Teacher Reflection Narratives: A poststructural approach

This study focuses on critical incident analysis in initial teacher education and the part played by the professional learning conversation. A reflection framework was used to identify changes in levels of reflective practice. Conversational skills of the supervising teacher in recognising the ‘person’ in the student teacher, and their management of the student's emotions, appear central to unlocking and increasing critical reflective practice. Dialogues that focused only on training standards, using evidence from practice to ‘sign off’ particular standards, were concerned more with the routines of teaching and less with increased and considered analysis of practice and change.     

教师专业认同：教师教育改革的新视角

教育理论研究的深入和教育实践的迫切需要使得对教师专业认同的研究成为当今教师研究的重点之一。教师专业认同具有动态发展性、个体性和能动性,是提升教师生命意义的内在基础。我们应从关注教师的自我认同、注重职前专业学习和初任教师实习的经历、注重教师的实践性知识三方面反思和改善教师教育。     

Identity,Narrative and Practitioner Research: A Lacanian perspective

This paper sets out to show how some theoretical concepts derived from Lacanian psychoanalysis might be put to work in the business of reflective practitioner research in education. It seeks to offer a more sophisticated, reflexively produced account of researcher identity built out of the narrative generated within a research enquiry. It illustrates, with reference to examples of writing from a specific research project, carried out within the context of a higher degree, how one teacher-researcher has used the concepts in forging a more productive understanding of her own evolving identity as a researcher through a process predicated on developing her own professional functioning. Shifting perspectives are provided on what the researcher wants from the enquiry as the researcher herself unfolds and analyses the successive phases of her narrative.     

教研员身份认同的困惑:表现与原因——一位教研员的自我审视

在课程改革的推进过程中,教研员身份认同的困惑主要表现在对“我是谁”“我该做什么”“我的价值在哪里”这些问题的回答.究其原因,主要源于教研组织定位不明确、社会对教研员过高的角色期待、新时期教研组织的职能转变等方面,这些因素促使教研员对自身身份的认同产生了困惑.面对这些困惑及原因,我们应该认真研究、审慎对待.     

Theorizing Language Teacher Identity: Three Perspectives and Beyond

Language teacher identity is an emerging subject of interest in research on language teacher education and teacher development. Yet relatively little attention has been paid to the ways in which teacher identity is theorized. The present article explores ways of theorizing language teacher identity by presenting three data-based studies of teacher identity and juxtaposing the three different theoretical frameworks that they use: Tajfel's (1978) social identity theory, Lave and Wenger's (1991) theory of situated learning, and Simon's (1995) concept of the image-text. It is seen that each theoretical perspective allows us to investigate different substantive and theoretical aspects of language teacher identity and that there are strong conceptual resonances among the different approaches. While in isolation each theory has its limitations, an openness to multiple theoretical approaches allows a richer and more useful understanding of the processes and contexts of teacher identity.     

The Ethico-politics of Teacher Identity

Identity is a contemporary buzzword in education, referencing the individual and the social, the personal and the political, self and other. Following Maggie MacLure, we can think of identity in terms of teachers 'arguing for themselves', or giving an account of themselves. Yet in the wake of poststructuralism's radical de-centering of the subject and its highlighting of a number of impediments to agency, we might well ask how teachers are to give an account of themselves? This paper offers reading of identity that recognizes its paradoxical aspects, yet also contains scope for ethical agency. The latter is explored via a 'diagram' that utilizes Foucault's four axes of ethics to elaborate a framework for thinking about teacher identity as ethical self-formation and for engaging in what I refer to here as 'identity work'. This approach to thinking about teacher identity recognizes our discursive determination, yet also offers scope for recognizing and building ethical agency.     

A Case Study Exploring the Identity of an In-Service Elementary Science Teacher: a Language Teacher First

Teachers are central to providing high-quality science learning experiences called for in recent reform efforts, as their understanding of science impacts both what they teach and how they teach it. Yet, most elementary teachers do not enter the profession with a particular interest in science or expertise in science teaching. Research also indicates elementary schools present unique barriers that may inhibit science teaching. This case study utilizes the framework of identity to explore how one elementary classroom teacher’s understandings of herself as a science specialist were shaped by the bilingual elementary school context as she planned for and provided reform-based science instruction. Utilizing Gee’s (2000) sociocultural framework, identity was defined as consisting of four interrelated dimensions that served as analytic frames for examining how this teacher understood her new role through social positioning within her school. Findings describe the ways in which this teacher’s identity as a science teacher was influenced by the school context. The case study reveals two important implications for teacher identity. First, collaboration for science teaching is essential for elementary teachers to change their practice. It can be challenging for teachers to form an identity as a science teacher in isolation. In addition, elementary teachers new to science teaching negotiate their emerging science practice with their prior experiences and the school context. For example, in the context of a bilingual school, this teacher adapted the reform-based science curriculum to better meet the unique linguistic needs of her students.

     

教师专业身份认同探析

教师专业身份认同作为教师专业成长的核心,是实现教师专业发展的内部保证。但在目前课程改革的背景下,教师的专业身份认同尚存在一些问题,需要学校、教师个人采取多种途径,共同努力,促使教师实现自身的专业身份认同。     

Teacher professional development: a different perspective

Reform in science education is a slow process. Current professional development experiences may slow the process even more if modeled after traditional top down approaches. The common practice of inviting “experts” to deal with specific local issues supports a covert message that classroom teachers are not capable of meeting the challenges of reform with the resources and expertise provided by their immediate community or network. What is being proposed here is not radical but merely an adjustment in thinking about learning at any level. In any given teacher network, the teachers overall are both highly educated in content and pedagogy, it makes sense to allow them the opportunity to address the obstacles of reform and provide assistance when requested; not mandate professional development that may or may not address the needs of teacher, school or district.     

Using Blogging in Support of Teacher Professional Identity Development: A Case Study

This case study explores the affordances a weblog (blog) offered to “Ms. Frizzle,” an urban middle school science teacher and exceptional blogger, to support her professional identity development. The 316 posts she wrote over 1 school year were systematically analyzed and triangulated with data from e-mail exchanges and interviews with Ms. Frizzle and her colleagues. Ms. Frizzle used her blog to tell stories of herself and her classroom, reflect on her practice, work through dilemmas, solicit feedback, and display competence, among other things. By doing so, she was able to wrestle with many issues that are central to the practice of urban science teaching and be recognized by herself and others as a “reform-minded” teacher committed to excellence and equity in education. To realize these benefits, however, Ms. Frizzle invested significant time and energy into her blogging and made certain uses of blogging features. Thus, although this study empirically supports the potential of blogging for teachers' professional identity development, it also indicates that the way in which teachers use blogging will determine the extent of the benefits they can derive from this practice.     

教师课堂身份显现的现象学反思

教师在课堂上对人称代词的选择蕴含着自身对其教师身份的体验,当教师完成对其教师身份的认同和内化时,其在课堂中作为第一人称单数的“我”却常常被第三人称“老师”所取代。通过本原性分析发现,根本原因是教师的主体性被忽视,教师不断内化的是他们代表的科学的、道德的伦理身份,致使课堂教学中教师的个体话语被淹没,教师工具性作用凸显,并在师生关系中体现着虚假的权力和权威。要想寻回教师“本我”身份,需要确立教师自我关怀的审美形象,追求主体问性的师生关系。     

遭遇污名化的班主任:现实困境与身份认同

班主任所遭遇的污名对其自身的专业成长进行了负面的解构,突出表现为破坏性评议、负面性型塑、强制性施压以及结构性偏见等。这种解构来源于当代社会的信任危机以及学校教育的不良现象。因而深入探讨班主任所遭遇的污名化现象具有深刻的教育学意义。班主任走出污名化误区,理应从行为自律、专业自觉以及关系自为中重塑班主任身份。     

Practice in Teacher Education: an Israeli perspective

This paper describes prevailing models of teacher education programs in Israel and tries to explain their variability regarding the student‐teaching component. It is argued that this variability is the result of holding different views regarding three core factors: professional (the way teaching is perceived as a profession), epistemological (the way the knowledge base of teaching is created and acquired), sociopolitical (ownership claims regarding this knowledge base). The combined effect of these three factors is a variety of teacher education programs especially in terms of their practical components. These differ in timing, organization, location, intensity in actual student teaching and reflection, amount of supervision and control. Different modes of practicum emerge, ranging from technical ones deriving from competency based approaches to constructivist reflective ones. Among the constructivist practicums some are based on interactionist modes of meaning construal, some are social or dialectical type of knowledge construction and some emphasize the collective structuring of meaning within the community of practice. The many types of teacher education and student‐teaching programs in existence in Israel, reflect this variability of approaches.     

一位中学语文特级教师的专业认同研究

文章采用个案研究的方法,探究了一位中学语文特级教师是如何建构其作为学科专家、教学专家、教育专家的认同．如何不断地往返“结构一能动”之间反思地建构其专业认同的。研究结果发现,Z老师专业认同经历了一个从被动顺服、觉醒反思到主动创造的建构、解构和重构过程。其在有为的执著与无为的洒脱之间的游走有着鲜明的时代烙印。Z老师专业认同建构的能动性不仅表现在他对自己专业知能和教育理念的提升、发展和修正,还表现在他与结构互动中在行动上的审时度势、深思熟虑和灵活性。     

新课程理念下教师身份认同的重新解读

在新课程理念的指引下,教师的身份认同在课程、教学、教师与同事的关系以及教师与家长的关系等层面必将发生一些转变。即教师要从官定的课程执行者向“生本”的课程设计者和共同开发者转变;教师要从以往的“高高在上者”向“共同遭遇者”转变,对学生实施“对话教学”;教师的群体文化要从“马赛克文化”向团结、互助和合作文化转变;教师要从“代理家长”,与家长缺乏合作向吸引家长参与,与家长共同管理学生转变。     

大学教师应当回归自由职业者身份

本文从大学教师自由职业者身份界定、回归大学教师自由职业者身份的积极意义、回归大学教师自由职业者身份的制度根源分析和回归大学教师自由职业者身份的管理策略等方面,讨论了回归大学教师自由职业者身份的问题。     

Teacher Identity and Curriculum Change: A comparative case-study analysis of small schools in England and Finland

The findings reported in this article form part of a wider comparative research project investigating the processes of curriculum change in primary schools in England and Finland. This comparison has a special interest because in many respects the current policies of the two countries are moving in opposite directions, with Finland dismantling its long-standing subject-based national curriculum and encouraging school-based curricula incorporating integrated topic work. Data are presented from qualitative research case studies of four schools-two in each country-in relation to three themes: teachers' values, curriculum and classroom organisation and curriculum planning. It is argued that teachers' self-identities are powerful mediators in terms of their interpretations of and responses to imposed changes and that the ethos of very small schools enables teachers to preserve their prior value systems more easily than their colleagues in other schools.