Managing Architectural Records in the House that Rubber Built: A Case Study in Multi-Disciplinary Collaboration in Museum Archives

Managing architectural records presents a number of challenges, especially in museums and historic sites where a number of disciplines tend to converge. This case study will chronicle the architectural drawings project at Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens in Akron, Ohio that occurred in two phases over a fifteen-year period. It will present the situations that arose and the multi-disciplinary approaches devised to solve them. It also will illustrate how collaboration across several inherently different yet related professions—including archivists, objects curators, and restoration architects—produced the best outcome and how others can apply these methods to address similar projects.     

博物馆学习视角下的展览环境效果评估——以展线与照明设计对观众注意力的影响研究为例

博物馆学习的研究成果表明,展览除了可以通过自身的内容来对观众施加影响之外,环境设计也同样会对观众的参观效果产生影响。因此,合理评估展览环境的效果、并针对性地发现环境设计中的不足之处,将有助于展览提升总体的教育效果和观众的参观体验。本文以2017—2018年间在山东博物馆所进行的一系列博物馆学习相关研究与展览评估实践为基础,从观众的注意力水平入手,计算展厅中各个区域的“吸引力”,进而实现对展览环境效果的评估。此外,在这一过程中发现,展厅环境中的“展线”与“照明”设计,对观众的学习效果有潜在影响,值得引起博物馆在环境设计时的关注。     

Overcoming Obstacles to Preventive Conservation Projects in Italy: With a Case Study of the Savoy Carriage Collection of the Presidency of the Republic

ABSTRACT

Working on preventive conservation in Italy is difficult but not impossible. After small successes and setbacks convincing museums to adopt elements of preventive conservation in the 1990s, the first author (Rossi Doria) was contracted for 15 years to preserve the historic carriages and associated objects of the Presidency of the Republic of Italy. This required patience to overcome or circumvent obstacles such as an inflexible bureaucracy and the absence of any formal recognition of preventive conservation within the educational and contractual systems for heritage conservation. The key factors in his success were the support of the curators, the financial and planning autonomy of the Presidency, and the obvious need for conservation and preservation of these elegant and complex objects. The program began in 2001 with the recovery of the forgotten collection from inappropriate storage in several locations. The entire collection was surveyed and recorded, not only the carriages but also thousands of harnesses, saddles, clothing, fabrics, weapons and memorabilia. Multiple preventive and interventive actions were undertaken, such as pest eradication for all sensitive materials, environmental surveys, and everyday maintenance, as well as complex treatments for the ornate carriages. Analysis by country of published articles on preventive conservation and of IIC membership both confirm that the topic is not as well established in Italy as in many other countries. Some reasons and solutions are proposed.     

科技成就类科普展品的展示创意——以“创新决胜未来——庆祝改革开放40周年科技成就科普展”为例

本文围绕科技馆策划科技成就展的展品创意进行探讨,针对相关展览的现状及问题,分析展品的目的性及其与观众的联系,分别对展品创意中可能的展示点及展示手段进行了梳理归类,并以“创新决胜未来——庆祝改革开放40周年科技成就科普展”为实例,对展示点及展示手段在实际工作中的体现予以阐释。     

图书馆学科服务组织设计：耶鲁大学医学院范例研究

以耶鲁大学医学院图书馆的学科服务为范例进行研究,介绍该图书馆对学科服务的组织、安排、项目操作,包括联络馆员和个人图书馆员项目、信息素养教育及咨询培训服务等。耶鲁大学医学院图书馆将学科服务作为一项科学研究来从事,在日常工作中进行个性化服务尝试,总结经验,形成规范,进一步指导整体部门工作,值得国内研究型图书馆学习。     

科技馆短期展览安全性剖析——以中国杭州低碳科技馆为例

短期展览因具有形式灵活多变、内容覆盖范围宽泛、更新频率高、响应速度快等特点,在塑造科技馆形象、提高观众参观回头率方面发挥着举足轻重的作用,越来越受到各地科技馆的重视。但相对于常设展览而言,短期展览在安全性方面更容易受到时效性和资金投入等因素影响,另外由于科技馆观众的特殊性,短期展览安全性更低。本文归纳了科技馆展览安全要素,通过对中国杭州低碳科技馆近年来举办的主要短期展览进行总结分析,对安全性进行分类,以案例的形式进行剖析,提出相应对策。     

中华文明起源研究中“知识”“方法”与“精神”的展示——兼论科普展览的“多维目标取向”策展思路

以“中华文明探源工程”为代表的中华文明起源研究是可作为科普创作主题的重要题材。科技馆应在充分发掘其中丰富展览素材的基础上,汲取国内外科学教育界、博物馆和科技馆界的先进教育理念,采取“多维目标取向”的思路策划中华文明起源科普展,立体地、综合地呈现中华文明起源研究中的科学知识、科学方法、科学思想、科学精神及科学家精神。在有特定教育意义、教育目标的环境设计中“讲故事”“模拟再现科学探究实践”是实现“多维目标取向”展览的有效方法。学术研究作为策展前期的准备工作,也应该围绕这样的目标和手段展开。     

Understanding Roles and Functions of Academic Libraries as Innovation Intermediaries within the Service-Dominant Logic Perspective: An Australian Case Study

This study defines the academic library as an innovation intermediary that under the service-dominant logic perspective has a role of co-creator of value instead of a traditional service provider focused on collecting and exchanging knowledge. Innovation intermediaries develop a number of roles and functions to stimulate knowledge creation and transfer by supporting interactions and collaborations among multiple parties. As result, 2×2 Matrix was created to position each library's service based on its unique combination of necessary innovation roles and functions. A single case study focused on a university library and highlighted the existence of two different types of intermediaries: generalist and specialist.     

Examining the Library as a Site for Intervention: A Mixed-Methods Case Study Evaluation of the “Innovative Solutions to Homelessness” Project

Abstract

This study examined a project that delivered social work services to homeless individuals. A mixed-methods case study was conducted using quantitative and qualitative data from 93 library employees and the project’s Homelessness Prevention Outreach Worker (HPOW). There was an increase in the number of clients accessing community supports during the project, and the HPOW was integral to the provision of support and resources to homeless individuals. Staff training was associated with significantly greater knowledge, comfort, and skills in working with homeless individuals. These findings can inform the delivery and implementation of similar programs for homeless individuals.     

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Conditions of relative humidity (RH) and temperature within museums and buildings holding collections of cultural heritage objects are often maintained around a strictly controlled set point of about 50 ± 5% RH and 20 or 21 ± 2°C to provide safe, stable conditions for hygroscopic artifacts. It has recently been proposed that these ranges should be relaxed to values that are less energy-intensive to maintain while still being safe for the objects in the collection, with the aim of reducing both carbon footprint and energy use. It is also suggested that conditions should be determined by the needs of individual objects and by the local climate of the region, rather than applying overall values across the museum as a whole. This proposal has led to much discussion within the conservation community. The suggested values, a stable humidity within the range 40–60% RH and a stable temperature within the range 16–25°C for most objects, apart from the most vulnerable, are derived from the results of experimental research on the responses of individual materials to particular conditions of RH and temperature, as well as observations of the behaviour of cultural heritage objects in their own environments and on loan. This paper describes briefly the historical and scientific background to the present discussion.     

如何发现博物馆之于观众的意义——一项基于深度访谈和叙事研究的观众研究的启发

最近十年间,博物馆观众研究取得一系列具有共识性和启发性的研究成果。然而,绝大多数研究都是站在博物馆的立场,经由观众研究的发现来审视展览传播的有效性,甚至为博物馆机构的合法性提供论据。鲜有研究去真正关注博物馆体验在观众的日常生活情景中究竟扮演着什么角色。基于此,本文将从米歇尔·埃弗雷特和玛格丽特·巴雷特的富有启发性的研究入手,详细讨论该研究的个体叙事、研究发现、研究对象、方法论框架、数据收集、数据分析等方面的内容,希冀为国内博物馆观众研究领域提供另一种具有可行性的研究路径。     

基于社会网络分析的移动环境下网络舆情信息传播研究——以新浪微博"雾霾"话题为例

[目的/意义]研究移动互联网络环境下舆情信息传播路径和传播规律,为相关部门加强社会舆情信息监管提供参考.[方法/过程] 在理论研究层面,基于社会网络分析法,从点度中心性、中间中心性和接近中心性3个属性出发,对移动端和非移动端雾霾网络舆情信息传播进行对比分析;在应用研究层面,以新浪微博中雾霾话题信息为例,采用Java编程方式接入新浪网API开放平台获取新浪微博数据,使用Gephi软件及数理统计分析工具绘制有关图表.[结果/结论]揭示了移动环境下网络舆情信息传播特点,验证了社会网络分析法在移动环境下网络舆情信息传播研究中的有效性,并为移动环境下网络舆情信息传播的研究提供了新的研究视角,为实践层面移动环境下网络舆情信息监管提供了分析工具.     

超低温冷冻柜防治古籍害虫的问题探析——以宜春学院图书馆为例

低温冷冻杀虫技术是一种理想的物理杀虫方法。对宜春学院图书馆古籍虫害现状和低温冷冻杀虫过程中冷冻柜箱内温度的变化情况进行了具体的统计分析,对低温冷冻杀虫技术方法和程序中的问题进行了探讨,为今后制定统一的冷冻杀虫工作操作技术标准提供了参考依据。     

Building a New Paradigm: Analysis of a Case Study in Organizational Change in Collection Management Using Bolman's and Deal's Four-Frame Model

In 2010, the Oregon State University Libraries implemented changes to its organizational structure to align itself better with the university and respond to the ongoing fiscal crisis. The Collections & Resource Sharing Department was created at that time. This case study describes and analyzes changes in collection management using the four frames in Bolman's and Deal's model: structural, human resources, political, and symbolic. The article concludes with a discussion of ongoing challenges that are likely to require greater use of the political and symbolic frames for planning and implementing further changes.     

Nation and National Museums,a Contested Relationship: An Analysis of U.S. National Museums in the Twenty‐first Century

The motivation for this article arose from the wish to share our outside perspectives on how national museums in the U.S. mediate ideas of national identity. We are four students out of a larger group of 15 German students in Cultural Studies at Leuphana University of Lueneburg. We conducted empirical research on various national museums within the Smithsonian Institution and also on the soon‐to‐be‐opened National September 11 Memorial Museum in New York City. The objective of our research was to explore the role that American national museums play in a globalized world by investigating how such museums address changing national identities over time.     

Flipping the Business Information Literacy Classroom: Redesign,Implementation, and Assessment of a Case Study

A team of librarians at Purdue University transformed a business information literacy course from a traditional lecture, 40-student class into multiple sections of a flipped, 70-student classroom to meet the request that the successful course be required for all 500 undergraduate students. Scaling up required the adoption of flipped learning techniques for better utilization of library teaching resources. This case study provides key insights for others implementing credit classes or integrating similar content into one-shots or embedded work. It also describes the assessed results determined through student feedback (focus groups) and student performance (pre/post-tests).     

研究主题视域下零被引与高被引论文分析——以环境科学领域为例

[目的/意义]从主题视角对环境科学领域的零被引论文进行分析,对比零被引论文与高被引论文在文章内容、外在指标方面的不同,揭示零被引论文存在的原因。[方法/过程]首先,对来自Web of Science数据库的国内环境科学领域的260篇高被引论文、907篇零被引论文的摘要进行PLDA主题识别,然后通过主题相似度计算发现主题间的关联,以主题热度作为内部指标,发文时间、发文期刊作为外部评价指标,最后,把论文主题内容与外部指标结合进行零被引与高被引论文之间的相同主题、不同主题对比分析。[结果/结论]在研究主题相同情况下,期刊的影响因子大小是影响零被引论文的主要因素;在主题不同的情况下,论文研究的主题内容是导致零被引论文的主要原因。     

新媒体时代元素养教学设计与教学实践——以东北财经大学为例

[目的/意义] 在深入解读《高等教育信息素养框架》核心理念和内容的基础上开展元素养课程的教学设计,并在教学实践中进行评估和修正,以期为研究和构建元素养教育模式提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程] 采用案例研究方法,以东北财经大学信息素养教学改革为案例,研究新媒体环境下的元素养教育模式。[结果/结论] 从元素养教育的学习目标、学习内容、学习形式和考核评价方式等环节入手开展教学设计和教学活动,将社会情境和学术情境融入教学过程中,培养学生的批判性思维和反思等元认知能力。     

社会距离与第三者效果——中学生网络色情传播效果分析

本研究在网络情景下分析了中学生及家长在社会水平距离与垂直距离方面的第三者效果,发现在水平距离上,第三者效果作用明显。垂直距离对于第三者效果的影响要受到很多因素的制约,最主要的就是个体垂直距离主观感受强度会影响第三者效果。