Reviews

Books Reviewed:
Burt, Gordon (1999) Questioning Quality
Eisenstadt, Marc & Vincent, Tom ed (2000) The Knowledge Web
Gilbert, Nigel & Troitzsch, Klaus (1999) Simulation for the Social Scientist
Kember, David (2000) Action Learning and Action Research
Smithers, Alan & Robinson, Pamela (2000) Further Education Re-formed
Simpson, Ormond (2000) Supporting Students in Open and Distance Learning
Also received
Brown, Stephen ed (1999) Open and Distance Learning: Case Studies for Industry and Education
Casey, Jean M (2000) Early Literacy
Casey, Jean M (2000) Creating the Early Literacy Classroom
Jenkins, Clare & Morley, Mary ed (1999) Collection Management in Academic Libraries
Race, Phil (1998) 500 Tips for Open and Flexible Learning
Rubin, Richard (1998) Foundations of Library and Information Science
Schwehn, Mark ed (2000) Everyone a Teacher
Tye, Barbara (2000) Hard Truths
Fawkes, Steve et al eds (1999) Using Television and Video to Support Learning     

非线性奇异微分方程周期解的存在性和多重性

利用变分法研究非线性奇异微分方程(g(t)|u′(t)|p-2u′(t))′-|u(t)|p-2u(t)=λF(t,u(t)),a.e.t∈[0,T]u(0)-u(T)=gq-1(0)u′(0)-gq-1(T)u′(T)=0(P)周期解的存在性和多重性问题,其中T>0,λ>0,g∈L∞(0,T;R+),ess.infg>0,p2,1p+1q=1,F:[0,T]×RN→R满足下面的假设:(A)对任意的u∈RN,F(t,u)关于t可测;对几乎所有的t∈[0,T],F(t,u)关于u连续可微.并且存在a∈C(R+,R+),b∈L1(0,T;R+),使得对一切的u∈RN,几乎所有的t∈[0,T],有|F(t,u)|a(|u|)b(t),|F(t,u)|a(|u|)b(t).     

Reviews

Books reviewed:
Brown, Sally et al eds (1999) Computer-Aided Assessment in Higher Education
Fawkes, Steve et al eds (1999) Using Television and Video to Support Learning
Fink, Dean (2000) Good Schools, Real Schools
Keates, Anita (2000) Dyslexia and Information and Communications Technology
Roulstone, Alan (1998) Enabling Technology
Saunders, Danny & Smalley, Nina (2000) Simulations and Games for Transition and Change
Also received:
Ackermann, Ernest & Hartman, Karen (2000) ≡ Searching and Researching on the Internet
Bloemers, Wolf & Wisch, Fritz-Helmut eds (2000) Handicap—Disability
Bowe, Frank G (2000) Universal Design in Education
Daugherty, Richard F (2001) Special Education
Ifrah, Georges (2000) The Computer and the Information Revolution     

“肩负”类动词历时更替浅析

在古汉语中一般用“荷”、“任”、“擔”、“挑”、“担”、“扛”、“揭”表示现代汉语中的“肩负”义。先秦时期,一般用“荷”和“任”;汉魏时期,“擔”字用例逐渐增多;宋时开始,用“挑”“扛”“担”表示这一意义;明清时期,“担”、“扛”、“挑”取代了“荷”、“揭”和“任”。     

与分担函数相关的亚纯函数的正规性

设(F)为定义在区域D内的一族亚纯函数,a(z)和b(z)为两个在D满足a(z)≠b(z)和a(z)≠b(k)(z)以及a(z)(≠)a'(z)的全纯函数,若对于任意的f∈(F),f(z)-a(z)的零点重级至少是k,f(z)和f(k)(z)分担a(z),且当f(z)=b(z)时,f(k)(z)=b(z),那么(F)在...     

关于瑞利分布顺序统计量的分布性质

设{Xk,1≤k≤n}独立同分布,X(1),X(2),…,X(n)为其顺序统计量.当Xk服从参数为σ(σ>0)的瑞利分布时,得到了(X(1),X(2),…X(n))的联合概率密度函数,以及X(1)和X(n)的密度函数.从而进一步得到X(1)和X(n)的数学期望与方差的表达式.此外还证明了X(1),X(2)-X(1),…,X(n)-X(n-1)不独立,且不同分布.     

Oxadiazole-Functionalized Polyacrylonitrile Fiber as Selective Adsorbent for Mercury Ion

A new oxadiazole-functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber(PAN_(AO)F) was successfully fabricated by immobilizing the organic molecule 2-chloromethyl-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole on aminated fiber(PAN_AF).The fibers were characterized completely by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,X-ray diffraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques.Compared with PAN_AF,PAN_(AO)F showed a higher adsorption capability for Hg~(2+) ions in aqueous solutions.The functionalized fiber PAN_(AO)F exhibited a highly selective adsorption for Hg~(2+) when coexisting with other metal ions viz.Pb~(2+),Cd~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Ni~(2+),Co~(2+),Cr~(3+),Ca~(2+),and Mg~(2+).The PAN_(AO)F presented the best adsorption capacity for Hg~(2+)at pH 5.Moreover,the adsorption experimental data fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm.Notably,the PAN_(AO)F almost retained its original adsorption capacity(112 mg/g) after five cycles,indicating its excellent reusability in practical applications.     

Perpetrators and context of child sexual abuse in Kenya

Child sexual abuse (CSA) interventions draw from a better understanding of the context of CSA. A survey on violence before age 18 was conducted among respondents aged 13–17 and 18–24 years. Among females (13–17), the key perpetrators of unwanted sexual touching (UST) were friends/classmates (27.0%) and among males, intimate partners (IP) (35.9%). The first incident of UST among females occurred while traveling on foot (33.0%) and among males, in the respondent's home (29.1%). Among females (13–17), the key perpetrators of unwanted attempted sex (UAS) were relatives (28.9%) and among males, friends/classmates (31.0%). Among females, UAS occurred mainly while traveling on foot (42.2%) and among males, in school (40.8%). Among females and males (18–24 years), the main perpetrators of UST were IP (32.1% and 43.9%) and the first incident occurred mainly in school (24.9% and 26.0%), respectively. The main perpetrators of UAS among females and males (18–24 years) were IP (33.3% and 40.6%, respectively). Among females, UAS occurred while traveling on foot (32.7%), and among males, in the respondent's home (38.8%); UAS occurred mostly in the evening (females 60.7%; males 41.4%) or afternoon (females 27.8%; males 37.9%). Among females (18–24 years), the main perpetrators of pressured/forced sex were IP and the first incidents occurred in the perpetrator's home. Prevention interventions need to consider perpetrators and context of CSA to increase their effectiveness. In Kenya, effective CSA prevention interventions that target intimate relationships among young people, the home and school settings are needed.     

Barriers to distance education: A factor‐analytic study

Abstract

This article reports on a large‐scale (n = 2,504), exploratory factor analysis that determined the underlying constructs that comprise barriers to distance education. The ten factors found were (1) administrative structure, (2) organizational change, (3) technical expertise, (4) social interaction and quality, (5) faculty compensation and time, (6) threat of technology, (7) legal issues, (8) evaluation/effectiveness, (9) access, and (10) student‐support services.     

A Methylome‐Wide Association Study of Trajectories of Oppositional Defiant Behaviors and Biological Overlap With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

In 671 mother–child (49% male) pairs from an epidemiological birth cohort, we investigated (a) prospective associations between DNA methylation (at birth) and trajectories (ages 7–13) of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and the ODD subdimensions of irritable and headstrong; (b) common biological pathways, indexed by DNA methylation, between ODD trajectories and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); (c) genetic influence on DNA methylation; and (d) prenatal risk exposure associations. Methylome‐wide significant associations were identified for the ODD and headstrong, but not for irritable. Overlap analysis indicated biological correlates between ODD, headstrong, and ADHD. DNA methylation in ODD and headstrong was (to a degree) genetically influenced. DNA methylation associated with prenatal risk exposures of maternal anxiety (headstrong) and cigarette smoking (ODD and headstrong).     

单参数平均、对数平均和指数平均之间的一个精确的双向不等式(英文)

利用初等微分学比较了单参数平均与对数和指数平均的几何组合,发现了使得双向不等式Jp（a,b）1/2-3)/2]和所有a,b>0且a≠b成立的p的最大值和q的最小值,其中Jp（a,b）,L（a,b）和I（a,b）分别表示a与b的p-次单参数平均、对数平均和指数平均.     

Reviews

Books reviewed:
Ball, Deborah & Lampert, Magdalene (1998), Teaching, Multimedia, and Mathematics: Investigations of Real Practice
Branch, Robert & Fitzgerald, Mary (1998) (eds), Educational Media and Technology Yearbook Volume 23
Denscombe, Martyn (1998), The Good Research Guide
Ellington, Henry et al (1998), Using Games and Simulations in the Classroom
Harrison, M (1998), Co-ordinating Information and Communications Technology Across the Primary School
Harvey, J (1998) (ed), Evaluation Cookbook
Lehrer, Richard & Chazan, Daniel (1998) (eds), Designing Learning Environments for Developing Understanding of Geometry and Space
Roberts-Phelps, Graham (1998), Training Event Planning Guide
Weinstein, K (1999), Action Learning
Also received
Bond, D & Vaid, A (1998), Archive Education Services
Cohn, John et al (1997), Planning for Automation 2e
Corson, David (1999), Language Policy in Schools
Elgood, Chris (1997), Handbook of Management Games and Simulations
Garg, Suresh et al (1998) (eds), Science & Technology through Open & Distance Education
Gilliatt, Jacqui (1999), Teaching and the Law
Reed, Stephen K (1999), Word Problems: Research and curriculum reform
Salmon, Sheila et al (1996), Power up Your Library: Creating the new elementary school library program
Warschauer, Mark (1999), Electronic Literacies     

U.S. and Israeli young women’s future perceptions

The current study investigated the content of future perceptions among 47 U.S. women and 48 Israeli women. Thematic analysis was used to explore participants’ qualitative responses. Women’s responses covered a wide range of topics, and were categorized into ten key themes: (a) work, (b) family/relationships, (c) property, (d) residence, (e) education, (f) general quality of life, (g) leisure, (h) pro-social activities, (i) multiple role management, and (j) religion. Results demonstrated the role of nationality in the process of exploration and future perceptions. Implications for research and practice are discussed.     

释中——读清华简《保训》

清华简《保训》述及舜"求中"、"得中",上甲微"假中"、"归中",论者说以中道。借助对有关记载的中、中和、中正、中庸及相关的极、皇极诸概念的比证分析,可知中乃一内涵极为丰富的政治伦理概念,代表了中国古代的治道理想,其义当从三代的河洛文化背景内寻绎。"保训"当读为"宝训",但绝非"珍贵的训诫"。宝者以道为贵宝,其义存于《逸周书·宝典》所记载武王对周公的训谕之中。     

多滞量微分差分方程周期解的存在性

通过构造多元函数,定性分析一个耦合自治常微分方程组周期解的存在性,研究了含多个滞量的微分差分方程x′(t)=F(x(t),x(t+τ1),x(t+τ2),…,x(t-τn+1),…,x(t-τn+m)),x′(t)=F(x(t),x(t+τ),x(t+2τ),…,x(t+nτ)),和x′(t)=F(x(t),x(t-τ),x(t-2τ),…,x(t-nτ))周期解的存在性问题,获得系统存在非平凡振动周期解的了几组充分条件,推广和改善了文献[3,4,5,8]的有关结果.     

子宫恶性肿瘤血清标志物CA125,CA199,CA153检测的临床意义

目的通过检测子宫恶性肿瘤患者血清中标志物CA125,CA199,CA153含量,探讨其能否作为评价治疗效果及预后中的一项检测指标.方法对103例子宫恶性肿瘤治疗前检测血清中CA125,CA199,CA153含量,部分患者治疗后追踪检测血清中CA125,CA199,CA153含量.结果治疗前血清中CA125,CA199,CA153在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期子宫内膜腺癌及腺鳞癌的阳性率明显低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期(P<0.01).肿瘤切除后,CA125,CA199,CA153转为阴性,肿瘤复发或转移时标志物又复阳性.结论CA125,CA199,CA153的检测有助于治疗效果的评价、病情监测及预后的估计.     

Reviews

Fisher, Robert (1990) Teaching Children to Think .
Dennison, B and Kirk, R (1990) Do, Review, Learn, Apply .
Poster, Cyril and Krugr, Angelica ed (1990) Community Education in the Western World .
Finlayson, J ed (1990) All Our Futures: Four Studies of Development Through Education and Training .
Lowe, Roy Editor editor (1989) The Changing Secondary School .
McBride, Rob editor (1989) The In-service Training of Teachers .
Bell, Chris and Harris, Duncan editors (1990) Assessment and Evaluation: World Yearbook of Education .
Foster, Pablo (1990) Manual for Staff Development Trainers .
Hilsman, H R (1989) The New Electronic Media .
Braker, John and Tucker, Richard editors (1990) The Interactive Learning Revolution .
Mirabito, M M and Morgenstern, B L (1990) The New Communications Technologies .
Taylor, Charles (1988) The Art and Science of Lecture Demonstration Opportunities for Adults .
Jones Ken (1989) A Sourcebook of Management Simulations .
Farmer, Bob, Eastcott, Diana and Lantz, Brian editors (1990) Aspects of Educational and Training Technology XXIII: Making Learning Systems Work .     

家兔胴体品质和肉质性状的比较研究

本文通过研究表明:本文用完全双列杂交对五品种肉兔:加州兔(C)、新西兰兔(N)、丹麦白兔(D)、花巨兔(G)、比利时兔(B)进行了一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)分析,估计了杂交组合的杂种优势率(RH),结果表明:半净膛、全净膛屠宰率在父本中差异不显著,在母本则有极显著差异。多重比较方法分析所得半净膛、全净膛屠宰率在母本中高低依次为新西兰兔、花巨兔、比利时兔、丹麦白兔、加州兔,其中新西兰兔、花巨兔的母本的半净膛率分别极显著(P<0.01),显著高于丹麦白兔和加州兔。因此,新西兰兔母本最好,加州母兔最差。特殊配合力分析两指标互作效应均不明显,杂交无优势。肉质性状间普遍存在一定的表型相关,但多数未能达到0.05的显著水平。pH2L与pH2S有显著的强正相关(P<0.05);对于胴体性状而言,全净膛屠宰率、半净膛屠宰率为极显著的强正相关(r=0.985,P<0.01)。肉质性状和胴体性状之间存在弱负相关,因此,总体上讲肉质与胴体性状间的关系表现为一种颉颃性的相关。     

Bed expansion behavior and sensitivity analysis for super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor

Bed expansion behavior and sensitivity analysis for super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor (SAB) were performed based on bed expansion ratio (E), maximum bed sludge content (Vpmax), and maximum bed contact time between sludge and liquid (τmax). Bed expansion behavior models were established under bed unfluidization, fluidization, and transportation states. Under unfluidization state, E was 0, Vpmax was 4 867 ml, and τmax was 844–3 800 s. Under fluidization state, E, Vpmax, and τmax were 5.28%–255.69%, 1 368–4 559 ml, and 104–732 s, respectively. Under transportation state, washout of granular sludge occurred and destabilized the SAB. During stable running of SAB under fluidization state, E correlated positively with superficial gas and liquid velocities (ug and ul), while Vpmax and τmax correlated negatively. For E and Vpmax, the sensitivities of ug and ul were close to each other, while for τmax, the sensitivity of ul was greater than that of ug. The prediction from these models was a close match to the experimental data.     

Zn（Ⅱ）/Cd（Ⅱ）/Pr（Ⅲ）8-羟基喹啉配合物的光致和电致发光性能

采用水热合成法,得到了三种8-羟基喹啉金属配合物：8-羟基喹啉锌（1）（ZnQn）,8-羟基喹啉镉（2）（CdQn）和8-羟基喹啉镨（3）（PrQn）。同时对三种配合物的IR、UV-VIS-NIR、荧光光谱进行了测定和分析,并且以它们作为发光材料制成器件对其电致发光性能进行了研究。