架设理论与实践的桥梁--谈如何讲授马克思的劳动价值论

劳动价值论是马克思主义政治经济学的基石 ,劳动价值论科学与否直接决定着马克思主义经济学的生存死亡。在当前形势下 ,马克思的劳动价值论面临着许多的挑战。针对教学中如何迎接新挑战 ,正确解答这一理论难题 ,提出了一些解题的思路和行之有效的办法     

跨越理论与实践的鸿沟:教育叙事研究

叙事是人们表达思想的有力方式,普遍地存在于文学艺术作品和我们的日常生活、工作当中。自从20世纪80年代开始,叙事研究被作为教师的研究方法运用于教育领域,并逐渐形成一种潮流,之后在我国开始兴起。近年来,出了不少相关的研究成果,而且也将这种方法运用于教师的教育教学经验研究中。一、教育叙事研究兴起和发展的原因传统的教育科研方法在揭示教育的本质、探索教育活动的规律等许多方面有着非常突出的贡献。但由于遵循自然科学的范式,将生动鲜活的教育生活抽象地量化,或用一种纯思辩的方式“使简单的道理复杂化,使复杂的更加复杂”。这样…     

浅析教育实践者轻视理论的原因——由“理论脱离实践”想到

当前教育领域中存在着比较严重的轻视理论的现象,针对这一现象,本文首先分析了教育理论的属性以及教育理论和实践的关系问题,并在此基础上重点剖析了教育界轻视理论的深层原因。     

发展性阅读障碍理论及研究范式简介

目前对发展性阅读障碍(Developmental Dyslexia,DD)的理论解释主要有语音缺陷论、小脑缺陷论及一般性大细胞功能障碍理论。在这些理论基础上,研究者们采用Oddball范式、侧抑制范式、RSVP范式、TOT范式、半视野呈现范式以及错误记忆范式等对DD的特点与本质进行了全面系统的研究。本文简略阐述了DD的理论基础以及DD研究中的各种实验范式,以期更多的人参与到DD的实验研究中来。     

阅读障碍的"成分模型"检测及亚类型鉴定原理和应用

本文主要从理论与实践两方面对基于阅读成分理论的阅读障碍"成分模型"的理论基础、检测及亚类型鉴定操作原理以及可行性和有效性进行详细阐释;同时简要分析了汉语阅读过程潜在成分及其性质以及"成分模型"在汉语阅读障碍检测中可行性探究,旨在为汉语阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定提供一个基于阅读成分理论,以干预为导向,科学合理、简便易施的理论模型,以避免单一采用"差异模型"进行阅读障碍检测的弊端以及我国阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定方面存在的混乱现象,促使汉语阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定朝着更加科学化的方向前进.     

浅析教育理论与实践的阻隔

教育理论与实践之间常常存在一定的差距,即阻隔。这些阻隔分为客观必然阻隔和主观偶然阻隔。造成客观必然阻隔的原因是教育理论与教育实践发展的不平衡,以及受不同的客观因素制约。造成主观偶然阻隔的主要原因有:重思辨轻实践,重归纳轻演绎,缺乏本土意识;孤芳自赏,排斥教育理论;因循守旧缺乏创新,观念虽新实践不足;教育概念不规范,教育命题应然当实然;教育评价只有终结性,忽视形成性评价。实现教育理论与实践的贯通,要提高认识,提高理论水平与实践能力,加强应用研究,建立科学的教育评价体系。     

Mom Expo: Bridging the Gap Between Local Women and Perinatal Resources

The purpose of this project was to describe the implementation of a perinatal health fair intended to connect local women to holistic resources. Researchers used participatory strategies to develop the health fair with local women and perinatal educators. Researchers evaluated the health fair using pragmatic measures based on the (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework. Forty-two attendees were reached and 23 educators hosted booths and educational sessions. Feedback indicated strong enthusiasm for future similar events. Nearly three quarters of the time spent implementing the health fair was devoted to building relationships within the community. Overall, this project provides practical and empirical information to inform the planning, implementation, and evaluation of perinatal health fairs that establish meaningful connection between local women, perinatal educators, and health researchers.     

教学道德性的偏失与回归

教学的道德性已经成为教学的共识和追求,但认识与实践之间却存在不小的差距,具体表现在教学设计伦理、活动意义追问、学生思想表达、人际关系处理等方面.本文结合教育案例对相关问题进行辨析,以期丰富对教学道德性的理解.     

Bridging the Cultural Gap by Teaching Multicultural Literature

As multicultural literature has made its way into the English curriculum, it has challenged teachers' thinking about curriculum and instruction and urged them to expand their teaching repertoire to include a cultural-response approach to literature instruction. This article reports on a group of secondary English teachers' exploration and reflection on their learning and teaching of multicultural literature. The author argues that teachers must increase their own cultural knowledge and develop their sensitivity and teaching skills to promote cross-cultural understanding and use multicultural literature to validate expressions of cultural knowledge, perspectives, and differences.     

Physical Activity Promotion in Greek Preschools: The Gap Between Theory and Practice

Recent research evidence has revealed that Greek preschoolers’ physical activity (PA) levels are not satisfactory. Taking into account the amount of time spent daily in preschool settings as well as the finding that preschool appears to be a significant predictor of children’s PA, the aim of the present study is to provide an overview of the role of Greek preschool settings in children’s PA promotion. For that purpose, data regarding PA in Greek preschools are presented and the possible relevance of school characteristics to PA enhancement, namely the curriculum, school facilities and equipment, are critically discussed. Emphasis is also given to the need for the inclusion of developmentally appropriate physical education in the daily school schedule. Last but not least, the importance, of training not only the physical educators but also preschool teachers in promoting their students' PA is underscored.     

Bridging the Gap: probationer educational psychologists' use of computer-mediated conferencing

Twelve educational psychologists in training on the M.Sc. course at the University of Strathclyde were provided with e-mail and on-line computer conferencing facilities with the aim of developing critical thinking and transferable information technology skills. A follow-up 6 months after the end of the course revealed that the use of computer-mediated conferencing increased the amount of and improved the structure of exchanges between educational psychologists in training, which helped them to bridge the gap between the course and the commencement of their probationary period. The findings from this case study highlight the importance of computer-mediated conferencing for the training of educational psychologists. The implications for educational psychology services are also discussed.     

理解与实践——对理论与实践关系的一种诠释学反思

囿于理论哲学的视角,马克思主义哲学传统教科书对理论与实践关系的理解存在其不足,未能揭示从理论到实践转化的关键性环节。从实践哲学的视角来看,实践总是关涉可变的事物或事物的可变性,实践者必须借助于理解的具体化在普遍的原则和变动的实际之间进行协调一致,才能做出合理的行为,因此,理解的具体化,成为从理论到实践的必要中介。     

Bridging the Research-to-Practice Gap in School-Based Consultation: An Example Using Case Studies

Intervention integrity or adherence describes qualities of carrying out an intervention plan and in research is fundamentally linked to experimental validity questions addressed by measurement of independent and dependent variables. Integrity has been well described in conceptual writing but has been a continuing thorny subject in research and practice with some possibility of misunderstandings. In consultation practice, in contrast to research, adherence questions may be best viewed as a triage situation in that teams examine risks and costs of decisions and plan for sufficient intervention implementation checks accordingly. Furthermore, in consultation practice the measurement of intervention adherence is not necessarily needed for internal validity arguments if internal validity evidence is a key characteristic of prior research used in problem solving. However, adherence estimates remain critical for many aspects of decision making. As much thought and resources may be dedicated to the measurement of intervention adherence as are dedicated to the measurement of dependent variables or outcome measures for both consultation practice and research depending on the decision purpose.     

The Learning Research Cycle: Bridging Research and Practice

A science teacher and her mentor reflect on their participation in the Learning Research Cycle, a professional learning model that bridges research and practice in both university and public school contexts. Teachers do scientific research in scientists’ laboratories, then bridge their scientific experiences with the design of new classroom learning environments and teacher-driven educational research projects. Science students do scientific research via their teachers’ lessons that bridge laboratory research with classroom learning. Scientists and educational researchers bridge their research interests to create new questions centered on teaching and learning in authentic science learning environments. The authors engaged in this qualitative inquiry present their perspectives on “what goes on,” “what we have learned,” and “what it means to the larger community.”     

再认识高等教育扩张的经济增长效应:架起高储蓄与高增长之间的桥梁

传统研究主要基于教育支出和人力资本的角度,分析教育扩张的经济增长效应.本文基于教育扩张的桥梁作用,即高等教育扩张有助于储蓄转换为投资或消费,重新认识了高等教育扩张的增长效应.基于省级面板数据的回归分析发现,储蓄有助于高等教育规模扩张;在未控制高等教育规模的增长计量方程中,储蓄对增长的作用效果并不显著;控制高等教育规模变量后,储蓄对增长的作用效果显著为负,而高等教育规模变量显著为正.也就是说,高等教育在储蓄与增长之间扮演了非常重要的中间桥梁作用,如果储蓄不能转换为有效投资或消费,纯粹的储蓄并不能促进经济增长.而高等教育能够加速储蓄的转换,从而有助于推动增长.     

重构理论与实践的纽带——论教师职前教育实习的改革

教育实习是教师职前教育的重要组成部分,是理论与实践的初步结合过程,对教师的职前培养具有极为重要的意义。但我国目前的教育实习却存在诸多弊端,难以适应基础教育课程改革的推进,需要进行全面的改革。