehiclethecingl"'].The main tasks of a car license plate recognitionsystem are the location of the license plate in a complexbackground, the seglnedation of oh~ters and theirrecognition['l. These taSks are strongly inter-related,where the lOcation and the segmentation are the key pods,for …     

一种实用的基于形态学和标志法的车牌字符切分方法

In this paper, a kind of practical image segmentation algorithm for segment characters from car license plate is presented, based on morphology and labeling. First, by morphological operation, noise in the binary image of license plate can be greatly decreased. Then, by labeling, each connected pixel component is given a unique label. Finally, by the known data of license plate, each character is extracted correctly. The advantage of this method is that it can deal with plates with different sizes and connected characters plates, and inclined plates. The experiment results show that it is an effective way to extract characters from the license plate, and can be put into practical use.     

基于特征提取的视频预处理方法

针对现有视频识别算法对不同帧中同一对象反复分类、反复识别问题,提出一种基于特征匹配的预处理算法。该算法将前一帧中已识别物体的图像特征与下一帧画面提取出的特征相比较,找出下一帧中已经被分类或识别过的物体,并将其剔除,达到压缩输入视频画面尺寸、提升视频处理效率的目的。为了验证算法的预处理效果,对两组道路图形进行实验,结果表明,该算法平均降低85%的画面尺寸,视频画面处理时间平均降低5%。     

“形容词+动态助词‘了’”结构的多角度研究

“形容词+动态助词‘了’”结构一直是一个存在争议的结构,对于形容词能不能带动态助词、带上动态助词后词性有无变化的观点,还存在着很大分歧。以“形容词+动态词‘了’”结构为分析目标,将这个结构化为五种类型进行分别讨论,从语义语法语用功能上探讨其特点,并同动词带动态助词“了”进行平行比较,得出他们的异同。     

基于非对称逆布局表示的图像周长计算方法

The non-symmetry anti-packing image representation （NAIR） uses a sequence of the instances of some predefined prototypes to represent an image. While significantly reducing the instances required to represent an image in contrary to the quadtree and the linear quadtree, however, NAIR has lost the explicit space relationship among these instances and hence made some geometric operations such as perimeter computation hard to be implemented. In this paper, longitude and latitude grid （L^2G）, a data structure which can restore lost space relationship from the NAIR is first presented, and then a novel algorithm to compute the perimeters of the images represented by the NAIR is presented. The experimental results show that the new algorithm has saved at least 90% of the running time comparing with that based on the quadtree.     

生物信息学中的马尔可夫模型

随着人类基因组研究的不断发展,在世界各个（Genbank,SwissPort等）数据库中积累了大量蛋白质、核酸序列数据,如何分析和处理这些数据以获得更多的信息成为科学家们关心的核心问题,并由此产生了生物信息学。文章介绍了在生物信息学研究中常见的几种用于数据库搜索、序列比较、建立蛋白质模型、发现新基因等研究的马尔可夫模型。     

Heuristic algorithm for off-lattice protein folding problem

Enlightened by the law of interactions among objects in the physical world, we propose a heuristic algorithm for solving the three-dimensional （3D） off-lattice protein folding problem. Based on a physical model, the problem is converted from a nonlinear constraint-satisfied problem to an unconstrained optimization problem which can be solved by the well-known gradient method. To improve the efficiency of our algorithm, a strategy was introduced to generate initial configuration. Computational results showed that this algorithm could find states with lower energy than previously proposed ground states obtained by nPERM algorithm for all chains with length ranging from 13 to 55.     

超静定悬臂梁临界荷载的优化算法

在机械和建筑结构工程中,多为超静定结构问题,无法用解析方法实现多余未知力的求解。就此问题,基于微分方程的初值问题的求解原理,建立优化算法,求解多余未知力,获得变形曲线,并与有限元分析软件计算结果进行比较,验证本文优化算法的正确性。     

Mycoplasma lipoproteins and Toll-like receptors

Mycoplasmas, the smallest free-living, self-replicating bacteria with diameters of 200 to 800 nm, have been reported to be associated with human diseases. It is well known that the mycoplasma lipoprotein/peptide is able to modulate the host immune system, whose N-terminal structure is an important factor in inducing immunity and distinguishing Toll-like receptors (TLRs). However, there is still no clear elucidation about the pathogenic mechanism of mycoplasma lipoprotein/peptide and the signaling pathway. Some researchers have focused on understanding the structures of these proteins and the relationships between their structure and biological function. This review provides an update on the research in this field.     

混合体的有效介电常数

基于复合介质单位体积电场能量守恒,得到了复合介质的有效介电常数,以文献给出的有效介电常数模型为基准,验证了文中结果的有效性。结合现有文献,研究了降雨及沙尘暴的有效介电常数,结果表明：降雨的有效介电常数随温度敏感的变化,当能见度较大时,沙尘暴有效介电常数的变化可以忽略;算法简单明了,为研究其他复杂介质的电磁波传播做了有益的探索。     

基于混沌映射、小波变换和RSA加密的数字水印算法

本文提出了一种新的公开算法的数字水印算法。该算法首先应用Logistic映射构造了一个原始图像的子图,其次把DWT变换作用在这个子图上得到两个子带LH1和HL1,然后对这两个子带进行RSA加密并把水印嵌入在这两个被加密的子带上,接着解密这两个子带并通过IDWT变换重构子图,最后按构成子图的顺序把每一个8×8像素的小块放回到原图中相应位置,从而得到了一个嵌入了水印信息的图像。实验结果表明,通过该算法嵌入的水印具有较好的鲁棒性、安全性和不可感知性。     

码元级的RS码快速软译码

通过比较几种码元可靠性值计算方法，提出了准确率较高的最小值法。基于RS码并行译码算法，将RS码移位并行译码算法作为软判决译码的代数译码方法，直接利用每个码元的可靠性值，确定试探位置，计算错误图样的软重量。模拟结果表明该算法与传统的Chase-2算法相比，译码速度得到了很大提高。     

基于薄板样条的遥感影像非刚性配准方法

提出一种基于薄板样条的遥感影像非刚性配准方法。首先,根据SIFT算法分别在参考影像与待配准影像中提取特征点;然后,对特征点进行匹配,并利用RANSAC一致性分级检验方法,由粗至精分级排除错误匹配点;最后,利用同名匹配点构建薄板样条配准模型,并完成图像配准结果。实验结果表明,文中方法能有效解决遥感影像在时相变化、几何变形等条件下的配准,具有较高的实用性。     

非线性编辑中AVI视频编解码的应用

在非线性编辑中由于AVI所采用的压缩算法并无统一的标准,不同的压缩算法所得到的视频图像质量也良莠不齐.本文通过对各种AVI格式压缩算法的比较,以具体实例分析如何选择视频压缩算法,才能生成质量更高的AVI视频图像.     

Intrusion detection using rough set classification

Recently machine learning-based intrusion detection approaches have been subjected to extensive researches because they can detect both misuse and anomaly. In this paper, rough set classification (RSC), a modern learning algorithm, is used to rank the features extracted for detecting intrusions and generate intrusion detection models. Feature ranking is a very critical step when building the model. RSC performs feature ranking before generating rules, and converts the feature ranking to minimal hitting set problem addressed by using genetic algorithm (GA). This is done in classical approaches using Support Vector Machine (SVM) by executing many iterations, each of which removes one useless feature. Compared with those methods, our method can avoid many iterations. In addition, a hybrid genetic algorithm is proposed to increase the convergence speed and decrease the training time of RSC. The models generated by RSC take the form of "IF-THEN" rules, which have the advantage of explication. Tests and compa     

熵值距离的离群点检测及其在学生评教中的应用

离群数据检测是找出与正常数据不一致的数据。学生评教中由于某种原因,会出现一些评教噪声数据。针对学生评教中噪声数据的特征,提出了一个基于熵值距离的离群点检测算法,该算法通过比较每个数据点所对应的熵值和整个数据集的熵值,来判断数据点的离群程度。仿真结果表明该算法对学生评教中出现的噪声数据具有较好的过滤效果。     

Intrusion detection using rough set classification

Recently machine learning-based intrusion detection approaches have been subjected to extensive researches because they can detect both misuse and anomaly. In this paper, rough set classification (RSC), a modem learning algorithm,is used to rank the features extracted for detecting intrusions and generate intrusion detection models. Feature ranking is a very critical step when building the model. RSC performs feature ranking before generating rules, and converts the feature ranking to minimal hitting set problem addressed by using genetic algorithm (GA). This is done in classical approaches using Support Vector Machine (SVM) by executing many iterations, each of which removes one useless feature. Compared with those methods, our method can avoid many iterations. In addition, a hybrid genetic algorithm is proposed to increase the convergence speed and decrease the training time of RSC. The models generated by RSC take the form of"IF-THEN" rules,which have the advantage of explication. Tests and comparison of RSC with SVM on DARPA benchmark data showed that for Probe and DoS attacks both RSC and SVM yielded highly accurate results (greater than 99% accuracy on testing set).     

Measuring children’s environmental attitudes and values in northwest Mexico: validating a modified version of measures to test the Model of Ecological Values (2-MEV)

This paper describes the validation process of measuring children’s attitudes and values toward the environment within a Mexican sample. We applied the Model of Ecological Values (2-MEV), which has been shown to be valid and reliable in 20 countries, including one Spanish speaking culture. Items were initially modified to fit the regional dialect, culture, and bioregional context of our Mexican population. In Stage 1, we applied the scale to quantify the environmental attitudinal and value impacts of an environmental service learning program with 22 children in Baja California Sur, Mexico. Program effects were evaluated using a pre-test/post-test design quantifying preservation and utilization views of the environment. Based upon further cultural insights and the results from Stage 1, in Stage 2, we modified two more items to reflect the culture of philanthropy and associational life in Mexico. To test the structure of this finalized instrument, we applied the model in Stage 2 with a group of 335 children. We successfully extracted the already known factor structure covering the two higher order values of preservation and utilization. In general, the underlying primary attitudes were also confirmed, with the exception of two neighboring ones: Care with Resources and Intent of Support, which merged into one.     

球面大圆上最优点的算法与几何特征

运用球面几何理论,将平面规划中的一类经典问题推广到球面,建立了在球面大圆上寻求一点,到已知两点的距离之和最短的模型和算法,并得到了最优点坐标的计算公式以及最优点的几何求法,其结果在球面规划中有一定的应用。     

基于改进RANSAC算法的图像自动拼接技术

图像拼接技术关键在于图像配准和算法效率,针对传统的图像特征匹配算法数据量大、计算耗时长的缺点,将K-means聚类算法应用到图像匹配算法中,提出了一种解决该问题的改进算法。该方法利用K-means聚类算法对图像提取出的角点对先进行聚类分组,然后采用预判断模型和分组随机选取的方法来提高传统算法效率。实验结果表明,该算法相比于传统的RANSAC算法,在保持较高的精度和鲁棒性的情况下,大大提高了计算效率,有助于提高图像的自动拼接的效率。