当代自费留学潮成因中的经济因素分析

目前,自费出国留学从数量和质量上已发展成为当代出国留学的主流。自费出国留学的发展受政治、经济、社会及国际大环境等诸多因素的影响。而当代中国自费留学热潮的兴起又明显地与当代中国经济及国际经济发展相关。我国经济的持续发展,公民收入的增加,奠定了自费出国留学热潮的经济基础。教育国际化的发展,使得中国已经成为公认的潜力巨大的留学生市场。加入世贸组织,中国经济获得了新的发展动力。因此,经济的发展,特别是国际经济的发展又势必促进自费出国留学的发展。     

Students as global citizens: strategies for mobilizing studies abroad

Universities globally are increasingly seeking to improve the international mobility of their students. There are several latent benefits that accrue to a university whose students and staff actively participate in international exchange programs. Essentially this can lead to an increase in the university's international reputation, opportunities for benchmarking against best practices, capacity to develop international relationships, diversity of student population with all the benefits that accrue from diversity, and access to potential recruitment markets. In this paper we review extant literature to elicit the range of practical factors that play a role in the decision of students to study abroad. We also discuss results from a recent survey among Australian students that revealed their preferences for international work placements.     

Cooperative learning on an international masters

Postgraduate taught provision in Anglophone higher education contexts is becoming increasingly populated by cohorts of students from a wide range of linguistic, cultural and educational backgrounds. However, the voices of these students on their learning experiences remain largely unheard. Little previous research exists on the experiences of higher degree students as they participate in group work in multi-cultural settings. This study investigates the perspectives of students from a variety of educational backgrounds on their experiences of cooperative learning in multi-national groups on a Masters programme at a UK university. Seven focus groups were conducted with students from a range of countries including Confucian Heritage Cultures (CHC) and non-CHC backgrounds. Students perceived group work as often lacking adequate structure, leading to feelings of confusion and insecurity. While it was apparent that a complex interplay of cultural, cognitive, and linguistic factors impacted on the functioning of collaborative learning, the data highlighted the need to provide students with more structure and guidance for cooperative learning environments and the importance of creating intercultural learning opportunities for students to better understand the impact of cultural backgrounds on approaches to cooperative learning in multi-national situations.     

The challenges of internationalization from foreign and local students’ perspectives: The case of management school

The purpose of this qualitative case study is to discern the issues pertaining to different dimensions of internationalization from the perspectives of both foreign and local students. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 foreign, and 13 local students. The results show that there is a dissonance between policy makers and implementers, and the students themselves on “what a truly international higher education organization” in fact is. Moreover, the results suggest that asymmetrical aims of local and foreign students endanger fulfillment of the academic, social, and cultural rationales behind internationalization. Fulfilling the rationales of internationalization depends not only the adaptability of foreign students to local conditions but also on the priorities, choices and level of commitment of local students, administrative staff, and faculty members to the imperatives of internationalization.     

Between Two Wars By Porter Sargent. Porter Sargent,II Beacon Street,Boston, Massachusetts. 580 pp. $5.00

This essay offers suggestions for faculty who are designing study abroad (SA) experiences by outlining a three-week Maymester study abroad to Reggio Emilia, Italy, and a semester-long study abroad to Brussels, Belgium. The authors reflect on commonalities in planning, recruiting, preparing students, and conducting each trip, as well as some of the differences in the experiences for both students and faculty.     

Study Abroad in Social Work Education: “Citizen of Two Worlds” Faculty

Schools of social work are increasingly offering study abroad courses as a strategy for enhancing future practitioners’ knowledge and skills in serving individuals and families of diverse sociocultural backgrounds. Literature relative to such educational initiatives has focused on the characteristics, motivations, and outcomes for students and faculty; challenges and strategies to address them; different formats of course delivery; and, to a limited degree, faculty who develop and implement the courses. Using a study abroad course about understanding trauma in cultural context, the current article discusses and illustrates pedagogic and logistic benefits of the citizen of two worlds model in faculty leadership of study abroad courses.     

Enriched or latent cosmopolitanism? Identity negotiations of female international students from Japan in the US

Drawing from a qualitative study with 13 female international students from Japan to the United States, this article examines ways in which studying abroad has impacted the students' social and ethnic identities. Findings indicate that while the students did experience social marginalization, they did actively resist it and individually and collectively tried to find ways to integrate in their new social context. Furthermore, and while the students' discussions expressed a strong ethnic identity upon relocation, they did not plan to go back to their native country upon graduation. The discussion centres on the theoretical contributions of this work and attempts to identify directions for institutions of higher education that enroll international students.     

A Brief Study on Culture Shock over Overseas Students and the Solution to New Cultural Environments

Culture shock is one of the common experiences by students and people abroad. They may experience the feeling of anxiety, disorientation, confusion, and even hostility because of misunderstanding to ea...     

A Brief Study on Culture Shock over Overseas Students and the Solution to New Cultural Environments

Culture shock is one of the common experiences by students and people abroad. They may experience the feeling of anxiety, disorientation, confusion, and even hostility because of misunderstanding to each other."Culture shock"refers to the phenomenon in which people engage in the interaction feel depressed, discomfortable, etc. Culture shock may be caused by the conflict of various value systems when students and people enter a new culture and other value system. Culture shock is also a consequence of the influence of the negative life event. The changes in one's life and lack of support from family members,friends will make them more vulnerable and cause great discomfort in the new environment.     

关于高校师资队伍国际化建设的几点思考

高等学校师资队伍国际化是高等教育国际化的核心。国家公派出国留学规模的扩大,省际出国留学项目的相继出台,为高校加强师资队伍国际化建设提供了良好的机遇,但是高校依然存在诸如师资队伍国际化程度不高,人才流失等一系列问题。高校应当结合国家和高校发展的需求,采取一系列措施,引进和培养国际化人才,加强师资队伍国际化建设。     

The internationalization of faculty life in China

This article examines one of China's top universities – Renmin University – and changes in faculty life linked to internationalization and the push to build world-class universities. Employing academic culture as a theoretical lens and case-study methodology, the authors highlight several significant changes, as described in semi-structured interviews with 27 Renmin faculty members. Some changes discussed include increasing reliance on international standards of scholarship, greater emphasis on faculty acquiring international experience, increased collaborations with foreign scholars and organizations, and the adoption of various pedagogical and curricular facets associated with Western universities. Serious attention is given to concerns raised by several Renmin faculty members apprehensive of certain forms of internationalization and concerned about the likelihood of Chinese universities becoming colonized by Western norms and methodologies.     

Faculty-exchange programs promoting change: motivations,experiences, and influence of participants in the Carnegie Mellon University-Portugal Faculty Exchange Program

The international mobility of faculty is increasing worldwide. Although studies have considered the experiences of academics abroad, less is known about faculty-exchange programs with policy objectives. This study helps to fill this gap by analyzing a nationwide structured faculty exchange program established by Carnegie Mellon University and Portuguese universities to bring change to Portuguese higher education. The findings are based on interviews with Portuguese program participants, whose motivation to participate and experiences with the program, in addition to the influence of their experience abroad on their home institution, were explored. We find that, although the alignment of individual motivations with institutional interests is important to such programs, the complex transposition of individual experiences to the institutional level may be impeded by cultural resistance as well as resource and organizational constraints. Our exploration of the features that determine the success or failure of these experiences provides insights for policymakers seeking to implement faculty-mobility programs in the future.     

文化休克现象对非洲安哥拉留学生学习的影响——以长沙理工大学为例

文化休克现象是留学生在跨文化交际中普遍存在的一种现象,它影响着留学生的学习。随着长沙理工大学外国语学院留学生教育工作的不断发展,留学生中的文化休克现象日益受到重视。基于此,以长沙理工大学安哥拉留学生为例,分析文化休克对土木专业留学生学习的影响,并提出为解决文化休克问题,提高管理和教学效果应采取的对策。     

Teaching Social Work in a Global Context: Models of International Social Work Learning Experiences

This article examines three models of international social work learning experiences through the lens of Gray’s (2005) three paradoxical processes: indigenization, universalism, and imperialism.     

The global education practicum: perspectives from accompanying academics

The benefits of international education experiences for students are well documented. The effect on the individual of international experiences has been researched and theorised by authors for at least the last 20 years. In this paper the experiences of three academics who accompanied pre-service teachers on a 3 week international practicum are examined through the prism of intercultural confidence and competence. Accompanying academic Juliet reflects on dealing with the added difficulties the pre-service teachers encountered as a result of their inexperience in classroom settings. Accompanying academic Paula reflects on the challenges of “teaching-out-of-field.” Accompanying academic Sue reflects on the social and transitional challenges experienced when supporting pre-service teachers who collectively had issues related to health, safety, and interpersonal relationships. These lived experiences provide a richer understanding of the role of international partnerships in contributing to academic growth and increasing intercultural competency in tandem with their students.     

美国学生海外分布特点及美国国家留学政策规划

美国国会授权成立的“亚伯拉罕·林肯海外留学委员会”近期推出美国学生海外留学的国家发展规划,旨在切实增加美高校学生海外留学人数,促使学生更加熟悉其他国家的文化,提高学生的外语能力,满足反恐、经贸等美国国家利益的需要。美国高等教育界已经认识到海外留学应当成为本科生教育的一个必要环节。     

The Graduate Course in Pedagogy: Survey of Instructors of College Pedagogy in the United States and Canada

Although numerous universities offer graduate students opportunities to develop their teaching, few studies probe the credit-bearing graduate course in college teaching. A survey of 105 instructors of graduate pedagogy courses in the US and Canada explored their preparation, professional appointments, students, and assignments. Results showed diverse institutional units offer college pedagogy courses, which are taught by instructors with substantial preparation, most frequently to multidisciplinary groups from diverse majors. Many instructors assign teaching statements, though specifics differ. Comparison to the authors' earlier case study reveals an emerging, recognizable, and international course type that coheres in structure, timing, and at least one key assignment. The ubiquity of college pedagogy courses recommends substantial institutional investment, scholarly analysis, and professorial discussion to align them with the contemporary goals and standards of graduate education.     

论研究型大学教师队伍的国际化

教师队伍的国际化是研究型大学发展的先决性条件。研究型大学教师队伍国际化应着重解决四个问题:一是理性认识教师队伍的国际化;二是建立与国际接轨的教师管理机制;三是加强国际化教师的引进与培养;四是切实提高教师的英语应用能力。     

Can You Go Home Again? A Phenomenological Investigation of Cypriot Students Returning Home After Studying Abroad

The goal of the present study was to describe the structure of the experience of young Cypriot students who have returned home after studying abroad. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with participants who responded to the statement: ‘`Please describe your experiences of returning home after your study abroad’’. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed within the context of a research group. The emerging bipolar themes of ‘Shock/Adjustment’, ‘Freedom/Restriction’, and ‘Changing/Static’ were grounded in the theme of cultural comparison. Implications for counselling are examined.     

The effect of short-term educational travel programs on environmental citizenship

Short-term study abroad is the fastest growing area of international education and there is increasing interest in the role of modified applications of this form (e.g. faculty-led, field/environmental, and/or educational travel) in influencing global citizenship. Using an empirical database of over 650 students registered for a study abroad course in sustainable development offered in Australia and New Zealand, we explore the effect of short-term educational travel programs on environmental citizenship. We also identify differences among key student characteristics (past study abroad experience, gender, and program destination) in influencing citizenry. Results show that participation in the educational travel program significantly moderates (decreases) the difference in environmental citizenship scores for first-timers (vs. those with past experience in study abroad) and program destination, but increases the difference in environmental citizenship for males vs. females. Implications for destination image and national brand marketing of environmental-oriented educational travel programs are discussed.