终身学习力：学习型社会一种必要的生存能力

信息化社会需要具有自主学习能力的学习者,每个人必须成为具有分析、批判、质疑、自觉定向能力的学习者,而不是只能通过考试的知识收藏者,即每一个社会成员必须学会进行终身学习。因此,终身学习力也就是未来最具潜力的能力之一。     

From opportunity to reality: transition into engineering education,trauma or transformation?

ABSTRACT

Transition into university can prove to be a challenging time for young people entering engineering education, irrespective of previous educational experience or demographic background. It is such challenges that this article considers. Commencing by looking at the pragmatic issues associated with transition, the question of whether starting university is a time of transformation or trauma for new engineering students is discussed. Following this, a conceptual framework grounded in the authors previous work depicts a tripartite approach to transition, identifying three interlinked phases that new students typically encounter. The conclusion suggests that through the introduction of realistic and socially relevant engineering activities, transition into engineering education is the ideal time to turn opportunity into reality for new students.     

研究性学习中学生元认知能力的培养

研究性学习是一种新型的教学和学习模式,是学习化社会的主要学习方式。本文通过介绍研究性学习与元认知的相关理论,分析在研究性学习中学生元认知能力培养的意义,阐述如何在研究性学习中培养学生的元认知能力,使他们尽快地学会学习。     

论高职学生的学习与学习策略

学习是一种适应的活动,高职学生要学会学习,就要掌握必要的学习理论和学习策略.     

“少教多学”的思想内涵与实践策略

“少教”即启发性地教、针对性地教、创造性地教和发展性地教;“多学”,指学生在教师的引导下走向深度学习、积极学习、独立学习。教师在教学实践中秉持“少教多学”的理念,激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的独立学习能力,这能从根本上减轻教学负担,提高教学效益。     

对遵义师范学院音乐专业钢琴教学的几点思考

遵义师范学院院音乐专业学生进校前多数钢琴无基础,教学中教师应帮助他们养成良好的学习习惯,提高他们的学习能力,为后续学习打好基础。     

Organisational learning approaches to school leadership and management: teachers' values and perceptions of practice

In this article, we report results of a survey of 1,397 teachers in 26 primary and 17 secondary schools in England as part of the Learning How to Learn project. We consider how school self-evaluation can be understood within an organisational learning frame. Factor analysis of teachers' responses helped us identify 4 dimensions of organisational learning approaches to school leadership and management. Comparisons were made between teachers' perceptions of school leadership and management practices and the values they placed on those practices. We discuss the usefulness of analysing values-practice gaps for furthering understanding of organisational learning approaches to school leadership and management. Analysis of gaps between teachers' values and practices reveals significant inconsistencies between perceptions of current practices and values across a broad spectrum of school leadership and management practices. Perceptions of practice were significantly behind the values that teachers place on each of the 4 dimensions of practice.     

授人以渔

本文系统总结了激发学生学习兴趣,指导学生掌握学习方法的基本原则。     

Exploration of the learning expectations related to grades 1-8 algebra in some countries

This study analyzes the learning expectations related to grades 1-8 algebra across several U.S. states and high performing TIMSS Asian countries and regions, including Singapore, Taiwan and Japan. In order to narrow and focus the investigation, only one topic within the strand is carefully reported. Based on the official curriculum documents, results of this study indicate that the mathematics content, grade placement and cognitive level of learning expectations related to selected topic vary markedly across documents. Thus, these differences in learning expectations result in striking differences in students＇ opportunity to learn.     

Writing to Learn: Benefits and Limitations

Writing to learn is a pedagogical approach grounded in the belief that the reasoning required to write about a topic or concept will help students gain understanding. However, research indicates that the impact writing has on student learning depends on context. Using a mixed-method, quasi-experimental, repeated measures design, we examined how embedding writing-to-learn pedagogy in a required college course impacted students’ learning as well as their perceptions of writing to learn. Our quantitative analysis revealed that writing to learn did not have a differential effect on student achievement of course goals. However, qualitative analysis revealed evidence indicating students valued writing to learn as a way to make sense of course content by reasoning through their ideas and responses to class experiences. From the instructor's perspective, writing to learn also helped build rapport with students. Our results indicated that in our context, writing to learn pedagogy had benefits and limitations. We offer practical implications and pedagogical suggestions based on our experiences and findings.     

Learning to learn at university. The effects of an instrumental subject on learning strategies and academic achievement / Aprender a aprender en la universidad. Efectos de una materia instrumental sobre las estrategias de aprendizaje y el rendimiento académico

Self-regulated learning is very important at university, since students must manage the strategies and abilities necessary to be autonomous and effective in their learning. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of a course designed for this purpose on learning strategies and students’ achievement of first-year university students. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was used, with an experimental group and a control group, applying measurement instruments before starting and after finishing the course. The learning process was analysed on this course, with students being trained in the use of relevant learning strategies — metacognitive strategies, strategies for processing and using information and affective and motivational strategies. The sample consisted of 47 students, 23 of them belonging to the experimental group and 24 of them to the control group, from various degrees at the University of Valencia. The results confirmed significant improvements in the learning strategy scores of the experimental group compared to the control group. There was also an improvement in academic achievement, but in this case the differences were not statistically significant.     

Comparability of GCSE examinations in different subjects: an application of the Rasch model

The comparability of examinations in different subjects has been a controversial topic for many years and a number of criticisms have been made of statistical approaches to estimating the ‘difficulties’ of achieving particular grades in different subjects. This paper argues that if comparability is understood in terms of a linking construct then many of these problems are resolved. The Rasch model was applied to an analysis of data from over 600,000 candidates who took the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examinations in England in 2004. Thirty‐four GCSE subjects were included in the final model, which estimated the relative difficulty of each grade in each subject. Other subjects failed to fit, as did the fail grade, U. Significant overall differences were found, with some subjects more than a grade harder than others, though the difficulty of a subject varied appreciably for different grades. The gaps between the highest grades were on average twice as big as those between the bottom grades. Differential item functioning (DIF) was found for male and female candidates in some subjects, though it was small in relation to variation across subjects. Implications of these findings for various uses of examination grades are discussed.     

让当代大学生学会学习

人类进入21世纪,教育面临前所未有的挑战,人类的教育思想也发生了重大变化,“教”“和”“学”的天平明显地向学习这一边倾斜。“学会学习”对当代大学生来说,不仅显得重要,而且非常必要。必须针对他们的实际,从转变学习动机、改进学习方法、提高学习效果、培养学习习惯等方面入手,使大学生愿学、善学、乐学、自主学,不断促进大学生学习能力和素质的提高。     

大学生学习指导中应正确处理的几个关系

加强大学生学习指导很有必要，当前指导重点是让学生会学，自主学和创新性学习。但影响学习质量的因素很多，指导大学生学习应坚持唯物辩证法，正确处理好学会与会学，主导学与自主学，创新性学习与继承性学习等关系，全面提高学生的学习素质。     

Teachers as metacognitive role models

This paper draws on data collected during a longitudinal collaborative project with teachers in England from schools and further education colleges. The project investigated ‘Learning to Learn’ in partnership with teacher–researchers with a focus on how metacognitive awareness can be improved by enquiring into creative combinations of pedagogy, environment and learners’ dispositions. The paper is an attempt to make clear the theoretical underpinnings of our belief that the project teachers were enacting something different, something metacognitive. We present a pragmatic model of metacognition development based on ideas collaboratively produced across the project. The five cycles of development are exemplified from the pedagogic and the professional learning perspective with quotes, vignettes and case study excerpts. We show a catalytic relationship between the pedagogies used by the teachers to develop their students’ metacognition and the teachers’ own learning and metacognitive knowledge and skilfulness.     

小学数学探究性学习的教学策略

丰富学生的学习方式,掌握有效的数学学习方法,是新课程强调的重要理念之一,也是学生今后进一步学习的基础。在小学数学教学中,切实有效地实施"探究性学习,"需要创设情景,唤起学生"探究性学习"的需求;提供机会,展开主动有效的探究活动;反思明理,强化探究的知识成果;实践应用,获取数学学习的积极情感,体验成功乐趣。     

自主学习与情感过滤--对职校生英语学习的思考

培养学生的自主学习能力是教学的最终目标和提高教学质量的手段。文章试图通过“自主学习”和“情感过滤假设”理论的探讨,结合调查分析的资料,提出培养职校生英语自主学习能力的关键在于解放学生的情感,减低其情感过滤,增强其学习信心,即培养他们乐学和能学。     

高师函授教育中学生自学能力的培养策略

自学能力是近年来教育理论和实践中的一个热点问题。养成自学习惯,培养自学能力,让学生学会学习,是完成函授教育所必需,也是实现终身学习所必备。就高师函授教育中学生的自学能力而言,转变观念是自学能力实现的关键,掌握学习策略是学会学习的重点,充分利用各种学习资源是培养学生自学能力的保障,个性化作业是提高学生自学能力的有效途径。     

大学生学习行为系统诊断——以莆田学院为例

以莆田学院大学生为样本,运用抽样问卷等方法,对大学生学习态度倾向、学习行为倾向、学习钻研情况及学习动机等进行了调查。根据当代大学生存在学习动力不足的现状,提出高校应进行深刻反思,采取有效措施,克服、抑制学生厌学,并从根本上扭转学风,以提高人才培养质量等对策。