转化学习视角下开放远程教育成年残障学员教学模式研究

残疾人开放远程教育因其教育对象的特殊性,将是开放大学实现大规模、个性化、因材施教教育理想最好的试验田。转化学习理论是当前成人教育、终身教育领域中最重要的理论之一,对有效开展成年残障学员远程高等教育乃至终身教育有重要意义。本文运用调查问卷法和个案访谈法对成年残障学员转化学习过程进行了详细分析,从学校、辅导教师、学务导师和学习伙伴等四个维度给出开放远程教育成年残障学员教学模式发展转型路径。     

Closing the policy–practice gap for low-SES students in higher education: the pedagogical challenge

This paper reports on an interpretivist research study that sought to articulate the strategies being adopted by selected universities to recruit, teach and retain students from low socio-economic status (SES) backgrounds. The literature is clear that these students face more barriers and fewer encouragers than their peers to engage with higher education and that the institutional habitus of universities, including their pedagogies, does not always work in their favour – creating an impression that they do not belong. Using a naturalistic inquiry approach, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers and leaders from 12 Australian universities with a regional focus. Findings suggest that while these universities have successfully developed initiatives to recruit and support students from low SES backgrounds, less attention is being directed to the teaching and learning challenges and opportunities created by increased student diversity. New thinking, effective curricula and pedagogies, and transformative staff-development programmes are needed to capitalise on the potential benefits of a more socially diverse cohort.     

Recruiting and counseling people of color at Western universities

This article focuses on the recruitment and retention of students of color in Western universities. It highlights concepts and strategies which have been effective in recruiting and counseling students who are racial minorities. The content is based on the author's experience in practice over the past six years and is supported by literature, empirical data, and interviews. Vignettes related to work done with students of color are incorporated within the body of the paper.Although the article is derived from work the author has performed at an American university, the implications and conclusions of that work should be of interest to all Western institutions of higher learning that recruit and want to retain students of color in their respective academic environments.     

A Model of Teaching and Learning Online in Asian Context

Online teaching and learning practices in Asian universities are different from that in western universities. Western universities give emphasis on student-student interaction for learning. Online courses offered by most Asian universities are a kind of mixed mode that comprised simultaneous face-to-face tutorials and online interaction facility. In this situation most students use the online facility to collect resources and to contact their teachers. The quantity of student-student interaction was sporadic in many courses. So research is needed to improve the situation and create an environment for students where they can learn what peer group interaction is and practice it. This paper has presented for Asian universities. Possible barriers in teaching and learning have been considered to develop the model. a model of teaching and learning online situations in Asia and students＇abilities     

Unmasking the teaching quality of higher education: students’ course experience and approaches to learning in China

The quality of teaching in higher education is a topic which has generated heated debate in China, though there has been a remarkable paucity of empirical research into the characteristics of teaching and learning in Chinese universities. This study examined Chinese university students’ course experience and its influence on their approaches to learning. A sample of 2529 students from 15 full-time regular universities responded to the questionnaire. Results indicated that the Course Experience Questionnaire could be a promising instrument for assessing the teaching quality in Chinese universities. Chinese undergraduate teaching was characterised by the dominance of developing students’ generic skills, but a lack of emphasis on students’ independence. The study revealed some desirable influences of university teaching on students’ approaches to learning, but an increase in instructors’ effort and commitment to teaching was found to facilitate a surface rather than a deep approach to learning. These findings highlighted the need to reflect on the teacher-centred nature of undergraduate teaching in China.     

“阳光体育”环境下高校残疾人体育教学现状及对策研究

近年来随着“阳光体育”运动的开展,高校体育教学有了较大的改变,阳光体育是我国实施素质教育的重要举措。残疾大学生作为高校学生的一员,在体育教学中遇到的问题要远远多于健全人,因此如何改善残疾人的体育教学现状使之更好地体现“阳光体育”价值成为体育教学中需要关注的问题。文章阐述了高效残疾人体育教学现状,并针对教学中存在的问题提出相应对策。     

Teaching the ‘invisible’ disabled students in the classroom: disclosure,inclusion and the social model of disability

Drawing on the insights of critical disability studies, this article addresses anxieties frequently articulated by academic staff around the implementation of the United Kingdom's Disability Discrimination Act: how to accommodate the needs of students with ‘hidden’ impairments. Following the social model of disability, it argues that universities should avoid the use of medical labels in identifying the learning needs of disabled students, and should make efforts to institute as part of everyday practice a diversity of inclusive teaching strategies. Finally it discusses an induction activity which sought to encourage students to disclose additional learning needs to university staff while opening up a discussion around difference, diversity with the student cohort as a whole.     

Investigating the Effectiveness of Desktop Virtual Reality for Teaching and Learning of Electrical/Electronics Technology in Universities

Abstract

This study compared efficiency of desktop virtual reality with a conventional classroom learning practice for the teaching and learning of electrical/electronics technology. This was measured through academic achievement, learning interest, and engagement. A quasi-experimental design was employed for this study. Four universities were used for the study. The students were within the ages of 17 to 24?years. Students were assigned to either an experimental or comparison group based on intact classes. A total of 149 students participated in this experiment; however, only 142 samples could be analyzed. Seven samples were not analyzed due to incomplete instruments answered and absenteeism. Seventy-four students were in the virtual reality group while 68 students were in the non virtual reality group. The sample was 78.52% and 21.48% in males and females, respectively. Analysis of covariance was used to test three formulated hypotheses on effects of desktop virtual reality on the learning effectiveness of the students. There was a significant difference in academic achievement, learning interest, and learning engagement between the two groups. It was established that desktop virtual reality positively affected students’ academic achievement, learning interest, and engagement of students in electronics technology. It was suggested that virtual reality should be adopted to augment laboratory practices for the teaching and learning of electrical/electronics technology in Nigerian universities.     

高校自主招生若干误区及其引发的思考

高校自主招生至今已7年有余,广有收效的同时,其发展方向以及部分高校将之等同于自主考试,招生不招最合适,而招最高分等弊端的消解都需要慢的思考。修正航向,才能完成对中小学教育产生正向影响的终极目标,最终达到以学业水平代替高考的最终走向。     

合作学习法在高校乒乓球选项课中的运用

研究了将合作学习教学模式应用于普通高校乒乓球教学的可行性:(1)实验组和对照组在乒乓球技能方面具有显著性差异,合作学习法和常规教学法都能较好地完成教学目标,合作学习法在激发学生学习热情和掌握基本技术方面,效果更好.(2)合作学习教学模式比传统教学模式更有利于增强学生发现问题、解决问题的能力,对同伴关系的改善和学习兴趣的提高有很大的促进作用.(3)合作学习法不但适用于乒乓球教学,而且为其他学科教学模式的改革提供了参考.     

大学教师有效教学：原则、特征和举措

提高大学教学的有效性已经成为高等教育的热点问题。首先应遵循鼓励学生与教师的交流、鼓励同学之间合作、鼓励积极的学习、给予快速的反馈、重视用于学业的时间、注重对学生的高期望、尊重学生多样的才能与学习方式等七个原则;同时,必须清醒地认识到在大学教学过程进行有效教学是通过大学教师实现的,因而清楚认识能够进行有效教学的教师在教学技能、知识准备、个性特点、与学生交往等方面有其明显的特征尤为必要。不仅如此,提高大学教学的有效性,还需要大学建立起支持性的教学文化;采取多样化的评价方式;致力于教师发展;构建以学生为中心的教学范式;采取多样化的教学方法等。     

基于高校网络教学平台的混合学习模式应用研究

鉴于混合学习模式在普通高校的应用优势和趋势,混合学习已成为高校教学改革的重要内容。基于高校网络教学平台的混合学习模式应用,将为高校教学改革提供一个新的思路。通过分析高校师范专业必修课程《现代教育技术》混合学习设计需求,构建了基于高校网络教学平台的《现代教育技术》课程混合学习模式,设计了该课程的混合学习实施流程图,并从混合学习的学习环境、学习内容、学习资源、学习活动、学习评价等方面,阐述该课程是如何基于网络教学平台进行混合学习实践。课程混合学习实施结果显示:教师教育技术能力、网络课程内容设计、网络课程学习导航、网络学习活动设计与组织、及时的师生互动交流、学生的信息素养、学生网络学习参与度、师生对网络学习的认可度等因素对混合学习的有效实施有重要影响。基于高校网络教学平台开展混合学习的对策主要包括加强网络教师培训;重视混合学习环境设计;强化混合学习活动设计与组织;提供在线学习辅导与支持;明确学校激励措施与网络教学发展政策。     

Teaching and Learning in the University: New Directions for Australian Higher Education

The purpose of this paper is to outline recent changes to higher education in Australia and assess the implications of those changes for teaching and learning in universities. Three main changes have been identified:
1. The meta-policy context that has transformed a binary system of higher education into a unified national system of universities. This has given rise to the concept of the comprehensive university accompanied by an economic rationalist approach to the funding of higher education. Issues identified are the relativities to be accorded to teaching and research in the new universities and the push for more efficient modes of teaching.
2. Institutional changes that have influenced the traditional character of universities. These changes include the politicisation of Vice-Chancellors whose peak body is now recognised by the government as the single voice of the university sector, the changing student composition of universities as a result of government policies relating to overseas students and students who have been traditionally underpresented in universities and the introduction of academic staff appraisal. An assessment is made of this broad range of changes on teaching and learning.
3. Changing conceptions of teaching are discussed with a particular emphasis on the work of Shulman and its implications for teaching in the university.     

The role of higher education in national integration in Nigeria

This paper discusses the machinery for higher education policy formulation and implementation in Nigeria with particular reference to the university system. It identifies the goal of national unity and national integration as a new addition to the university's traditional roles of manpower production, research and teaching. An analysis of the implementation of measures aimed at achieving national integration with emphasis on student recruitment is attempted. Two features are apparent, both of which are counter-productive to national integration. First, universities recruit their students mostly from the states and geopolitical regions in which they are located. Secondly, inter-regional migration of students is a one-way traffic - mostly from South to North. Measures to improve the achievement of national integration are also suggested.     

马克思主义理论大课堂教学的优化途径——小组课外学习

目前,高校马克思主义理论课普遍采用大课堂进行教学。由于班级规模过大,学生人数过多,存在师生互动难以实施、学生参与度低、课堂管理难度大、多角度综合考核困难、良好的师生关系难于建立等问题,影响了教学的实效性。小组课外学习的教学模式,把课堂和课后有机地结合起来,大班不足小组补,课上不足课下补,是大课堂教学的补充和延伸。它为学生提供了一个自主参与学习、研究性学习、交流合作学习的平台,是优化马克思主义理论大课堂教学的一种有效教学组织形式。     

基于分类培养的课程教学设计与实施--以“跨境电商实训”为例

当前高校人才培养同质化与个人需要、社会需要之间产生了一些矛盾,引起企业招聘难、大学生就业难等问题,其深层次的原因是学校人才培养与行业需求脱节,因此分类培养的理念进入高校。基于分类培养的原则,在不采取分班教学的情况下,可以在课程设计上进行改革,同样能够实现分类培养目标。依托现有的教学资源,“跨境电商实训”课程根据继续深造型、创业型、就业型的学生做了分类设计,在教学时间、教学内容、教学过程方面都做了相应的细分,并且设置了不同的评价方案。分类培养的实施提高了学生的学习兴趣,提升了应用能力,值得在专业相关课程推广。     

有效益的公平:我国博士招生“申请-考核”制实施状况回顾与反思

博士招生"申请-考核"制是对中国传统的博士普通招考制度的变革。在实践与完善的过程中,该制度表现出了渐进式改革的特征。在"申请-考核"制实践中,各高校在维护招考公平的前提下,更加重视考察学生的学术能力与综合素养,力图招收学术能力与综合素养并优的博士生,提高"申请-考核"制招生的效益,实现公平与效益的平衡。招生只是博士生培养的初始环节,各高校应以招生制度改革为契机,在确保招生过程有效益的公平前提下深化培养制度变革,注重发挥导师在博士生培养中的关键性作用,切实提升博士生培养质量。     

树立"少教多学"理念构建民族院校自主学习型课堂探析

对新加坡"少教多学"教学理念下的课堂教学模式进行全面的探析。基于"少教多学"的教学理念,结合民族院校的课堂教学特点,构建"因学定教、精教多学、协作学习"新理念的民族院校自主学习型课堂。旨在转变教师教学主导者的角色,鼓励学生自主学习,实施创设问题情境、专题作业、小组协作学习的教学策略,以期能解决民族院校课堂教学的现实困境,激活民族院校的课堂教学活力。     

高校毕业生的选留和引进工作刍议

高校毕业生的选留和引进是补充高校教师队伍的主要途径。做好该项工作，要从选留引进的原则、条件、程序、措施等方面把好关。