亚洲青年人力资源开发政策、模式及其借鉴

随着经济的发展与人口结构年轻化的加速,青年人的就业问题日益突显。亚洲各国为了适应经济全球化的进程,在人力资源开发方面都做了重要部署,特别是在青年人力资源的开发上,各国都进行了专门的规划,以提高青年人的就业适应性。文章着重分析了日本、新加坡、泰国、马来西亚等亚洲国家的青年人力资源开发体系与政策框架,并对我国人资源开发政策的制定与实施提出建议。     

高职院校“六位一体”青春健康教育方案的构建与实践

通过组建青春健康教育研究团队,制定教育方案加强青春健康教育师资培训,成立青春健康同伴社,打造青春健康俱乐部,明确青春健康教育内容,实施“六位一体”青春健康教育实践策略等,使“六位一体”的青春健康教育方案以学生需求为中心,以学校为实施主体,充分依托家庭、社会的协同教育功能有效推进青春健康教育活动的深入开展。     

政策工具视角下农民工职业教育与培训政策文本研究

以国家层面颁布的32份有关农民工职业教育与培训政策文本为研究对象,采用内容分析法,借助Nvivo质性分析软件,从政策工具和政策发展过程两个维度,探究我国农民工职业教育与培训实施过程中政策制定存在的问题。研究发现:农民工职业教育与培训政策随着发展过程、政策工具的使用逐步丰富和完善,政策工具使用呈现出显著的非均衡性。因此建议,降低环境型政策工具的使用,并合理优化其内部结构;适度增加供给型政策工具的使用,主要加强师资建设政策工具的使用;着力增加需求型政策工具的使用,充分发挥市场机制对农民工职业教育与培训的拉动作用。     

农村青年接受职业教育的障碍分析及发展建议

职业教育是开发农村人力资源的重要手段。当前,农村青年接受职业教育存在体制、运行机制、现实条件等多方面的障碍。促进农村青年接受职业教育,在宏观政策层面上,应寻求一种合适的中央政府补贴制度;规范办学机制,突出职业教育的层次特殊性及区域特殊性;成立专门负责职业教育的机构;打破职业教育的城乡分割局面。在微观层面上,应优化专业和课程设置,突出各职业院校特色,走产学结合的道路。     

NEETs in Spain: an analysis in a context of economic crisis

This article presents the research results from a study that was conducted on Spanish youths aged 25–29 years who are neither in employment nor education and training (NEET). Their characteristics were analysed as well as the differential aspects in relation to people who are in employment, education or training. A typology of NEETs was also established based on their availability for and attitude towards employment, and the similarities and differences between the diverse subgroups were analysed. A mixed methodology was used: a quantitative perspective, which enabled a statistical and regression analysis using data that were obtained through questionnaires, and a qualitative perspective based on a biographical interview, which made it possible to focus on perceptions and processes. The results enable us to identify the common characteristics of the NEET population as well as the perceptions and determining factors of the three typologies.     

Youth Education Attainment and Participation in Europe: the role of contextual factors and the scope of education policy

This article examines how certain contextual factors explain levels of education attainment and participation amongst youths in 30 European countries, whilst also exploring the scope for action of education policy when dealing with these issues. Through simple OLS regressions, we first evaluate the impact of a group of contextual indicators on the percentage of the population aged 20 to 24 having completed at least upper secondary education (education attainment) and the number of students aged 18 as a percentage of the corresponding age population (education participation). Secondly, through multivariate OLS analysis, we identify the net impact of some of these factors on the levels of education participation of 18-year-olds. The results show the significance of three factors: low-skilled occupation, the structure of public spending on education, and the importance of vocational education programmes in secondary education.     

埃里克森的"自我同一性"理论对中职教育的启示

埃里克森创建了以自我同一性为核心的人格发展渐成说。他认为自我同一性的形成是一个终生的过程,但由于生理、心理、社会等方面的原因,青年面临同一性危机,处于同一性形成的关键时期。中等职业教育的教育对象正处于同一性危机期,埃里克森的理论对中等职业教育在课程内容、专业设置、教育方式等方面有着重要的启示。     

中美青少年科技竞赛奖励政策比较研究

青少年科技竞赛活动是中美两国科技创新后备人才选拔和培养的重要途径.英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛和科学人才选拔赛是美国两大著名青少年科技竞赛项目,借鉴这两项竞赛项目设立的青少年科技创新大赛和“明天小小科学家”奖励活动是目前中国最具影响力的两项青少年科技竞赛项目.本文从奖项类型、获奖等级配置、奖励形式、奖励对象四个方面对中美青少年科技竞赛项目的奖励政策进行了比较研究,并提出了规范奖励政策、丰富奖励形式、优化奖项设置结构等完善我国青少年科技竞赛奖励政策的政策建议.     

信息时代中的青少年德育

在华人社会,道德教育一直以来都是教育最基本的组成部分,因为培养有道德的人是教育的首要任务。道德教育的实施,其实是培植那些反映道德标准的价值观。然而,信息时代的出现及充斥在互联网上的大量信息,已改变了教育的方式,并向传统的道德教育发出挑战。在这一背景下,我们建议中国的教育工作者应寻求实践道德教育的新途径,以迎接网络世界的出现。崇高空洞的道德标准应让位给简洁易懂的观念,比如“尊重”。我们应该积极的去探索“网络世界”中的信息和观念,而不是一味的避免。有启发性和适切的道德教育应建基于儿童和青少年的发展需要和真正兴趣之上。华人社会的德育工作者,包括学校教师,家长,非正式教育的组织者,都应共同努力去了解虚拟的网络世界,并设计出可行的方法来适应新形势下的教育需要。     

Lifelong learning policies for vulnerable young adults in post-recession Scotland

Abstract

This article shows how the Scottish Government’s (SG) political management of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) has reinforced the economic goals of lifelong learning (LLL) under the skills for work agenda. Youth unemployment has been prioritized as the main social problem to be addressed, and most of the limited public resources for LLL have been targeted towards youth at risk of unemployment at the expense of the rest of the adult population. The article adopts a Cultural Political Economy perspective to examine LLL policy discourses contained in 12 policy documents published by the SG during the period between the Scottish National Party’s arrival in power and the Independence Referendum (2007–2014). The analysis draws attention to the fact that the GFC has been used by the SG to legitimize selective cuts to the further education sector as well as a stronger labour market orientation within LLL provision.     

State intervention and teacher education for vocational educators in England and Scotland

Background:?The paper compares and contrasts the policy context of teacher training for vocational educators (VETT) in Scotland and England and locates this in its European setting. It explores the wider socio-economic context, one that emphasises lifelong learning, competitiveness and social justice.

Purpose:?In particular, it addresses the UK Coalition government‘s orientation to vocational teacher education and the way in which this impacts upon VETT in the two home nations.

Sources of evidence:?It draws on a small-scale illuminative case study of teacher educators in England and Scotland.

Main argument:?It explores the limits and possibilities for the development of radical and critical practices embedded in VETT policy and practice.     

西班牙巴斯克职业教育中创新型人才培养方案的设计及对我国的启示

文章通过介绍西班牙巴斯克地区在职业教育中对创新型人才培养方案的设计,分析西班牙巴斯克地区职业教育的成功经验,结合当前我国职业教育人才培养方案中存在的质量标准不规范、职业教育所用技术和管理手段缺乏创新等问题,借鉴西班牙巴斯克地区职业教育的做法,对我国职业教育人才培养提出采用统一的质量认证标准、通过政策和制度保证职业教育创新等建议。     

欧盟继续职业教育与培训政策述评

自21世纪以来,欧盟出台了一系列继续职业教育与培训方面的政策。这些政策着眼于继续职业教育的指导思想的确立、人力资本投资、提高社会凝聚力、加强欧盟职业教育合作等方面。由于欧盟继续职业教育政策还存在着一定局限性,因此客观地评价这些政策显得尤为重要。     

论“双减”背景下职业教育发展新趋势

“双减”政策的出台后,教育培训市场被整顿。职业教育作为教育培训领域新的风口,将会迎来大量教育培训机构的转入。面对教育培训机构的竞争,职业教育未来要把握经济社会发展“新常态”,走优质化高质量办学之路;要适应“互联网+”时代的新要求,走创新型现代化办学之路;要适应产业发展新需求,走产教融合的办学之路;要适应市场发展需求,走学历教育与职业培训并举之路。     

永远的知青人——浅析知青小说中的“知青情结”

知识青年＂上山下乡＂运动已经结束多年,而在文学界及思想界,它的影响却并未随着时间的推移而消失。正是由于当年轰轰烈烈的＂上山下乡＂运动,使新时期文学中出现了独特的一景——知青文学。它以其独特的内容和思想内涵吸引了包括知青在内的整整几代人的目光。＂上山下乡＂运动到今年已过去近半个世纪,而知青文学也历经了从幼稚到成熟,从单纯到深刻的蜕变,但贯穿其中、始终如一的是作品中难以挣脱的＂知青情结＂。本文以时间为顺序浅析知青文学在不同时期的流程,并从中揭示出贯穿其中的＂知青情结＂。     

深化未成年人思想道德教育的思考

当前,我国未成年人思想道德教育面临严重困境。对未成年人思想道德建设重要性认识不足、重视不够,全社会关心支持未成年人思想道德建设的风气尚未形成,学校教育中重智育轻德育、重课堂教学轻社会实践,家庭对子女的教育出现空白点等,是导致这一困境的重要原因。对此,从整体的视角,全面改革和优化现行的社会、学校和家庭德育,应是成效之举。     

成人教育促进青年失业无业群体社会流动的使命

伴随着我国经济与社会的转型,弱势群体的生存状态越来越成为学术界和政府关心的问题,其中青年失业无业群体是弱势群体中的重要组成部分,成为困扰我国经济社会发展的一个问题。成人教育应加强对这一群体的关注,通过提升文化和生活技能、提高职业技能、加强心理辅导、保障就业权利、形成社会支持网络等方式来帮助青年失业无业群体实现向上流动。     

青少年诚信教育探微

当前面对多元化的价值选择冲突，青少年这个特殊群体中出现了诚信危机，为此青少年德育工作应该特别重视诚信教育。     

非洲青年就业及职业技能积累问题研究

非洲青年人口中有60%处于失业状态,导致青年人口贫困的同时,也使其成为社会稳定的扰动因素。非洲青年人口就业的结构性矛盾突出,该群体的低技能特征使之无法满足岗位需求,大部分人处于失业状态或徘徊在非正规就业领域,就业质量差且就业稳定性低。建议通过加强正规教育和在职培训提升该群体的就业能力：一方面,从长期看,基础教育应努力实现适龄人口全覆盖,中高等教育要不断提升教育层次和受教育年限,为接受职业教育奠定基础;另一方面,从中短期看,不断增加对职业技术教育的投入,提升职业技术教育和培训的质量与针对性。     

Problematising vocational education and training in schools: using student narratives to interrupt neoliberal ideology

ABSTRACT

In Australia, like many western countries, there has been a convergence of education policy around a set of utilitarian and economistic approaches to vocational education and training in schools. Such approaches are based on the assumption that there is a direct relationship between national economic growth, productivity and human capital development resulting in the persuasive political argument that schools should be more closely aligned to the needs of the economy to better prepare ‘job ready’ workers. These common sense views resonate strongly in school communities where the problem of youth unemployment is most acute and students are deemed to be ‘at risk’, ‘disadvantaged’ or ‘disengaged’. This article starts from a different place by rejecting the fatalism and determinism of neoliberal ideology based on the assumption that students must simply ‘adapt’ to a precarious labour market. Whilst schools have a responsibility to prepare students for the world of work there is also a moral and political obligation to educate them extraordinarily well as democratic citizens. In conclusion, we draw on the experiences of young people themselves to identify a range of pedagogical conditions that need to be created and more widely sustained to support their career aspirations and life chances.