Banquet speaking

Ghostwriters are here to stay, but their relationship to political speakers and their messages is largely ignored by rhetorical critics. The ghostwriter is a variable in the political process, and a critic who analyzes and evaluates political messages should not overlook the inputs of ghosts who influence both speakers and messages. Critics willing to do the difficult investigation required to find out about the influences of ghosts may write more interesting and more insightful analyses and evaluations.     

Public speaking in the Philippines

Although several writers have stressed the importance of the discussion process in producing risky shifts in small‐group decision making, no researchers have attempted to discover the communicative processes of groups whose deliberations culminate in such shifts. This study examines the communication processes of risky‐shift and cautious‐shift groups in terms of the diffusion‐of‐responsibility theory (i.e., groups shifting toward risk tend to diffuse or share responsibility for the decision among group members or among elements outside the group). The results indicate that the communicative processes of risky‐shift and cautious‐shift discussion groups differ according to their handling of decisional responsibility as expected from the diffusion‐of‐responsibility theory. This finding provides warrant for additional studies examining the communicative processes of discussion groups from the vantage of other competing theories of the risky‐shift phenomenon.     

Public speaking and public opinion

SPEECH CRITICISM. The Development of Standards for Rhetorical Appraisal. By Lester Thonssen and A. Craig Baird. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1948; pp. xvi+542. $5.00.

ENGLISH LITERARY CRITICISM: THE RENASCENCE. By J. W. H. Atkins. London: Methuen and Company, 1947; pp. xi+371. 16s.

THE AMERICAN COLLEGE DICTIONARY. Edited by Clarence L. Barnhart. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1948; pp. lx+1432. $6.00.

PUBLIC OPINION AND PROPAGANDA. By Leonard W. Doob. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1948; pp. vii+600. $5.00. Text edition, $3.75.

TONE LANGUAGES: A Technique for Determining the Number and Type of Pitch Contrasts in a Language, with studies in Tonemic Substitution and Fusion. By Kenneth L. Pike. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1948; pp. xii+187. Paper, $2.25. Cloth, $3.00.

TREASURY OF RELIGIOUS PLAYS. Edited by Thelma Sharman Brown. New York: Association Press, 1947; pp. 345. $3.00.

ENCORES ON MAIN STREET. By Talbot Pearson. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Institute of Technology Press, 1948; pp. 175, $3.00.

EFFECTIVE TALKING IN CONFERENCE. By John Mantle Clapp. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1948; pp. v+140. $2.50.

THOUGHT PICTURES IN READING AND WRITING. By Roland Barker. New York: Published for Metropolitan School Study Council by Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia University, 1948; pp. ix+ 114. $2.00.

THE LANGUAGE AND MENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN. By A. F. Watts. Boston: D. C. Heath and Company, 1947; pp. v+354. $3.25.

PAPERS GIVEN AT A CONFERENCE ON COLLEGE COURSES IN COMMUNICATION. Edited by Clyde W. Dow. East Lansing: Michigan State College, 1947; pp. 79. $2.00.

SING WELL, SPEAK WELL. By J. Albert Fracht and Emmett Robinson. Brooklyn: Remsen Press, 1948; pp. vii+178. $3.75.

THE PATTERN OF SPOKEN ENGLISH. By Barbara Storey. The Speech Fellowship Booklet No. 1. Oxford: University Press, 1948; pp. 28. $.50.

TWENTIETH CENTURY SPEECH AND VOICE CORRECTION. Edited by Emil Froeschels. New York: Philosophical Library, 1948; pp. 321. $6.00.

PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES IN ENGLISH FOR THE FOREIGN‐BORN. By M. Elizabeth Clarey and Robert J. Dixson. New York: Regents Publishing Company, 1947; pp. 119. $1.25.

SPEECH CORRECTION IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. By Mabel F. Gifford. Bulletin of the California State Department of Education. Vol. 17, No. 1. Sacramento: California State Department of Education, 1948; pp. vi+33.

THE VIRGINIA PLAN FOR AUDIO‐VISUAL EDUCATION. Prepared by James W. Brown. Chicago: The Center for the Study of Audio‐Visual Instructional Materials, Department of Education, University of Chicago, 1947; pp. vi+31.

LOOK, LISTEN, AND LEARN. A Manual on the Use of Audio‐Visual Materials in Informal Education. By L. Harry Strauss and J. R. Kidd. New York: Association Press, 1948; pp. x+234. $3.50.

AUDIO‐VISUAL AIDS IN THE ARMED SERVICES. By John R. Miles and Charles R. Spain for the Commission on Implications of Armed Services Educational Programs. Washington, D. C.: American Council on Education, 1947; pp. xi+96. $1.25.

AUDIO‐VISUAL AIDS TO INSTRUCTION. By William Exton, Jr., Captain, USNR, Inactive. New York: McGraw‐Hill Book Company, Inc., 1947; pp. xiii+344. $4.00.

RADIO'S BEST PLAYS. Edited by Joseph Liss. New York: Greenberg, Publisher, 1947; pp. xiv+383. $3.00.

THEATRE GUILD ON THE AIR. Edited by H. William Fitelson. New York: Rinehart and Company, 1947; pp. xiii+430. $4.00.

FM FOR EDUCATION. By Franklin Dunham, assisted by Ronald R. Lowdermilk and Gertrude G. Broderick. (Revised). Washington, D. C.: Federal Security Agency. U. S. Office o£ Education. Misc. No. 7, 1948; pp. vi+30. $.20.     

试论山水诗词与旅游诗词的异同

我国古代形式多样的旅游活动为旅游诗词的创作提供了丰富的素材,魏晋时期士人对山水的游赏更促成了山水诗歌的诞生.山水诗的概念在唐代早已出现,但旅游诗词的定义至今尚无定论.从创作的角度来看,古代很大一部分山水诗以及纪行诗、游览诗其实就是旅游诗词.山水诗词和旅游诗词既有本质上的联系,在内容上二者互相交叉重叠,在创作上旅游诗词又是山水诗词的先导.山水诗词和旅游诗词又有明显的区别,山水诗词重描摹景物,旅游诗词则重记述过程;旅游诗词观照范围广,山水诗词则相对较窄;山水诗词更多观照自我心灵,以静为贵;旅游诗词更着眼于旅游过程,因而内涵丰富,更显神采飞扬,气韵生动.     

Public speaking in the Seagram plan

Preaching Without Notes. By Richard Storrs. New York: Dodd and Mead, 1875; pp. 233.

The Origin and Progress of Writing. By Thomas Astle, Keeper of the Records of the Tower of London London: 1784.     

Squaring the Circle - statistically speaking

A simple relationship is described which connects Buffon's classical needle problem with related problems involving circles, squares and rectangles.     

意象派诗与中国古诗的同异

意象派和中国诗关系密切,二者有同有异。一方面,在文学理论上,二者的主张具有近似性,表现出文学创作形象思维的共通性。另一方面,在创作实践中,此派诗人在创作中,二者有着显著的不同,表现出东西方较大的的文化差异。     

大名诗歌与北宋诗坛

大名诗歌包括隶籍大名的诗人及仕宦、游历于此的诗人的诗作,其中以仕宦、游历诗人为主.那些来自不同地域文化背景的诗人一方面繁荣了本地诗坛,有效地参与了宋型诗的建构;另一方面在诗歌中还有对地域文化的体认与表现,他们之间的诗歌唱和,尤其是异地寄赠传播了地域文化.