电气工程及其自动化专业卓越工程师培养实践教学探析

以电气工程及其自动化专业卓越计划中实践教学环节为研究对象,构建了"校内教学型专业实践和企业工程培养"相结合的实践教学体系,提出了该教学体系的具体实现方式,充分锻炼了学生的工程实践能力和创新能力,教学效果良好。     

“卓越计划”下内燃机专业实践教学改革若干思路

为全面提高学生的工程实践能力和设计创新能力,对内燃机专业实践教学环节的现状及其存在问题进行了分析,提出了实践教学改革的若干思路和方法。     

Turn-taking in tutorial group discussion,under varying conditions of preparation and leadership

The effects of variations in preparation and leadership on turn-taking behaviour in problem solving groups were investigated in a field-experimental setting. A factorial, randomized, longitudinal design was employed, with controls imposed over many of the identifiable extraneous effects. Four groups (n = 15) discussed problematic case study material under conditions of varying preparation (prepared vs. unprepared) and leadership (emergent vs. assigned leadership), for eight consecutive weekly sessions of one hour's duration. The principal hypotheses were tested by 2 × 2 analysis of variance, and a cautious approach was adopted to the interpretation of statistically significant results, in that preparation or leadership effects were only taken as being of any theoretical or practical significance if they reached significance in at least three of the eight discussion sessions. Both preparation and leadership, as well as the interaction of these variables, influenced turn-taking behaviour. Interactive behaviour also showed a degree of stability across sessions, with the greatest stability occurring in the behaviour of members of prepared groups. The obtained leadership effects were explained in terms of interaction expectation theory, and behaviour modelling.     

Verbal inactivity in tutorial groups,under conditions of varying preparation and leadership

The effects of variations in preparation and leadership on verbal inactivity in tutorial groups were investigated in a field-experimental setting. A factorial, randomized, longitudinal design was employed, with controls imposed over many of the identifiable extraneous effects. Four groups (n = 15) discussed problematic case study material under conditions of varying preparation (prepared vs. unprepared) and leadership (emergent vs. assigned leadership), for eight consecutive weekly sessions of one hour's duration. The principal hypotheses were tested by Chisquare analysis, and a cautious approach was adopted to the interpretation of statistically significant results, in that preparation or leadership effects were only taken as being of any theoretical or practical significance if they reached significance in at least three of the eight discussion sessions. Both preparation and leadership influenced verbal inactivity in groups. The obtained leadership effects were explained in terms of interaction-expectation theory, and behaviour modelling.     

基于机械工程师能力培养的机电液综合实训平台创制

加强大学生工程训练,提高工程应用能力,培养合格的工程师,是高校正在努力实施卓越工程师培养追求的目标。机电液综合实训平台将机械传动、控制技术、液(气)压传动等有机结合,为学生提供全面开放的设计性、综合性、创新性的工程实训项目,不受时间、地点和学生数量的限制,可在校内按照预定的教学计划实施工程师能力的培养,达到预期的培养目标和教学质量,教学效果显著,投入费用低廉,为工程师培养开辟实用高效的途径,对推动机械工程师能力培养有着重要的现实意义和指导作用。     

金属流体钾在极端条件下的电导率研究

采用基于第一原理的从头算分子动力学和Kubo-GreenWood公式计算了不同密度和温度下金属流体K的电导率.发现随密度的增加,金属流体K的电导率先增加后减小,并且在0.75ρ0（ρ0为通常条件下的固体K的密度）密度处形成一个电导率最大值.通过分析流体K的电子结构,对其电导率随密度变化呈现不同趋势的原因进行了探讨.     

订单式人才培养的基本条件和实施效果

我国高等教育已经由精英化走向了大众化发展阶段,尤其是高等职业教育已占据了整个高等教育的半壁江山.她担负起为国家培养数以千万计的现代化、高素质技能型人才的重任.在市场经济条件下,如何保证教育质量,并使大批高职院校毕业生顺利进入人才和劳动市场就业,直接为社会经济建设服务,是摆在教育工作者面前的现实问题,也是党和政府关注的重要问题."订单式"培养模式较好的解决了这一问题.本文提出了开展"订单式"培养的基本条件并介绍我校开展订单位式培养的工作实践,供同行参考.     

Company and public policies on training: Some European experience

The paper compares public policy on vocational training provided by employers in France, West Germany and the UK, and looks particularly at the way in which responsibilities and costs are shared between government and employers. The paper concludes that fundamental divergencies between training cultures and systems in the three countries require different policies and forms of government intervention.     

软件工程师通用人才培养模式的研究及实践

为使高校培养的人才能够满足企业需求,经过调研和分析,提出一种软件工程师通用人才培养模式,从课程建设的标准、课程教学和实践教学模式、课程的运行机制等方面,详述了该人才培养模式的方法和思路。该模式注重校企校共建课程,突出岗-课一体化,采用"课堂+网络"课程双轨动态运行机制。通过教学实践证明,软件工程师通用人才培养模式符合现代教育规律,适应高素质人才培养需求。     

从全能政府到有限政府--市场经济条件下当代中国政府的角色

随着中国经济体制改革的深化,建立在计划经济基础之上的、在历史上起过积极作用的全能政府愈来愈显示出它的多方面缺陷.全能政府的角色与市场经济固有的游戏原则和规律格格不入,因而无法满足市场对政府职能的诉求.既然我们选择市场经济就势必要改革政治体制、转换政府角色,而有限政府是惟一理性和现实的制度选择.市场制度对公共事务的失灵和无效,使政府对公域的介入和干预是必要和必需的,因此,有限政府不是消极政府,更不是无政府.     

The mathematical education of engineers

Mathematics has always played an important role in the education of engineers and production managers. At the present time, the importance of mathematics has increased significantly and it is quite natural that in universities around the world engineering students are taking courses in mathematics which constitute, as a rule, a significant portion of their programme. At the same time, however, the mathematical education of the engineer is far from ideal and its improvement deserves the closest scrutiny. The present article deals with several general aspects of this problem.     

University autonomy and public policies: A system theory perspective

This article addresses problems facing universities because of external pressures for changes in their teaching, research, and governance and management policies and practices to align them with public policies. The view is put that governments are introducing public policies in times of economic recession to achieve rationalisation of human, physical and financial resources in higher education and to foster initiatives that shape university teaching and research to serve the needs of society and assist in national economic recovery. Examples of these external pressures, which have resulted in intrusions into the autonomy of university governance and management, are provided in the context of general system theory. It is assumed that the pressure of public policies on universities will continue and that each university should have a development plan for its present and future teaching and research activities, which has the endorsement of the government higher education advisory agency so that university management can function on a secure basis. The effectiveness and efficiency of functioning at the various levels of the university system should be assessed by periodic evaluative reviews. The quality of management by academic leaders should be fostered by the establishment of national centres for the study of higher education management and policy. The relationship between government higher education advisory agencies and universities should be renegotiated so that, as interdependent and interrelated parts of the higher education system, they work in joint co-operation to ensure the most effective and appropriate development of each institution. Nevertheless, a state of equilibrium between the university system and the supra (social) system within which it exists will never fully be achieved. The fundamental role and functions of a university require that it be concerned with teaching and researching both ageless and current phenomena. Hence, a perfect equilibrium state cannot exist if external social pressures are for the main weight of university activities to be shifted to providing service for the current needs of society.     

2002年培训市场大盘点

热点一:研教面临信任危机 2002年,国内培训界的最大热点无疑是研究生扩大招生。据了解,从1999年我国开始扩大研究生招生规模与上一年相比,1999年增长27％,2000年增长35％,2001年增长35％,2002年增长22.8％,根据最新消息,2003年国家教育部将继续扩大研究生招生规模,比2002扩招7万人。     

论市场经济条件下政府在教师教育中的职责

教师职业与社会发展的特殊关联性,决定了教师教育与政府职能的关联性;教师职业的特殊性决定了教师教育应该面向市场,但却不能市场化。市场经济条件下政府在教师教育中具有加强师德教育、宏观调控规模、改善教师待遇、提高教师地位等职责。     

流体传动与控制方向卓越工程师培养方案的制订

针对应用型流体传动与控制专业方向卓越工程师的培养标准和知识能力的具体要求,以理论教学和工程项目实训教学相结合、专业能力逐级提升的培养理念为指导思想,制订流体传动与控制专业方向卓越工程师培养方案。介绍了培养方案中理论教学课程体系各模块所含主干课程,详细阐述了创新与实践教学体系各模块设置的出发点和对应的培养能力。     

教学科研互动推进卓越机械工程师培养系列课程改革

以教学科研互动为主题,以数控技术系列课程为切入点,对其可行性、培养模式、改革力度、产生的效益等进行深入的探索、实践和研究,推进卓越机械工程师课程改革。     

以卓越工程师为培养目标的工程实践教学作用分析

每个国家都有自己的社会与文化背景,因此工程师培养过程也都有自己的特点,对工程人才各个培养阶段的要求也有所不同。通过对我国工程师培养过程进行分析,以培养社会需要的合格工程人才为目标,探讨高等工程教育过程中工程实践教学在学生各方面培养中所发挥的重要作用。     

面向培养卓越工程师的测控专业实践环节教学改革

面向培养卓越工程师,对测控技术与仪器专业的实践环节教学进行了改革。提出了对现有的实验设备进行基于LabVIEW的改革,包括液位测控系统和电加热炉温度测控系统。成果表明,对测控技术与仪器专业的卓越工程师培养,具有一定的参考价值。