成人教育学科推进与导师职业能力建设——中国首届成人教育学科推进与导师职业能力建设高级研讨会综述

会议围绕“成人教育学科推进与导师职业能力建设”这一主题,进行了广泛、深入的交流与探讨。会议肯定了成人教育学在当前学习型社会建设中的意义与作用,回顾与总结了成人教育学科建设历程中的成就与经验,探讨了学科推进的取向与路径,深入交流了成人教育学导师职业能力建设等问题并形成了若干相关共识。会议特点鲜明,取得了良好的效果。     

中国首届成人教育学学科推进与导师职业能力建设高级研讨会议纪要

为了推进我国成人教育学学科的建设,加强成人教育学科导师职业能力的建设,大力培养成人教育科研人才,“2008年中国武汉首届成人教育学科推进与导师职业能力建设高级研讨会”于2008年1月19日到1月20日在湖北武汉华中师范大学胜利召开。本次会议由全国成人教育科学研究机构工作委员会主办、华中师范大学承办,以“成人教育学科推进与导师队伍职业能力建设”为主题,旨在通过回顾成人教育学科建立和发展中的经验与成就、问题与困境,来探寻成人教育学科未来的发展目标和改革路径,探讨关于成人教育学专业导师职业能力建设和学科持续推进的可能的规划和行动。七十余位来自全国各大高校成人教育学专业学位授予点及成人教育各科研机构的专家、学者、导师及本专业硕士、博士研究生出席了会议。     

美国成人教育学科体系建设探究北大核心

学科建设是成人教育学的一项紧迫任务,作为一门新兴的现代独立学科,成人教育学科的建立和发展并非偶发,而是有其历史与逻辑的必然性和可行性。美国作为教育发达国家之一,其成人教育在长期改革实践中,逐步建立起一整套能充分反映成人教育本质和内在规律的学科体系。以代表人物及论著、学位点设立、专业组织和专业期刊等判定学科独立性与成熟性的标准为切入点,阐述美国成人教育学科体系建设取得的显著成就,可为我国成人教育学科体系日臻成熟与完善提供借鉴。     

基于学科任务视角的成人教育学科发展困境及对策

我国成人教育学科建设在取得长足发展的同时,面临着揭示规律、阐释规范、改进实践三个学科任务。成人性、终身性的学科本质属性,构建决策、服务实践的学科工具使命,坚守学术界限、持续变革的学科发展需求是上述三个学科任务的主要价值成因;揭示规律之“难”、阐释规范之“艰”、改进实践之“困”是成人教育学科任务困境的基本现状。追求研究“可重现”以揭示学科规律,致力改革、聚焦目的以阐述学科规范,面向终身教育以改进学科实践,是缓解当前成人教育学科发展困境的有效对策。     

基于学科“边界”视角的成人教育学科发展困境及对策

从我国成人教育学已取得的研究成果及学术进展来看,当前,我国成人教育学为教育乃至社会发展做出了积极的贡献。随着社会发展对成人教育学的积极期待,成人教育学仍面临着亟待厘清学科"边界"的三个现实问题,即"母子"争议的学科设置、"边界"模糊的学科场域和"孤立"研究的学科视野。这三个现实问题是否得到妥善解决,将影响到我国成人教育学能否取得总体上的可持续、有深度的发展。为此,成人教育学学科在应对学科"边界"问题上应选择保持独立的学科定位、彰显独特的学科特色和坚守互涉的学科研究,促使成人教育学学科协调、深度发展。     

学科视野下成人教育学的内涵及发展策略

学科是某一研究领域制度化与建制化的结果。基于学科内涵,成人教育学可被视为一门“形成中的学科”。在未来学科制度化的进程中,成人教育学应在建构学科范式、明晰学科边界、深化学科理论体系研究等几方面做出探索。     

论职业技术教育学的学科性质与建设目标

职业技术教育与生俱来的实践性本质特征决定了其学科的应用性质。职业技术教育学研究队伍和师资队伍建设的目标、人才培养目标和职业技术教育办学主体建设目标应体现其学科的性质特征。学科研究队伍建设应加强应用性人才培养,师资队伍建设应加快实现"双师型"目标,人才培养应实现层次多样化、类型多样化的应用型技术人才培养目标,办学主体应实现政府、企业、社会力量多元办学互补。     

导师战略：成人教育学科发展的历史拐点

成人教育学科正迎来一个整体性发展的重要时期,在全国范围内,成人教育学科正跨越地域与校际的界线,展现出全方位的协作与交流,相互影响发展趋势。然而,在全面协作与交流的过程中,折射出学科导师队伍缺失问题,昭示了学科导师队伍建设的极端重要性和极其迫切性。     

研学旅行导师职业能力指标体系研究

国家文化与旅游部颁布的《研学旅行服务规范》正式提出了研学旅行导师的概念。研学旅行成为中小学生的必修课,研学导师人才短缺。本文基于导游服务规划和研学导师工作岗位描述,运用德尔菲专家法和问卷调研法,提出了研学旅行导师职业能力指标体系,对促进研学旅行的规范发展有一定的理论和实践意义。     

Second career teachers and (mis)recognitions of professional identities

Since the late 1980s there has been an increase of ‘second career teachers’ (SCTs), professionals that switch careers to become teachers. Little is known about SCTs and their sense of professional identity. Building from Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of power and cultural capital, the professional identities of teachers were examined through the following questions: What are the professional identities of SCTs? How can SCTs inform the field of teaching about professional identities? This mixed methods study gathered perspectives on professional identities through an online survey of 236 educators within 1 school district which were analysed and compared to interviews of 16 SCTs and their supervisors from the same district. The study findings invite us to consider alternative definitions of professionalism in teaching, especially for teacher leadership.     

如何促进初任教师的专业发展——英国初任教师入职引导评价与启示

英国很早就开始关注初任教师的入职培训问题,二战期间就有了初任教师研修制度,以培养初任教师的实践指导能力,于上世纪70年代后期在全国实施,90年代以来又实施了一系列的初任教师入职引导政策,取得了显著成效,对我国初任教师入职培训及专业化发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

New professionalism in austere times: the employment experiences of early career teachers in Scotland

International concern to raise educational standards and improve teacher quality has directed attention to the need to sustain career-long professional learning. Teacher induction and early professional learning (during years 2–6) have been associated with patterns of attrition and improved pupil outcomes. As the economic crisis impacts on public sector employment, the rhetoric of professionalism stands in contrast to the employment experiences of many recently qualified teachers. This article draws on interviews with 20 early career teachers in Scotland who achieved full registration from 2006. Work histories drawn from this small-scale study challenge the implicit assumptions of staged models of teacher development and draw attention to the increasing fragmentation and casualisation of experience in the teacher labour market.     

Slipping through the cracks: teachers who miss out on early career support

This paper presents evidence from a nationally representative sample of early career teachers about those likely to miss out on formal support, and the employment conditions associated with this absence of support. It uses survey data from the Staff in Australia’s Schools Survey. Consistent with existing research, our results suggest a relationship between early career teachers with insecure employment and a lack of support. The findings suggest that, for early career teachers, being unsupported is associated with dissatisfaction with professional relationships and career opportunities; and that this dissatisfaction is associated with an intention to leave the profession.     

Teachers leading teachers – understanding middle-leaders’ role and thoughts about career in the context of a changed division of labour

ABSTRACT

This longitudinal study aims to create in-depth knowledge about the phenomena of middle-leadership and career in school by identifying (1) driving forces for seeking and maintaining middle-leading positions, (2) opportunities and difficulties in maintaining the middle-leading role over time, and (3) underlying thoughts of career disclosed in the respondents’ expressions. Five different reasons for seeking middle-leading positions are identified and driving forces for maintaining the position are categorised as either internal reward/non-observable outcomes or external reward/observable outcomes. Furthermore, the results show that different types of difficulties arise in distinct phases and that middle-leaders’ needs for support therefore vary over time. Additionally, the complexity of teachers’/middle-leaders’ career thinking clearly emerges, and implications for practice are discussed.     

高职院校青年教师教学能力的校本培训研究

目前,校本培训是高职师资培训的主体,但针对高职院校青年教师的培训还相对少,且校本培训的效果不明显。设计校本培训的内容及方法应针对青年教师的特点,并满足青年教师应具备的教学能力需求。     

基于X-Y理论的教师职业幸福感探寻

不同的教师群体在不同的阶段有不同的职业需求,这就要求学校管理者根据教职工在各个阶段的需求,针对不同教师群体的需求特征,采用不同的教师管理方法,最终让教师保持对职业的相对满意度,追寻符合自己发展需求的职业幸福感。     

Supporting and inhibiting the well‐being of early career secondary school teachers: Extending self‐determination theory

This paper reports an original examination of the well‐being of early career secondary school teachers in England, which extends the evidence bases relating to early career teachers’ working lives, teacher well‐being, self‐determination theory and performativity, respectively. Drawing on a secondary analysis of qualitative data generated for four separate empirical studies between 2005 and 2013, in a context in which teachers’ work was subject to unparalleled external regulation, the authors examine the extent to which the well‐being of early career teachers can be explained by self‐determination theory, which posits that well‐being is enhanced when innate psychological needs for competence, relatedness and autonomy are satisfied. The findings suggest that satisfaction of these three basic psychological needs is a necessary but not sufficient condition for optimising the well‐being of early career teachers, which is dependent upon the interaction of a wider range of individual, relational and micro‐, meso‐ and macro‐environmental factors. Amongst the recommendations for policy and practice, policymakers and school leaders are urged to uphold their duty of care to newly and recently qualified teachers by doing their utmost to create conditions for the optimisation of such teachers' well‐being. Several specific means of bringing this about are proposed, together with a checklist for those concerned to support the well‐being of early career teachers.     

高职院校英语教师科研能力的制约因素及提升策略

教学和科研相辅相成。然而,科研却是众多高职院校教师尤其是英语教师的软肋。英语教师科研能力的提高是时代对高职英语教师的必然要求。文章详尽分析当前高职院校英语教师的科研现状及制约其科研能力的种种因素,进而提出提升高职院校英语教师科研能力的若干策略,希冀能在一定程度上扭转目前高职院校英语专业科研劣势的局面。     

An analysis of the processes of change in two science teachers educators' thinking

This study examined the processes of change in thinking as a means of learning about the professional development of two science teacher educators. A qualitative methodology was used. The main research tool was a semistructured in‐depth interview. The primary data analyzed came from two science teacher educators, selected from a broader set of seven. Findings emphasize the importance of questions regarding the knowledge possessed by teacher educators and of the questions regarding the role of science teacher educators. That is, the knowledge of an expert science teacher educator was more than a list of givens; it was personal and context‐bound. This study contributes new insight into the processes of teacher educators' professional development and change in their thinking. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 1219–1245, 2007