Video databases: An emerging tool in business education

A video database of business–leader interviews has been implemented in the assignment work of students in a Bachelor of Business Administration program at a primarily-undergraduate liberal arts university. This action research study was designed to determine the most suitable assignment work to associate with the database in a Business Strategy course and to analyze how the nature of learning was impacted by this technology intervention. Three different assignment approaches to accessing the online database were considered with students. Based primarily on quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews and focus groups, the study determined that this sample of students (N?=?65) preferred self-contained case study approaches that accessed regular interaction with the instructor and provided textual materials to supplement the database content.     

Interactive Video: a genuine or imagined potential

A combination of high production and hardware costs, limited programme demands and cheap and easy videotape alternatives are likely to restrict severely the progress of interactive videodisc in schools and possibly elsewhere. These reservations are discussed.     

Video diaries: a tool to investigate sustainability-related learning in threshold spaces

This paper takes as a case study an undergraduate field class from a UK university to rural Uganda. It describes and evaluates the use of video diaries as a tool for investigating the process of transformative learning in the context of education for sustainability. The applicability of threshold concept theory to this learning is investigated. Results show the video diary technique to be much more successful in capturing the development of student learning than written diaries. Despite some practical difficulties, rich data were generated. Analysis demonstrated that learning met three of the five criteria for threshold concepts: the learning was transformative, integrative and troublesome. Further research could test whether the learning in this case study met the threshold concept criterion of irreversibility. Further elaboration of the theoretical relationship between threshold concepts, transformative learning and education for sustainability is also needed. It is concluded that the video diary method is potentially transferable to other educational research contexts and may be particularly suitable for researching learning in threshold spaces.     

Instructional technology: A tool or a panacea?

It is time to recognize that educational technology cannot be considered a panacea for educational reform. Technology, when properly used, can be a very effective tool for improving and enhancing instruction and learning experiences in the content areas. However, incorporation of electronic tools, such as computers and videodiscs, into classrooms must be accompanied by systemic change in the educational process. Successful utilization of technology depends on how we provide teachers with the necessary environment for training, tools for instruction, and technology evaluation skills. This paper examines some of the misuses of technology and then explores the appropriate use of technology in the context of current educational reform. The focus is on the integration of technology in the educational process that provides a learning environment allowing discovery and creativity through the use of computer visualizations. The teacher is seen as the essential element, requiring a solid foundation in the general applications of technology, and the ability to evaluate and select systems that are effective and efficient for specific applications.     

Instructional technology: A tool or a panacea?

It is time to recognize that educational technology cannot be considered a panacea for educational reform. Technology, when properly used, can be a very effective tool for improving and enhancing instruction and learning experiences in the content areas. However, incorporation of electronic tools, such as computers and videodiscs, into classrooms must be accompanied by systemic change in the educational process. Successful utilization of technology depends on how we provide teachers with the necessary environment for training, tools for instruction, and technology evaluation skills. This paper examines some of the misuses of technology and then explores the appropriate use of technology in the context of current educational reform. The focus is on the integration of technology in the educational process that provides a learning environment allowing discovery and creativity through the use of computer visualizations. The teacher is seen as the essential element, requiring a solid foundation in the general applications of technology, and the ability to evaluate and select systems that are effective and efficient for specific applications.     

Video as a tool for focusing teacher self-reflection: supporting and provoking teacher learning

This article describes the research landscape related to the use of video for promoting teacher learning, drawing on a variety of research studies to illustrate the breadth of approaches that have been employed. One particular research study is reported in some detail since, it is argued, this represents a new level of devolution of agency to teachers to play a self-scaffolding role in their own professional education. The study involved the investigation of an approach to the provision of feedback to teachers about their practice that involved stimulating teacher self-reflection and juxtaposed structure and agency. An observation framework grounded in classroom practice research was developed, and teachers selected elements of that framework to serve as the focus for examining their practice and seeking feedback about that practice. Teachers and researchers examined video-recorded lessons focusing on the teachers’ selected observation elements, and then engaged in feedback conversations about their observations and analyses, and the implications of these for future practice. The approach identified the video record as an artefact of the teacher’s own practice and one which demanded a professional response from the teacher. The balance between structure and agency realised in the study, in combination with the use of video for observation and analysis of practice, facilitated teacher self-reflection and functioned to both support and provoke teacher learning.     

从被动到主动：教师专业化依赖于教师的反思性教学实践

要进一步推动教师专业化发展,由教师被动地接受专业化转向教师个体主动地进行其教学行为内涵上的“专业化”,就必须关注教师的成长,着眼于在学校教育教学情景中教师的反思性教学实践。这也应该成为对教师实施职后继续教育和培训的基本立足点。     

关于现金流量多角度分析的思考

企业的债权人、投资、经营为了维护各自的利益，不得不认真阅读和分析企业的现金流量表以获取所需信息。笔拟从债权人、投资、经营等多角度出发，运用多种指标，对现金流量表进行分析。     

Curriculum auditing: an accessible tool or an awesome task?

Anna Williams, a Special Educational Needs Co-ordinator in a mainstream primary school, considers the value of curriculum auditing in meeting the needs of children with SEN. She examines, through a series of audits, the curriculum experienced by a Year 6 pupil with SEN, and concludes that curriculum auditing at the pupil level contributes valuable information to curriculum planning.     

Multifaceted Impact of Self-Efficacy Beliefs on Academic Functioning

This research analyzed the network of psychosocial influences through which efficacy beliefs affect academic achievement. Parents' sense of academic efficacy and aspirations for their children were linked to their children's scholastic achievement through their perceived academic capabilities and aspirations. Children's beliefs in their efficacy to regulate their own learning and academic attainments, in turn, contributed to scholastic achievement both independently and by promoting high academic aspirations and prosocial behavior and reducing vulnerability to feelings of futility and depression. Children's perceived social efficacy and efficacy to manage peer pressure for detrimental conduct also contributed to academic attainments but through partially different paths of affective and self-regulatory influence. The impact of perceived social efficacy was mediated through academic aspirations and a low level of depression. Perceived self-regulatory efficacy was related to academic achievement both directly and through adherence to moral self-sanctions for detrimental conduct and problem behavior that can subvert academic pursuits. Familial socioeconomic status was linked to children's academic achievement only indirectly through its effects on parental aspirations and children's prosocialness. The full set of self-efficacy, aspirational, and psychosocial factors accounted for a sizable share of the variance in academic achievement.     

Video as a tool for fostering productive discussions in mathematics professional development

This article explores the use of classroom video as a tool for fostering productive discussions about teaching and learning. The setting for our research is a 2-year mathematics professional development program, based on the Problem-Solving Cycle model. This model relies on video from the teachers’ own classrooms and emphasizes creating a community in which members feel comfortable learning from video. We describe our experiences carrying out the Problem-Solving Cycle model, focusing on our use of video, our efforts to promote a supportive and analytical environment, and the ways in which teachers’ conversations around video developed over a 2-year period.     

模仿还是叙事？——试论摄像记者的角色表现

电视画面的叙事作用关系到摄像记者在电视新闻报道中的工作属性和地位,对电视画面“证实性”的过分强调,只会将电视摄像的工作带向简单“模仿”现实的误区。从电视画面的生成机制来看,任何画面语言背后都有或强或弱的叙事声音,画面背后的叙事存在主要表现为选择、组合与评价。     

Exploring mobile tool integration: Design activities carefully or students may not learn

This investigation explores the integration of a mobile language learning application into a high school English course. It uses detailed behavioral data, assessments of student vocabulary and language knowledge, student work, and teacher observations to identify how students use the mobile application; measure student learning; determine which aspects of learning activity design supported or failed to support application integration; and determine how application use related to changes in student vocabulary knowledge. Students’ application use and learning suggest certain aspects of the noticing hypothesis (i.e., logging) do not apply in formal mobile learning environments and microlearning is rarely realized in these contexts when there is evidence of learning. From a theoretical perspective, the data suggest mobile tools can be used to encourage spaced repetition and deep processing when the accompanying learning activities are appropriately designed. However, the desired depth of processing is unlikely to be observed when application usage patterns that are consistent with microlearning are seen.     

多元化实践教学模式的理论研究与实践探索

从分析研究型大学本科生培养目标出发,阐述实施多元化实践教学模式教学的必要性,介绍多元化实践教学模式的内涵及测绘工程专业多元化实践教学模式的改革实践与成效。     

Acquiring Cultural Knowledge for Counselors in Training: A Multifaceted Approach

In the cross-cultural counseling literature many writers have suggested that counselors and counselor trainees should acquire knowledge about ethnic minority populations. More concrete suggestions are needed, however, regarding specific structures through which such knowledge might be gained. In this article the authors describe a multifaceted approach to acquisition of cross-cultural knowledge that is a culmination of experiences and activities the writers have used in a course titled Counseling Ethnic Minorities. This approach is based on the premise that knowledge and cultural sensitivity can be achieved through a combination of cognitive, affective, and behavioral procedures. The course includes assessment of cultural knowledge, reading ethnic literature, multicultural action planning, and small-group presentations. Students taking this course have judged the multifaceted approach to be a valuable experience for acquiring cross-cultural knowledge and for developing cross-cultural sensitivity. Most participants viewed the course as an important beginning to a lifelong process of learning.     

Home–School Agreements: A tool for parental control or for partnership?

Home-school agreements are part of the present government's School Standards and Framework Act (1998), which stipulated their completion by September 1999. In the present study, the arguments for and against home-school agreements are weighed up in the light of the results of a piece of research involving four inner-city primary schools. Following a consultation process in each school, written home-school agreements were produced on the basis of parents', children's and teachers' views on each other's areas of responsibilities (targets). During the evaluation phase, parents and children overwhelmingly expressed that they thought home-school agreements were useful and helped to enhance trust and understanding between parents and their school. A model for setting up or reviewing home-school agreements is proposed on the basis of the research findings. Implications for working with parents and further developing the role and power of parents in schools are illustrated. Systemic strategies that educational psychologists can use to enhance the relationship between school and parents are also outlined.     

Computer-Assisted Video Instruction:

No abstract available for this article.     

视频展台正负片操作的虚拟实验

视频展台是教学中常用的辅助媒体,正确熟练的使用可以大大提高教学效率。展台调节功能中的其中一个就是正负片的转换,通过这个切换按钮可以在正片和负片之间来回切换。Vrml语言和Java语言是做虚拟实验的常用工具,介绍如何用这两种语言实现正负片转换功能。