转化学习视角下开放远程教育成年残障学员教学模式研究

残疾人开放远程教育因其教育对象的特殊性,将是开放大学实现大规模、个性化、因材施教教育理想最好的试验田。转化学习理论是当前成人教育、终身教育领域中最重要的理论之一,对有效开展成年残障学员远程高等教育乃至终身教育有重要意义。本文运用调查问卷法和个案访谈法对成年残障学员转化学习过程进行了详细分析,从学校、辅导教师、学务导师和学习伙伴等四个维度给出开放远程教育成年残障学员教学模式发展转型路径。     

慈溪电大学习支持服务模式探讨

本文分析了开放教育学习支持服务存在的常见问题,对学习支持服务概念进行探讨,提出了建立以学员为中心的学习支持服务模式,建立以入学、教学支持服务、考试服务等组成的学习支持服务模式。     

简析远程开放教育学员自主学习的重要意义

自主学习是远程开放教育学习的必要途径之一,自主学习既需要学员自身的努力,也需要导学员间接的给予学习支持服务,电大远程开放教育实行学分制,学籍8年有效,学员在校期间达到专业规则规定的毕业年限和毕业学分时,学生即可申请毕业;各类远程教育支持服务体系的建立和逐步完善,远程开往教育特有的学习形式也为学员提供了弹性学习的平台,为学员自主学习提供了最为开放的学习条件。     

开放学员持久性学习的思考

自1999年实施"人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点"项目以来,电大的开放教育趋于稳步的发展阶段。但发展中工学矛盾、学习方法、主观意识、学习基础等因素影响了开放学员持久性学习的信心,造成在册学员与实际参加学习的人数相差较大,为数较多的学员不能坚持开放学习。电大管理者要从协调内外部关系、提供学习策略的支持和个别化支持服务等方面促进开放学员持久性学习。     

浅议自主学习模式

远程开放教育是现代教育发展的方向。本试就远程开放教育的特点和规律，阐述构建自主学习模式的可行性。章通过对学员目前自主学习能力状况的调查、分析和对比，提出必须进一步加强对学员学习方法的指导，强化、优化学员自主学习的意识和能力。另外，还针对当前实施开放教育过程中存在的一些问题，从理念的更新、角色的转换和提供教学支持服务上作了一些探索，以促使学员尽快地学会自主学习，成为学习的主人。     

开放教育学生自主学习选择倾向调查研究

远程开放教育教学是以学员自主学习为基础的,而边远地区学员自主学习的选择倾向和学情分析是建立有效教学模式的基础.文章从六个部分进行了调查和分析:被调查成人学员的基本特征;成人学员的学习动机;成人学员的学习障碍;成人学员的网络自主学习方式;成人学员对网络建设服务的需求;成人学员对教师支持服务的需求.     

开放教育学生学习需求调查与分析

文章在对开放学生的学习需求进行了周详的调查及充分的分析的基础上,提出了满足开放教育学生学习需求的四个应对措施:强化学习者自主学习意识;重视对学员学习能力的培养;进行专业设置和课程体系的改革;提升电大开放教育支持服务能力.     

远程初学者自我导向学习准备度的实证研究

开放远程教育的辍学现象主要集中在初学阶段,因而面向初学者的学习支持服务尤为重要。初学者对开放远程学习方式的适应程度在一定程度上取决于自我导向学习的准备度。根据某开放大学初学者自我导向学习准备度的实证调研,初学者总体的自我导向学习准备度较好,男性学员略高于女性学员,已婚学员显著高于未婚学员。年龄和从业年限与自我导向学习准备度没有显著相关关系,但学历水平与初学者的主动学习和效率学习的倾向性显著相关,普通专科和本科毕业的初学者在这两方面显著低于成人专科和本科毕业的初学者。开放大学在初学者的学习支持服务中,需要加强对女性学员承担多重角色和压力的人文关怀,注重增强未婚学员在开放远程学习中的责任感和成就感,更要高度关注普通专科和本科毕业的学员,提升他们对开放远程学习的认同感、主动性及自我效能感。     

开放大学学习支持服务体系的提升策略研究

学习支持服务是影响远程开放教育成效的重要因素之一.在传统电大转型为现代开放大学的新形势下,基于传统电大与开放大学的实质性差异,改善传统电大学习支持服务的弊端,探索现代开放大学学习支持服务体系的提升策略,为开放大学学员提供更加完善的现代学习服务支持,对促进开放大学的长远发展意义深远.     

开放大学的学习模式与学习环境构建

文章根据建设开放大学的现实需要,从加强学习支持服务的视角分析了现存学习模式的特点及不足,并基于开放大学服务社会成员多样化、个性化的学习需求,提出了将非正式学习模式融入开放大学支持服务体系的构想;探讨了正式学习与非正式学习共存的学习环境构建问题;给出了开放大学学习环境模型。     

范畴学习中分类学习与推理学习的对比研究

实验室有关范畴学习的研究只局限于对分类的研究上,这就导致在分类研究基础上提出的范畴理论不能适用于其他非分类范畴学习任务。对分类学习与推理学习进行比较,表明不同的范畴学习类型影响范畴表征,所以应当拓展实验室范畴学习的研究范围。     

Improving assessment of learning and for learning

The focus of this article is recent work by the Assessment Reform Group (ARG) on the role of teachers' judgements in the summative use of assessment. A brief overview of the early work of the ARG is followed by discussion of the desirable properties of assessment for summative uses. The work of the ARG's Assessment Systems for the Future project provided evidence and arguments concerning the validity, reliability, impact and cost of tests and of summative assessment by teachers. Whilst there is ample evidence that the teachers' judgements are more valid than, and equally reliable as, tests, there is a danger of unwanted impact on teaching as long as results are used for ‘high stakes’ evaluation of teachers and schools. Implications for policy include an end to the practice of using the results of pupils' summative assessment, however they are derived, as the sole basis for target setting and school accountability.     

网络学习评价研究

网络学习评价是网络学习系统的重要组成部分,网络学习注重学习者学习过程的评价.基于网络学习评价系统与传统的学习评价系统的不同,本文首先分析了网络学习评价的理论基础及其价值取向,继而全面阐述了网络学习评价的实施原则.最后,对实施过程中容易出现的问题作了分析.     

成人学习及其学习策略养成

成人在走出了发展终结论的谬误规限后，迎来了崭新的学习与教育的春天。成人学习在成人的发展与成人学习的关联中呈现了鲜活的生命力，但是成人学习并不是先验地具有发展的活力，在实践领域的开拓需要我们关注成人学习策略的养成。     

Improving the quality of student learning: the influence of learning context and student approaches to learning on learning outcomes

Previous studies of the relationship between perceptions and/or evaluations of the learning environment and approaches to study have either not included measures of students' learning outcomes, or have included quantitative differences and not qualitative differences in learning outcomes. The studies reported in this paper focus on the relationship between qualitative differences in learning outcomes, perceptions/evaluations of the learning environment and approaches to study. The results support previous research in identifying relationships between perceptions/evaluations of the learning environment and approach to study and between approach to study and the quality of the learning outcomes. The second of the two studies reported also identifies a relationship between perceptions, approaches and the quality of the outcomes. The results suggest that perceived environments which encourage deep approaches are more likely to facilitate higher quality learning than environments designed to discourage surface approaches.     

也淡开放教育的"网上教学"

总结性评估结束后,开放教育转入日常教学,作为开放教育主要教学手段之一的网上教学也日益受到大家的重视.但这一活动在开展过程中还存在着一些误区,分析这些误区并拿出具体的改进措施,才是搞好开放教育网上教学的关键.     

Mining learning social networks for cooperative learning with appropriate learning partners in a problem-based learning environment

Many studies have identified web-based cooperative learning as an increasingly popular educational paradigm with potential to increase learner satisfaction and interactions. However, peer-to-peer interaction often suffers barriers owing to a failure to explore useful social interaction information in web-based cooperative learning environments. This easily leads to learners being unable to seek appropriate learning partners for facilitating effective cooperative learning. This problem frequently causes poor learning effectiveness in web-based cooperative learning environments. Generally, instructor assigned or learner selected learning peers cannot ensure to compose suitable learning partners for individual learners in cooperative learning environments. A suitable learning partner can help the learner, who is learning in the personal way and encounters the difficulty, to solve problems. Inappropriate learning partners cannot only easily lead to poor learning interaction and achievement, but can also lead to the meaning of cooperative learning being lost. Although many web-based learning systems have already been developed to assist cooperative learning, supporting peer-to-peer interaction in computer-supported cooperative learning (CSCL) is still immature. As a result, this study presents a novel scheme for recommending appropriate learning partners for individual learners utilizing mining of learning interactive social networks in a cooperative problem-based learning (PBL) environment. Results of this study show that the proposed scheme helps encourage learners to interact with learning peers more actively and positively, and facilitates learning performance in a cooperative PBL environment.