痕都斯坦玉和西番作

清代乾隆年间，经济文化得到全面的恢复和发展，玉器的制作也现出了前所未有的繁荣景象。乾隆时除了制作中国传统玉器外，还引进和仿制了外域的玉质艺术品，其中最著名的是痕都斯坦玉器。     

Some Aspects of Evaluation in a Health Education Workshop

Abstract

This study attempted to determine not only the change in health knowledge evidenced by 62 participants in a three-week health education workshop but also the relationship between each student's knowledge and the rating of his contribution to a workshop situation, as measured by staff and fellow workshop members. It was concluded that there was considerable gain in health knowledge. However, although there was substantial agreement between instructor and fellow student ratings as to the contribution of a particular individual to the workshop, there was apparently little relationship between his knowledge as measured by standardized test scores and the above ratings.     

学习型教研组:教师专业发展视阈下体育教研组的应然走向

采用文献资料、逻辑论证等研究方法,对教师文化、学习型体育教研组与体育教师专业发展之间的内在关系进行探讨,指出了传统体育教研组存在的弊端:过于行政化的组织管理使得体育教师专业发展的主体性难以发挥;缺乏互信的组织氛围使得体育教师专业合作落入形式主义窠臼;教研组共同愿景的缺失,削弱了团队的凝聚力。文章最后基于学习型组织的文化特质和价值取向提出了学习型体育教研组建设的路径与对策:建立共同愿景,发挥有效激励作用;改善心智模式,培养体育教师的反思意识;培育新型合作文化,打造学习型团队。