The Effect of Catholic Schooling on Math and Reading Development in Kindergarten Through Fifth Grade

Abstract

Prior research estimating the effect of Catholic schooling has focused on high school, where evidence suggests a positive effect of Catholic versus public schooling. In this article, we estimate the effect of attending a Catholic elementary school rather than a public school on the math and reading skills of children in kindergarten through fifth grade. We use nationally representative data and a set of matching estimators to estimate the average effect of Catholic schooling and the extent to which the effect varies across educational markets. When we use public school students nationwide or within the same county to provide a counterfactual estimate of how Catholic school students would have performed in public schools, we find strong evidence indicating that Catholic elementary schools are less successful at teaching math skills than public schools (Catholic school students are 3–4 months behind public school students by third and fifth grade), but no more or less successful at teaching reading skills. Moreover, unlike prior research, we find no consistent evidence that the effects of Catholic schooling vary substantially by race or urbanicity, though our power to detect such differences is weak.     

The Effect of Propensity Score Matching Method on the Quantity and Quality of Matches

Often program administrators are interested in knowing how students benefit from participation in programs compared to students who do not participate. Such comparisons may be sullied by the fact that participants self-select into programs, resulting in differences between groups prior to programming. By controlling for researcher-identified–self-selection variables, propensity score matching enables researchers to create comparable matched groups. However, when employing propensity score matching, researchers are faced with a plethora of matching options. In the current study, we compared the quantity and quality of matches obtained when applying common matching techniques to real data. The methods produced matches of varying quantity and quality. Moreover, group comparisons on the outcome led to different conclusions depending on the matching method employed.     

A Study of the Relationship between the Diets and the Health of 25 Negro Families in Scotland Ville,Louisiana

Using a hypothetical data set, the authors provide concrete examples to illustrate that canonical correlation analysis is a general linear model, subsuming other parametric procedures as special cases. Specific statistical techniques included in the analysis are t tests, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, ANOVA, MANOVA, and discriminant analysis. The discussion is aided by an initial explanation of the logic of canonical analysis. Further, similarities between the canonical technique and other univariate and multivariate procedures are highlighted. The treatment is intended to reiterate a framework in which statistical concepts can be presented to students.     

影响发球运动员的心理因素及控制与训练

发球是排球比赛的开始 ,也是每次进攻的前奏。它是排球各项技术中唯一不直接受对方和同伴影响而由个人独立完成的技术。规则改变后不允许拦发球无形中增加了发球的攻击力 ,而每球得分制要求运动员既不能“死拼”而失误太多 ,也不能“保险”而无攻击性 ,有效的对策是加强发球训练 ,提高发球的质量和效果 ,尤其要注意影响发球运动员的心理因素     

论张翎小说中的生命意识

在当今海外华文女作家中,张翎以其开放的文化眼光和独特的精神气质而独树一帜。她的作品蕴含了丰富的生命意识,有对人类择水而居的生命隐喻,有对人类共性的积极探讨,有对美好生活的孜孜以求,有对苦难命运的坚忍超越,也有对人生无常的清醒认识,更有对人性光辉、人情温暖的揭示和悲天悯人的宗教情怀。所有这些无不体现了张翎对人类命运的哲学思考和对生命的终极关怀。     

Goals,data use,and instruction: the effect of a teacher professional development program on reading achievement

In this paper, we investigated whether student reading comprehension could be improved with help of a teacher Professional Development (PD) program targeting goals, data use, and instruction. The effect of this PD program on 2nd- and 3rd-grade student achievement was examined using a pretest-posttest control group design. Applying propensity score matching, 35 groups in the experimental condition were matched to 35 control groups. Students in the experimental condition (n = 420) scored significantly higher on a standardized assessment than the control condition (n = 399), the effect size being d = .37. No differential effects of the PD program were found in relation to initial reading performance or grade. Different model specifications yielded similar albeit smaller effect sizes (d = .29 and d = .30). At the end of the program, students in the experimental condition were more than half a year ahead of students in the control condition.     

Investigating the effect of school‐wide positive behavioral interventions and supports on student learning and behavioral problems in elementary and middle schools

Many states have scaled up School‐Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SW‐PBIS) with the goal of improving student behavior and academic outcomes. Although the effects of SW‐PBIS on behavioral and discipline outcomes have been promising, the findings for academic achievement have been inconclusive and are often limited to cross‐sectional data. This paper examined the longitudinal effect of SW‐PBIS on student behavioral problems and academic achievement growth in elementary and middle schools using propensity score matching. We found no statistically significant longitudinal effects of SW‐PBIS on either student behavior problems or academic achievement among elementary and middle schools in this quasi‐experimental design, even though the positive direction of longitudinal changes would be identified. The result raised questions about the efficacy of SW‐PBIS using a statewide achievement test when scaled up to a state level. Additional research is needed to better understand the impact of SW‐PBIS using rigorous scale‐up designs.     

“PDCA”循环控制法在高校学生干部培养中的应用

"PDCA"循环控制方法作为质量管理学中的重要概念,其应用已不再仅限于全面质量管理。文章从"PD-CA"循环控制方法的内涵入手,针对学生干部培养问题,探讨了"PDCA"循环控制方法在其管理中的应用。     

基于传感网的流体测控实训系统研究与开发

基于无线传感技术,在专业原有过程控制实训室的基础上设计了一套采用传感网实现的流体测控实训系统.该实训系统不仅将传感技术、通信技术、嵌入式技术及控制技术融于一体,而且还引入了虚拟仪器技术.整个系统结构清晰、扩展灵活,有助于大学生了解现代传感技术及其在流体测控领域中的应用.     

信息处理与控制技术综合实训中心建设探讨

按照"三对接、三层次、三促进"建设思路,打造信息处理与自动控制技术一体化的"理实一体、产训合一、虚实互补、开放共享"综合实训中心.从人才培养、师资队伍、管理规范、服务地方和专业文化展示等方面探讨了实训中心的平台建设,为应用型信息技术人才培养和实践教学基地建设形成示范和辐射效应.     

论新生代农民工职业培训中网络互动式学习

新生代农民工职业培训中网络互动式学习包涵着网校与学员、教师与学员、学员与网络、学员与学员间的互动。在策略上可以从教学组织管理、学习关系、学习内容与方式、教学评价等方面来构建实现。同时通过靠实责任,营造氛围,夯实基础,高标准创建站点;科学管理,健全队伍,强化监督,高水平管理站点;立足实际,突出重点,示范引领,高成效抓好学用来保障实施。     

探索校企结合的职工英语培训的教学模式

随着全球经济一体化的进程,我国石油行业“走出去”的战略思想日益明确和深入,国内大型石油企业不断拓展海外市场,因而他们对员工英语培训的要求日益迫切。文章从目前针对企业职工英语培训现状和存在问题出发,就学校应如何构建一套务实有效的校企结合的职工英语培训教学模式进行了探讨,内容涵盖培训教学模式建立的依据、特点和具体做法等。     

俄罗斯小学教师培训与再培训现状透析

今日俄罗斯初等教育的重建与其师资培训息息相关。因此，本文着重介绍了俄罗斯普通与职业教育部推出的旨在提高未来小学教师技能，强化在职小学教师职业自我完善的新举措，并对某些措施在实施过程中出现的一些问题进行概括总结，从而为思考我国小学教师培训与再培训提供良好的借鉴。     

基于教师胜任力发展的师资培训效果实证评估

师资培训能否促进教师胜任力发展是评估其效果的重要维度。基于教师胜任力发展视角,选取福建省职业教育师资培训作为个案,并从中总结凝练可资借鉴的经验。以效果评估为手段,不断提升师资培训质量;以教师胜任力发展为目标导向,注重师资培训后的跟踪考查;以突出专业针对性为保障,提高培训课程结构和教师发展需求结构的匹配度。     

面向培养卓越工程师的测控专业实践环节教学改革

面向培养卓越工程师,对测控技术与仪器专业的实践环节教学进行了改革。提出了对现有的实验设备进行基于LabVIEW的改革,包括液位测控系统和电加热炉温度测控系统。成果表明,对测控技术与仪器专业的卓越工程师培养,具有一定的参考价值。     

流体传动与控制方向卓越工程师培养方案的制订

针对应用型流体传动与控制专业方向卓越工程师的培养标准和知识能力的具体要求,以理论教学和工程项目实训教学相结合、专业能力逐级提升的培养理念为指导思想,制订流体传动与控制专业方向卓越工程师培养方案。介绍了培养方案中理论教学课程体系各模块所含主干课程,详细阐述了创新与实践教学体系各模块设置的出发点和对应的培养能力。     

The effects of morphological versus phonological awareness training in kindergarten on reading development

The aim of this study was toinvestigate the long-term effects of twodifferent training programs in kindergarten onreading development. One group received aprogram focusing on the phonological structureof words, while a second group received aprogram focusing on morphology. Both groupsalso had some print exposure focusing onphonological or morphological elementsrespectively. During their last pre-schoolyear, participants received training for 30minutes per week for a total of 17 weeks. Acontrol group received no intervention but wasregularly visited by the researcher and hadextensive print exposure. Both trained groupsshowed improvements in phonological,morphological and reading skills in comparisonto the Control Group. The effects of trainingvaried according to mother's educational level:Children of relatively highly educated mothersentered the pre-school training with betterdeveloped metalinguistic abilities thanchildren of less well educated mothers.Significant interactions between the groups andthe mother's educational level, for some of theschool reading measures, indicated thatdifferent training programs had differenteffects on different groups of children.Children of poorly educated mothers profitedthe most from metaphonological training whilechildren of highly educated mothers profitedthe most from metamorphological training.     

高等工程教育专业培养目标分析

本文旨在比较不同类型高校工科的本科或高职专业培养目标。文章首先阐述学校教育目标系统;随后采用内容分析法,选取"985"学校、"211"学校、一般本科院校和高等职业技术学院等4类高校各约80个工科本科或高职专业的培养目标进行对比分析。研究发现,高校工科本科专业培养目标具有趋同性,并存在缺乏科学性、规范性和可操作性等问题。政府应加大政策引导力度,促使高等学校以社会需求为导向,准确定位,推动高等学校的专业建设;高校亦应主动加强与社会的联系。     

高职环境监测与治理技术专业校内实践教学体系的改革与实践

本文针对本专业实践教学中存在的问题,对校内实践教学体系采取了相应的改革措施。改革独立实验课的运行方式和管理方法;建设校内实习基地,利用校内实验设施建成校内小型环境监测站和水处理站,模拟实际操作岗位对学生进行职业技能培训,与校外实习基地形成互补。通过三门独立实验课对基本操作能力的培训和实习基地的顶岗培训,分阶段、循序渐进地完成了学生的职业技能培训。