开展健美操教学,增强高中女生自信心

健美操是以人体为对象,以健美为目标,以身体练习为内容,以艺术创造为手段,融体操、舞蹈、武术、音乐等于一体的一个大众体育项目。它对客观条件要求不高,目前很多学校将其列为体育教学的主要内容之一,很受广大女生的喜爱。健美操教学还能促进女生自信心的提高,常用方法有：选择难度适中的内容和优美动听的音乐,着重意志品质的培养,创造积极适度的机会。     

大众健美操创编探素

大众健美操是一种方兴未艾的社会体育项目,大众健美操的创编在健美操的实施中占重要的, 要根据练习的具体情况综合各方面的条件,选择好音乐与风格特点的动作进行大众健美操创编。     

组合练习对女大学生体质影响的研究

以30名初次参加大众健美操与瑜伽组合练习的女大学生为练习组,并以30名未参加任何运动项目练习的女生为对照组,在10周练习的前后分别对其身体成分、心肺功能、柔韧性、下肢肌肉力量进行测试、对比和分析.结果表明,大众健美操与瑜伽组合练习可以调整女大学生身体成分,提高其心肺功能,增强柔韧性和下肢力量,在女大学生科学健身方面具有积极的作用.     

大众健美操在全民健身中的地位和作用

大众健美操在我国是一项深受广大群众喜爱的健身运动,它是一项集健身和健美,身心于一体的体育科学.它是以有氧运动为基础,在音乐的伴奏下,以身体练习为基本手段,在保持身体基本姿态的的基础上通过控制身体节律性弹动的技术,达到增进健康、塑造形体、改善气质的一项运动.本文阐述了大众健美操的特点,价值,并讨论分析了其在全民健身中的作用和地位,让人们对大众健美操有更深的了解,从而更有利于该项运动的推广、普及.     

不同级别的健美操对高校女生身体成分的影响

为了探究不同级别的大众健美操对高校女生身体成分的影响,本文采用文献资料法和实验法,选取符合要求的学生样本60名,以第二套《大众健美操锻炼标准》的一级、三级、五级作为研究对象,测试不同级别的健美操对高校女生身体成分的影响。     

体育专业男生开设健美操课程的必要性研究

健美操是在音乐伴奏下,以身体练习为基本手段,以有氧运动为基础,达到增进健康、塑造形体和娱乐身心等目的的一项体育运动。本文运用文献资料法和逻辑法,从健美操运动的价值、社会对具有健美操专长的人才需求等角度,对体育专业男生开设健美操课程的必要性进行论述。     

健美操对高职女生身体素质影响的研究

本文采用问卷调查法、文献资料法、数据统计法等方法,对浙江省四所高职院校的女生进行健美操实验。研究结果表明,对于女生来说,长期坚持练习健美操,可以增强自身的身体素质,强化心血管和呼吸机能,美化身体结构和形态。     

对高职院校女生健美操课教学的几点思考

健美操是以人体自身为对象,以美为核心,以健康为目标,以形体练习为内容,以若干创造为手段,融体操、舞蹈、音乐为一体,最终达到健身、健美、健心为目的一项体育运动.本文基于此对高职院校女生健美操课教学进行了探讨.     

高校女生选修《健美操》动机的调查分析

目的了解女大学生选修健美操的动机，为健美操选项课的改革与发展提供一定的参考依据．方法文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、访谈法．结果女大学生对健美操课学习兴趣较高．主要动机是增强体质、减肥塑身：影响女生选修健美操的主要原因是自身身体素质差、练习太辛苦、教学内容单一、场地设施条件差等．结论针对以上健美操教学存在的问题，提出采取分层次式教学、拓宽教学内容、加强体育设施建设等建议，以便更好地激发女生学习健美操的兴趣，以达到提高教学效果之目的．     

女性视角下江苏高职院校健美操课程开设对在校女生体育生活方式的影响

运用文献资料、问卷调查、访谈等研究方法,从女性视角对江苏省高职院校在校女生健美操课程开设的现状进行研究,结合江苏经济、教育和社会发展趋势,探讨高职院校在校女生健美操课程开设的路径。研究认为,在校高职院校女生健美操课程开设应以国家教育政策为导向,以社区大众体育活动为主,充分利用社团资源扩大大众体育群众基础,积极培养高职院校女生参与大众健身活动的意识,培养良好的体育生活方式。     

An analysis of flexible learning and flexibility over the last 40 years of Distance Education

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we report the major themes we identified in the literature surrounding flexible learning that has been published in Distance Education over the last 40 years. We identified six themes: the qualities of flexibility as affording “anytime, anyplace” learning; flexibility as pedagogy; liberatory or service-oriented aspects of flexibility; limitations of flexibility, especially in terms of technology, the constraints of time and space, as well as cultural differences; flexibility as a quality needed by instructors and instructional designers themselves; and critiques of flexibility as a concept. These themes suggest a complex understanding of flexibility, and one that could support future teaching and scholarly endeavours.     

柔性、投资和绩效之间的关系辨析

本研究了柔性、投资和绩效之间的关系。投资柔性的目的是提高企业绩效，但是投资只是获得柔性的一个必要条件，而不是充分条件，有效地管理技术、人力资源、业务流程、营销、财务等多方面因素集成的适度柔性才能获得理想的绩效。投资和绩效的平衡是企业进一步投资的动力。     

Student,teacher, and instructional characteristics related to students' gains in flexibility

Flexibility in problem solving has been widely recognized as an important skill for students' mastery of mathematics. Here we utilize the Opportunity-Propensity framework to investigate student characteristics, teacher characteristics, and teacher instructional practices that may be associated with students' gains in flexibility in algebra. Teacher and student data were collected from 8th and 9th grade Algebra I teachers in Massachusetts as part of a larger study on the impact of a researcher-developed year-long supplementary curriculum that focused on improving students' flexibility. We explore student demographics, teacher background characteristics and teacher instructional practices as predictors of student gains in flexibility. We further investigate instructional practices associated with flexibility gains through an analysis of teacher questioning in the classroom for teachers whose students achieved the greatest gains in flexibility and those whose students achieved the least gains. Our results indicate that prior knowledge is a reliable predictor of flexibility gains and that gender is an important student background characteristic associated with the development of flexibility. In addition, although high and low gain teachers did not differ in their implementation fidelity, high flexibility gain teachers asked more open-ended questions that prompted students to verbalize the main ideas of the lesson.     

体操运动员柔韧素质的培养

艺术体操是展示运动员柔韧性的最强的一项体育项目,其也是对体操运动员的柔韧素质要求较高的一项体育项目.良好的柔韧素质不仅能够使运动员完美的完成较高难度的动作,而且通过柔韧素质的艰苦磨练,还有助于运动员树立良好的体育精神.本文首先对柔韧素质的相关概念进行了分析,然后又提出了艺术体操柔韧性训练的方法、规则演变对艺术体操柔韧素质的影响,在文章的最后对我国柔韧素质的培养与国外柔韧素质的培养进行对比.     

我国大学教学之弹性研究

近20多年来我国大学对以往长期实行的刚性教学模式进行了多方面的改革，试图以此增加教学之弹性。本文通过对有代表性的四所大学教学计划中课内学时和课程结构变化情况的调查分析，发现大学教学之弹性的发展曾经出现阶段性反复，但总的趋势是弹性在增大；教学之弹性在各大学课程结构上表现各异，显示出强烈的大学自主性；大学教学之弹性在实践中还存在诸多障碍，有限的弹性并没有能够完全发挥作用。要增加大学教育教学的弹性，必须进一步转变教育观念，改革一些陈旧的做法，调整政府相关教育政策，营造充满弹性和无穷发展可能的大学教育教学模式。     

论我国高校人力资源的柔性管理

文章认为柔性管理适应新知识时代高校人力资源的要求,在分析柔性管理的特点及与刚性管理关系的基础上,对如何在我国高等院校实施人力资源柔性管理进行了探讨。     

The role of orthographic flexibility in Chinese word reading among kindergarten children

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the potential importance of orthographic flexibility for Chinese reading acquisition. Orthographic flexibility is a novel concept that represents the ability to manage and switch attention among multiple aspects of orthographic information. A total of 92 Chinese kindergarten children at age 6 were assessed on measures of orthographic flexibility, orthographic knowledge, executive functions (EF) skills (i.e. cognitive flexibility and working memory) and Chinese word reading. Results of hierarchical regressions showed that orthographic flexibility uniquely and significantly contributed to word reading beyond the effects of established predictors, namely orthographic knowledge and EF skills. Path analysis further indicated that orthographic flexibility significantly mediated the contribution of EF skills to word reading. These findings provided theoretical insights into the linkage between domain-general EF skills and domain-specific reading ability. The present study also provided practical implication that training on orthographic flexibility in addition to orthographic knowledge could be beneficial to early acquisition of Chinese word reading.     

Traditional and Evaluative Aspects of Flexibility in Gender Roles, Social Conventions, Moral Rules, and Physical Laws

Traditional and evaluative aspects of flexibility regarding transgressions across several domains (masculine and feminine gender roles, moral rules, social etiquette, and physical law) were assessed in 24 4-year-olds, 40 8-year-olds, and 46 college undergraduates. Traditional and evaluative aspects of flexibility yielded distinctly different patterns of response. Data indicated an age-related increase in flexibility on traditional measures (i.e., traditional rule flexibility, cultural relativity) for transgressions in all domains, except physical laws. In contrast, subjects in all age groups were consistently negative in their evaluations of transgressions in moral rules, etiquette, and masculine gender roles. Female subjects viewed masculine gender role transgressions with greater flexibility and less negativity than did male subjects. Results demonstrate the multidimensional character of flexibility development in different social and physical domains. Results suggest that masculine and feminine gender roles and social etiquette may not fall within a common domain of social convention.     

Mathematical Flexibility: Aspects of a Continuum and the Role of Prior Knowledge

Abstract

Psychologists and mathematics educators have long viewed flexibility as critical to students’ mathematical development. In this paper, we focused on the multidimensional nature of flexibility to better understand how preference, knowledge, and use of effective methods for solving algebra problems are related. In Study 1, we identified research-based aspects of flexibility with algebra and assessed students on them following a two-step equations unit. Results indicated that certain aspects of flexibility develop prior to others and that prior knowledge of algebra plays a significant role in that development. Study 2 confirmed and elaborated on these results using a larger sample size. Implications for theory and for supporting flexibility in classrooms are discussed.