Voices of reform from the classroom: teachers’ approaches to change

Abstract

This paper reports on case studies of three teachers managing an education reform focussed on assessment, during a busy period of curriculum change in an Australia state Participants attended multiple professional development opportunities including a number of state-wide, systemically-facilitated assessment workshops. The most significant finding to emerge, as narratives of change unfolded over a nine- month period, was the diversity of teachers’ approaches to change. All three were insightful about practices that required change and could identify personal and professional attributes that would assist their management of change. All teachers attended the same systemic workshops and all had access to the Education Department’s published literature about assessment. Yet they organised and implemented change in very different ways. Each teacher’s approach was based on personal assumptions about learners and learning, the reform they agreed to implement, and their preferred approaches to incorporating new assessment practices into their existing repertories. Approach taken was a major determinant of experience of change and thus is an aspect of change management important to inservice-providers, teachers and school leaders. The paper concludes with an overview of a PD package designed with the findings of this research project in mind.     

教师改变:另一种可能

教师改变包含着诸多维度,长期以来,学界对教师信念改变与教师行为改变的关系,两者的变化与学生学业变化之间的关系问题存有争论。本文认为对此问题的分析应有一个全新的思路,从相互作用的角度来理解教师改变的路径所以常给我们新的发现。     

教师改变的理论研究:回顾与思考

教育改革的政策要求教师的教育教学观念和教学实践需做出重大调整与改变,由过去关注教学技能转向更为根本地从学生的状态和需要出发来调整教育教学的态度与行为。在探讨教师改变的内涵、教师改变与课程改革的关系、教师改变的路径等已有研究成果基础上,指出了目前研究成果中的不足之处,并提出了个人思考。     

挑战、支持与发展:伙伴协作模式下的教师成长

教育改革需要在教师愿意承担新的角色和责任的基础之上进行。大学与中小学伙伴协作模式有利于打破学校及教师固有的平衡状态,并在以平等、民主为价值诉求的协作环境中,化解教师面对改革创新的保守态度及可能出现的负面情绪,使教师在“高挑战、高支持”的理想情境中获得积极的心理和情绪体验,进而提升其专业知识、能力和自主意识。     

A teacher competence development programme for supporting students’ reflection skills

The Teachers of Promise study has followed the work histories of 57 primary and secondary teachers who had been identified at the beginning of their third year of teaching as having the potential to make a significant contribution to the profession. Using data from surveys and interviews, this paper reports on what sustained or inhibited their initial commitment to and enthusiasm for ‘making a difference’, six years later, both in the classroom and in broader school leadership roles. Satisfaction with their day-to-day experiences in their schools was a particularly strong driver of teachers’ career decisions over time. Thirty-four teachers responded to survey items that were used to identify three different groups of teachers: a group of 10 primary school teachers with the highest levels of job satisfaction who were ‘fulfilling their promise’; a group of 21 primary and secondary teachers who were ‘persevering and coping’; and three teachers who were ‘detached and disengaged’. The group with the highest levels of job satisfaction taught in primary schools where they felt respected and valued, and supported to develop their teaching and leadership expertise. School leadership practices and school cultures in the other two groups diminished teachers’ overall job satisfaction and contribution to collective knowledge building in their schools. Almost all of the teachers had retained their commitment to students, to their current schools and to teaching as a career, including those with lower levels of satisfaction. Although these teachers reported ‘collegial’ relationships with their peers, individualistic school cultures, most often in secondary schools, impacted on their opportunities to learn with and from their colleagues. Few secondary school teachers felt appreciated, and included in school decision-making or had found it possible to combine high standards of classroom teaching with management responsibilities. The study indicates that while most promising teachers were still satisfied with teaching after nine years, relatively few were in schools where they were able to make the impact that had been predicted for them early in their careers.     

教师专业形象的意蕴和价值

走向专业化的教师形象既是教师作为专业者的时代诉求,又是对传统教师形象的反思和重构。要真正领会教师专业形象的意蕴,需要在形象专业和专业形象、政策形象和自主形象、理想形象和现实形象等相关范畴中进行正确的抉择。教师专业形象的深入阐释在认同教师作为教学专业者身份、凸显教师专业形象现实性和规范教师专业发展路径等方面将发挥举足轻重的作用。     

国际视野中的教师专业发展

教师专业发展在当前教育改革中具有重要地位.本文介绍西方国家教师专业发展领域的最新进展,探讨教育政策环境对教师专业发展的影响.文章阐述教师专业发展的界定、目的、功能、影响因素及其评价,指出教师学习和学习社群在西方学术讨论中已经成为探讨焦点.国家和市场对西方国家教师专业发展的实施有重要影响.     

学校变革进程中教师专业发展现状的调查研究

根据对湖北省10所学校教师专业发展现状的调查研究,发现身处于学校变革进程中的中小学教师在专业发展上存在一些问题:教师培训缺乏针对性和操作性,学校领导对教师成长的关心和重视不够,教师专业发展亟需高层次的专业引领,教师工作压力大、专业发展状态堪忧,等等。据此提出相关建议:改进教师培养方式,让教师培训更具实效性;改善教师生存状态,让教师职业更具幸福感;帮扶薄弱学校教师,让教师成长更具质感;营造良好的学习与研究氛围,让教师校园生活更具美感。     

国际教师专业标准改革的新趋势

2009年以来,各国纷纷推出教师专业标准新举措:引入专业性向测试、更新教师资格证书、融合教学实践途径。审视这一领域的最新发展趋势,有利于反思教师教育的可能空间,定位教师专业化的未来路径。     

教师教育的改革与创新——2007年国际教师教育研讨会综述

本文对2007年国际教师教育论坛的交流与研讨进行概要介绍。分析了当前国际教师教育领域里的热点问题,探讨了国际教师教育改革与创新的特点,重点阐发了国际教师教育创新的政策支持、教师专业发展的国际比较与合作开发、国际教师专业发展的创新实践等方面的发展趋势,以及国际教师教育改革对我国当前的教师教育改革与发展研究的启示。     

教师教育的改革与创新——2007年国际教师教育研讨会综述

本文对2007年国际教师教育论坛的交流与研讨进行概要介绍,分析了当前国际教师教育领域里的热点问题,探讨了国际教师教育改革与创新的特点,重点阐发了国际教师教育创新的政策支持、教师专业发展的国际比较与合作开发、国际教师专业发展的创新实践等方面的发展趋势,以及国际教师教育改革对我国当前的教师教育改革与发展研究的启示。     

国际视野中的教师专业学习与发展模式走向

教师专业学习与发展对提升教育质量具有重要作用。对于发达国家的教师专业学习与发展模式的理念、机制、措施和成效的整体性分析与走向判断,有助于我国教师教育改革与发展的借鉴和决策参考。     

我国教师专业发展研究综述

教师专业发展问题是国内外教育研究的热点。教师专业发展的基本脉络和研究趋向主要集中在三个方面:关于教师专业发展内涵研究;关于教师专业发展阶段研究;关于教师成长促进方式研究。     

中、英、美教师专业标准的比较与思考

通过对中、英、美三国教师专业标准的比较与分析可发现,规范与引领教师专业发展是我国教师专业标准的目标定位,师德为先是我国教师专业标准的特色追求,提升教师专业能力是我国教师专业标准的核心价值诉求。相对而言,我国教师专业标准具备一定程度的先进性和后发优势,以此为契机,进一步深化教师教育改革,将有助于实现我国教师教育的跨越式发展。