《水葬》的版本问题

蹇先艾的小说主要有两个版本的差异,选集本是在初版本的基础上修改后的版本。本文通过《水葬》的初版本和选集本的比较,来分析初版本修改的原因以及这两个不同文本不同的内涵。由此得出结论,研究作家不同时期的创作和思想应选择不同时期的版本。     

《无望村的馆主》版本批评

《无望村的馆主》的众多版本有不同的版本本性,其中差异最大的是初版本(开明本)和福建本。福建本对初版本进行了故事情节、人物形象、文体特征等方面的修改,这导致了作品的语义系统和艺术系统的改变。这些修改既有艺术完善方面的考虑,更受到新的国家意识形态和新的文学规范的制约和影响。     

红色记忆文学修改本现象的符码意义

建国后“十七年”的红色文艺作品在发表后不久，大多有着修改后再版的经历。这些修改本现象本身包含着丰富的文学史信息，修改苯与初版本之间所存在的裂隙，成为沉淀特定历史时期文艺活动信息的场域与符码。以《青春之歌》的修改来看，其初版本与再版本在内容上有诸多不协调之处，再版本中的林道静已偏离了作家的写作初衰与原有的形象发展轨道，这一修改反映了作品写作年代的国家意识形态话语对作家个人话语的制约与修正。     

《高渐离》之初版本与修改本比较

郭沫若的剧本《高渐离》（也即《筑》）经历了两次修改,而第一次修改的内容最多,但一直以来没有被学术界重视。一般的学者只是对它最后一次修改的版本进行评价。本文着重对《高渐离》的初版本和第一次修改本进行比较,分析改动的原因,评价改动前后的艺术效果,从而能较为客观、历史的再现这部剧作的真实面貌。     

《漂泊杂记》的版本批评

《漂泊杂记》是艾芜的第一本散文集,表现了他早年置身滇缅山水奇境中的艰难生活以及同情底层人民、反帝反殖民的爱国思想。在《漂泊杂记》历经近八十年的出版过程中,出现了初刊、初版本、文丛本、云南本、文集本、小品散文本、全集本等版本,在版本的流变中,篇目不断增加,文本不断修改,这既是艺术的完善,更是时代语境以及作者思想变化的结果。《漂泊杂记》的版本变迁是一个逐渐远离《漂泊杂记》初版及其"漂泊"内涵的过程。     

《天堂蒜薹之歌》版本研究

莫言的《天堂蒜薹之歌》有诸多版本,各个版本之间有很大的不同。从初刊本到初版本的变化,主要是主旨去政治化,规范标点与完善字词句,更细腻地描写环境与人物,强化民间色彩与民间趣味。从初版本到修改本的变化,主要是变更了小说的题目和题记,作者作了一篇自序,对张扣的歌谣词做了大量修改。从修改本到再改本的变化,主要是作者新作了一篇自序,新增了一个章节并修改了部分章节开头的歌谣词,交代了对张扣和高马的悲剧结局。通过数次的修改,《天堂蒜薹之歌》的文学性得到了提高。     

田汉早期剧作《咖啡店之一夜》版本记异

《咖啡店之一夜》是田汉早期剧作中具有较高史料价值的剧作之一,也是在20世纪20年代初出版后再版发行次数最多的作品。作者本人30年代对这部剧作再版时所进行的较大幅度修改和"完善"使作品主题与初版本相去甚远,也导致剧评界因依据版本的不同而得出了迥然相异的研究结论:即从初版本的人与人之间的"互爱互助"到修订本的"不可逾越的阶级‘鸿沟’"。     

论新文学研究中的善本问题

版本是新文学研究的基础。由于出版机制、意识形态、语言规范以及作家文学观念变化等因素影响,新文学的很多作品经过修改、增删而产生众多版本。不同的版本即为不同的文本,这种版本的变迁必然会影响新文学的研究。因此,新文学研究面临一个版本选择的问题,即善本问题。新文学作品的善本必须最真实地反映作家的思想意识和艺术成就,初版本或初刊本完全符合作为善本的条件。     

《寒夜》版本谱系考释

《寒夜》具有众多版本,构成复杂的版本谱系。在其版本变迁过程中，有两次重大修改，修改带来的异文使我们可以进行重新阐释,也由此可以窥见作者思想的蜕变轨迹。     

几部经典文本的修改与当代文学的版本问题

本文以《红旗谱》、《青春之歌》、《山乡巨变》和《创业史》为例来探讨当代文学的版本问题。在认真分析和比较的基础上,作者认为：不论从思想还是艺术上看,四部作品的修改版均比初版本逊色,有的可以说是失败。这是中国当代文学史上值得探究的一个带有普遍性的现象,它从版本的角度揭示了当代文学的某些特质和规律。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.