中美医学信息学本硕教育现状对比分析与启示

[目的/意义]对比分析中美高校医学信息学本科、硕士教育概况，为我国未来医学信息学教育提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程]以院校开设时间、院校层次为筛选标准，从中美开展医学信息学教育的高校中各选取10所代表性高校为研究对象，通过网络调研，从基本要求、课程设置、师资力量、教育教学方式、就业前景等方面对中美医学信息学本科、硕士教育概况进行综合分析。[结果/结论]我国医学信息学本硕教育虽经历几十年的探索和实践并取得一定成就，但与美国相比，我国还存在一些不足，如在入学基本要求方面，注重本科教育，高层次人才培养体系不完善；在课程设置方面，课程内容设置单调，非医学基础课程占比过高，学科交叉融合不明显；在师资力量方面，教师学科背景单一，职称结构分布不平衡；在教育教学方式方面，教师教学方式简单，学生实践机会较少；在就业前景方面，学生知识体系不系统，就业前景局限。未来我国应顺应大数据科学研究范式发展要求，加快培养高层次医学信息学人才；改善课程体系和内容设置，拓宽学科知识体系；优化师资力量配置，吸引多学科背景人才；丰富培养方式，注重理论与实践相结合。     

Teaching First-year Medical Students Where to Go First: Connecting Information Needs to e-resources

The purpose of this project was to introduce first-year medical students to electronic resources that are best suited for different types of background questions. Specific questions from a case study were presented, and the students generalized them into a “type” of question. They then identified the best e-resources for that type of question. This is their first introduction to the lifelong learning competency in the Indiana University School of Medicine competency-based curriculum.     

Book Discussion Course: Timely Topics for Medical Students

Several library faculty members at the Louisiana State University Health Shreveport Health Sciences Library offered a book discussion course as an elective for first-year medical students. This article provides details on how the librarians developed, taught, and evaluated this elective. The librarians took a team-teaching approach, required the students to read two books, and outlined the criteria for participation. At the end of the course, the students completed an evaluation, commenting on positive and negative aspects of the course. The elective proved to be successful, and the librarians look forward to offering the course again in the spring of 2014.     

Leaving the Lecture Behind: Putting PubMed Instruction into the Hands of the Students

This column describes the development of a one-shot PubMed instruction class for medical students at a health sciences library. Background information on the objective is presented and discussed in the context of educational practice literature. The new course design centers on a guided group method of instruction in order to integrate more active learning. Surveyed students reported that the method was an effective way to learn how to search PubMed and that they preferred it to a traditional lecture. Pros and cons of the method are offered for other health sciences libraries interested in presenting PubMed instruction in a similar manner.     

Innovative Methods for Providing Instruction to Distance Students Using Technology

Abstract

Bibliographic instruction is one of the major challenges facing libraries that support distance students. Most libraries have neither the budget nor staff to send librarians to all places students might be located. This paper will examine three innovative methods tried at Nova Southeastern University for providing quality bibliographic instruction to distance students: one synchronous, another asynchronous, and the third combining features from both synchronous and asynchronous methods of delivering instruction.     

Librarians Flip for Students: Teaching Searching Skills to Medical Students Using a Flipped Classroom Approach

This article describes the development of a flipped classroom instructional module designed by librarians to teach first- and second-year medical students how to search the literature and find evidence-based articles. The pre-class module consists of an online component that includes reading, videos, and exercises relating to a clinical case. The in-class sessions, designed to reinforce important concepts, include various interactive activities. The specifics of designing both components are included for other health sciences librarians interested in presenting similar instruction. Challenges encountered, particularly in the live sessions, are detailed, as are the results of evaluations submitted by the students, who largely enjoyed the online component. Future plans are contingent on solving technical problems encountered during the in-class sessions.     

PubMed Instruction for Medical Students: Searching for a Better Way

In 2007, Duke University Medical Center Library instituted an interactive, online PubMed tutorial and quiz for medical students to replace an in-person lecture. This article describes the events leading to this educational paradigm shift and how the tutorial was implemented. Important concerns in the switch to an online approach to PubMed training were student satisfaction and the extent to which searching skills would improve. To determine the effectiveness of the online model, two years of student quizzes and evaluations were examined. Results indicate that students benefit from and appreciate the interactive tutorial.     

医学生心理健康问题与图书馆阅读疗法

文章对医学生心理健康与心理健康教育的现状进行了分析,认为目前我国大学生的心理健康教育缺乏专业的心理健康教育团队,心理健康教育课程也不完善,并且缺乏综合性的管理机制;论证了图书馆阅读疗法对于当今的医学生心理健康教育的可行性,提出了开展阅读疗法的具体措施。     

Isolated to Integrated: An Evolving Medical Informatics Curriculum

ABSTRACT

A library-led introductory informatics theme has been part of the Albany Medical College undergraduate medical school curriculum as a concurrent theme since 1993. Initially, classes were limited to large group sessions focusing on general searching skills. Over the past several years, course content has been expanded and increasingly integrated into other themes and clerkships. Web-based self-paced tutorials have replaced many classroom sessions, and Web 2.0 technologies have been introduced. Collaborations with clinical and basic science faculty in other themes supplement and strengthen the theme.     

我国医学信息管理学教育的历史、现状与未来

回顾1985年以来国内医学信息管理学的发展历程,分析我国医学信息管理学本科、研究生学历教育的现状,最后从学科定位、科学研究和学位点建设三个视角提出医学信息管理学教育的发展策略。
     

近五年国际医学信息学研究热点与前沿分析——基于22种高影响力外文期刊的文献计量研究

文章结合2010版JCR中Medical Informatics目录下的22种高影响力的外文期刊作为研究对象,以2007年到2011年为研究时限,并利用TDA、SPSS12．0、CiteSpacelI等统计分析工具,结合共现词聚类、突变术语检测等文献计量方法,分析了医学信息学的研究热点与前沿。认为信息技术应用与卫生信息分析方法是近五年来医学信息学的两大研究维度,且存在相互促进的关系;医学信息学在近五年间经历了从信息技术应用、卫生信息分析方法繁荣期到以新技术应用、新方法发明为主题的转型期,再到2011年的平稳期,今后的发展趋势可能是以服务卫生保健为目标,开发新的功能。     

图书馆为高师院校大学生提供就业指导工作的思考

当前大学生就业面临着严峻考验,大学生就业已经成为关系到学生切身利益和高校前途命运乃至社会稳定的大事。本文分析了当前师范院校大学生的就业形势和大学生的择业心理,阐述了图书馆应该紧密配合学校有关部门,积极开展大学生就业服务工作。     

How Medical Students Discover and Use Medical Information Tools

Abstract

Many studies have examined how medical faculty and fourth-year medical students use information tools. Few studies have investigated how first, second, and third-year medical students discover and use information tools. In fall 2018, first, second, and third-year medical students received emails describing a study, which included a three-question survey and four interview questions. Of the 525 students, 122 completed the survey and 18 completed interviews. Results showed that clinical students most frequently use UpToDate, but preclinical students use multiple information tools. This report shows librarians can positively influence how preclinical students use information tools during medical school.     

Librarian Participation in Expanding the Pool of Potential Medical Students

This article reports on the results of an exploratory survey to determine if librarians actively participate in medical school student recruiting programs. It looks specifically at what librarians are doing to assist with recruitment and what biomedical career resources their libraries offer. The survey link was e-mailed to all U.S. medical school library directors, who were asked to forward it to the appropriate librarian. Out of 113 medical schools, 68 (60%) responded to most questions. Forty-three (86%) of 50 item respondents do participate in such activities, and 29 (67%) of 43 item respondents have been doing so for more than five years. Thirty-two (64%) of 50 item respondents provide resources on biomedical careers in the libraries.     

Wiki Technology Enhanced Group Project to Promote Active Learning in a Neuroscience Course for First-Year Medical Students: An Exploratory Study

A wiki group project was integrated into a neuroscience course for first-year medical students. The project was developed as a self-directed, collaborative learning task to help medical students review course content and make clinically important connections. The goals of the project were to enhance students’ understanding of key concepts in neuroscience, promote active learning, and reinforce their information literacy skills. The objective of the exploratory study was to provide a formative evaluation of the wiki group project and to examine how wiki technology was utilized to enhance active and collaborative learning of first-year medical students in the course and to reinforce information literacy skills.     

Providing Library Instruction to Distance Learning Students in the 21st Century

ABSTRACT

This study examines the variety of instructional practices employed in distance learning librarianship from the end of the 20th Century through the early beginnings of the 21st Century. The authors provide a thorough review of the literature on distance learning library instruction, and the study highlights the instructional services provided at two academic institutions with distinctly different clienteles and missions-one a large American university and the other a large Caribbean university.     

Good Intentions: Providing Students with Skills to Avoid Accidental Plagiarism

This article explores one librarian's experience with creating and implementing a plagiarism seminar as part of the library liaison program to the School of Public Health and Health Professions at the University at Buffalo. The changes and evolution of the seminar over several iterations are described. This article also examines student perceptions, misperceptions, and reactions to the plagiarism workshop.     

Asking a Great Question: A Librarian Teaches Questioning Skills to First-Year Medical Students

In a single one-hour session, first-year medical students were taught a framework for differentiating between lower-order questions that lead to knowledge of facts and higher-order questions that lead to integration of concepts and deeper learning, thereby preparing them for problem-based learning (PBL). Students generated lists of questions in response to an assertion prompt and categorized them according to Bloom's Taxonomy. These data were analyzed in addition to data from the course exam, which asked them to formulate a higher-level question in response to a prompt. Categorizing questions according to Bloom's Taxonomy was a more difficult task for students than was formulating higher-order questions. Students reported that the skills that they learned were used in subsequent PBL sessions to formulate higher-order learning objectives that integrated new and previously-learned concepts.     

Advancing Research Data Management in the Social Sciences: Implementing Instruction for Education Graduate Students Into a Doctoral Curriculum

Research data management (RDM) skills are vital yet often untaught in graduate programs, especially in the social sciences. In this article, the authors present a case study of how a research data librarian and an education librarian partnered to provide targeted RDM instruction for a previously unconsidered student group: education doctoral students. They discuss the design, development, and implementation of this focused RDM support. Assessment data from a workshop and in-class sessions are presented and contextualized. From this information, the authors offer practical suggestions that other social science librarians can use to create similar workshops at their institutions.     

美国医学信息学教育的发展及其启示

目的：梳理美国生物医学信息学教育博、硕士培养的学科体系、课程设置、培养方案和培养方向的变化,为我国医学信息学教育提供参考.方法：通过网络调查,纵向比较斯坦福大学、哥伦比亚大学的课程体系设置,同时与华盛顿大学、新泽西医科和牙科大学的培养方案进行横向比较.结果：4所高校的培养目标基本一致,培养层次以硕士研究生、博士研究生为主.本科阶段的学习使学生具有较全面的医学专业知识因而了解医学领域信息需求.课程设置方面信息学与医学结合非常紧密.结论：我国应重新设计医学信息专业基础医学课程,使学生能够深入理解医学领域的本质和特点及其信息需求,从而找到信息与医学的结合点.