当前基层央行支付结算管理问题探析

随着银行业监管管理委员会的成立和新《中华人民共和国中国人民银行法》、新《中华人民共和国商业银行法》和《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》等三部法律的出台,支付结算管理工作作为中央银行重要职责的组成部分,也由此面临着新的问题和挑战。基层央行是中央银行履行支付结算、清算管理职责的“终端、前台”,在提供金融服务和维护金融稳定等方面发挥着重要作用。分析当前基层央行的支付结算工作所面临的新形势以及所存在的问题,对理顺中央银行货币政策传导机制,维护金融体系稳健运行和提高社会资金配置效率具有非常重要的意义。     

Legal Defensibility of Standards: Issues and Policy Perspectives

What legal issues may arise in setting content or performance standards? What precedents are relevant? What practices are defensible?     

专业发展学校与美国教师教育的发展

20世纪80年代末期以来，美国教师教育发展和改革中出现了一种新的培养模式-专业发展学校，它是通过强化教师教育机构与中小学的合作伙伴关系，共同培养教师，开展合作研究而建立起来的，专业发展学校的建立预示着国际教师教育发展的一个重要趋向，本文就美国专业发展学校设立的原因背景，发展状况，标准，作用加以阐述，并就美国教师教育的发展提出若干思考。     

Strategies for Identifying Research Topic in Educational Measurement

How might a novice researcher go about setting a research agenda? What are the most productive avenues for generating research questions? What areas of educational measurement currently seem most promising?     

谈阳历、农历的闰年

2004年既是阳历的闰年，又是农历的闰年，阳历与农历的闰年有何不同？设置闰年的依据是什么？     

Criterion Bias in Examine Centered Standard Setting: Some Thought Experiments

How can a thought experiment be used to examine issues in the selection and use of criteria in standard setting? How does the selection of a criterion affect the decisions which are made about examinees?     

数学教学中培养学生"问题意识"的教育价值及若干策略

“问题意识”是个体对事物的一种探究、怀疑、猜测的心理状态，培养“问题意识”的教育价值主要表现在以下几个方面：有利于更好地实现课程目标，有利于数学的建构性学习，有利于促进学生的社会化发展，培养学生良好的问题意识的策略有：采用创设开放的教学情境，为学生提供广阔的数学思考空间；保护学生的好奇心，培养学生质疑提问的良好习惯；充分发挥元认知作用，提倡反思性的数学学习；重视引导学生发现和提出问题，提高学生合情推理能力等。     

中小学民主管理监督体制的思考与构建

教育也是一种服务，而学生则是学校教育的最主要的“服务对象”，教育行政部门、校长、教师、学生及其家长是教育管理监督的主体，应对他们的权利进行明确划分，建立校长依法治校的制度，建立保I章教师权益的翻度，建立尊重学生权益的制度，从而完善中小学民主管理监督体制。     

数学教育评价的回顾与展望

我国基础教育正实施重大改革，对数学教育评价内涵的正确认识以及对学生的学习、教师的教学做出合理评价是实施数学教育改革的关键．在重新建构数学教育评价理论体系时应注意：(1)树立正确的评价观；(2)数学教育评价理论最终都是为了促进学习者主动、积极、有意义的建构；(3)数学教育评价应将评价原理和数学内容以及学习方式的独特性统一起来；(4)评价理论应遵守4项主要准则．在数学教与学的评价实践中要注意在评价信息收集、评价方式、评价角度、评价结果处理等方面做出改进．     

中美法学教育之比较

当代中国的法学教育发展很快 ,但由于起步晚 ,至今在很多方面仍有不足。为便于借鉴美国法学教育之长 ,特从教育管理、教育目标、教育层次、教育方法、师资等方面进行比较 ,以探索一条有中国特色的法学教育之路。     

谈电子技术在音乐教学的应用

随着校园网的建立,运用电子技术进行教学已成为教育转型下不可缺少的一部分。通过声音、文本、图像、图形等多媒体形式进行教学,不仅能够减轻教师的备课负担,还可以改善教学环境,提高教学效率,方便师生之间沟通,全方位提高学生的素质与能力。     

用变量、函数实现课件中动画的控制

Authorware是一种使用方便、功能强大的多媒体制作工具软件。利用Authorware制作的课件，信息能以图像、文字、音乐、动画、视频等多种形式来表现。通常数字电影图标只具有动置的播放功能，而不能达到实时控制的效果。本文在利用数字电影图标播放动画的功能的基础上，结合变量、函数的设置，实现对动画影像播放的实时控制。     

对高校班级党支部建设的几点思考

班级党支部是新时期高校学生党建工作的一种创新.在班级党支部建设过程中,通常会面临一些新的问题,如:何时组建班级党支部最为合适,如何正确处理班级党支部与团支部、班委会的关系,怎样检验班级党支部建设的成效,如何给予班级党支部以必要的指导,本文对上述一系列问题作了一些粗浅的分析与思考.     

探索"独立学院"民主办学的新途径

从维护教职工合法权益的角度，阐述独立学院民主办学新途径，(1)加强领导，扎实做好独立学院工会组建工作。(2)建立教代会，工代会，推行校务公开制度，开创民主办学新局面。     

基督教青年会落户长沙原因探析

近代湖南以反教著称 ,从 19世纪后期至 2 0世纪初 ,传教势力难以在湘立足 ,1912年长沙青年会顺利成立 ,并发展成为名噪一时的抗日救亡团体 ,文章从国际背景、国内政治、社会变迁、青年会自身特色四个方面进行了探讨。     

spin-Peierls强关联系统中的Lanczos方法

在处理问题时,我们常常利用Lanczos方法进行数值计算,那么Lanczos方法到底具有什么优点呢?文章主要通过 Lanczos和Householder这两种方法的比较,说明了Lanczos数值计算方法的优越性。     

The design and implementation of learning paths in a learning management system

Learning paths have the potential to play an important role in the way educators serve their learners. Empirical research about learning paths is scarce, particularly in a secondary education setting. The present quasi-experimental study took place in the context of a biology course involving 360 secondary school students. A 2?×?2 factorial research design was adopted. Learners were engaged in learning activities in a learning path. These learning activities (1) differed in design and (2) were either undertaken individually or collaboratively. Gender was considered as a critical co-variable, given the focus on science learning. All learning paths were developed on the basis of visual representations, but in the experimental design conditions, learners worked with learning paths designed according to Mayer's multimedia guidelines (2003). Multilevel analyses were applied to study the impact on learning outcomes according to the design of learning paths, the individual/collaborative setting, and the co-variable gender. The study provides empirical evidence that both the design and the group setting (collaborative versus individual) have an impact on learning outcomes. Although there was no main effect, several significant interaction effects with gender were found. The results are helpful to direct research about the design and implementation of learning paths in a secondary school setting and underpin the relevance of representation modes in science learning.     

《控制工程基础》课程实验教学的研究与探讨

针对目前《控制工程基础》课程在实验教学方面存在的实验类型缺乏、实验内容单一等问题,探讨采用“虚实结合”、验证性实验与综合性、设计创新性实验相结合的实验教学方式,按照课程教学重点及各专业特色设置实验项目,强化实验教学环节,培养学生的分析设计能力、工程实践能力和创新能力。     

Learning to Teach Creative Writing

Is it possible to teach people to write fiction? A more important and helpful question is: how do we teach creative writing? And who are the teachers? A published writer is not necessarily qualified to teach creative writing. To helpfully share their declarative knowledge with students, a writer must embrace the art and craft of teaching, consider how different students learn and create the optimum setting to enable learning. There is a parallel challenge for the writer with the student, as each is faced with challenges around their previously held assumptions about ways of learning.     

Treaty 2Us: the cultural turn in New Zealand education reform and the commerce of curriculum

How do Asia Pacific educators make sense of culture in the curriculum in terms appropriate to the twenty-first century? With the advance of globalization, is the idea of a culture (whether national, ethnic, or indigenous) as a way of life sustainable? In such a paradoxical setting where global forces appear to both affirm and undercut local cultures, how can educators navigate and negotiate the global cultural interactions required to make the curriculum an acceptable path for cultural formation? This essay uses a cross-disciplinary form of historical analysis to focus on recent national curriculum reforms in New Zealand in order to explore the present contexts and concepts of culture.