SiO2和聚乙烯醇双负载纳米ZnS对CO2的光催化还原反应

Nanosized photocatalyst ZnS particles supported on silica and polyvinyl alcohol was successfully prepared by complex transformation method. The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 was carried out in the presence of nanosized ZnS catalyst irradiated by a high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp to give the main products of formaldehyde and ethanol. The catalytic ability of ZnS characterized by the uptaken rate of CO2P volume in the reaction system depended upon the preparing conditions of nanosized ZnS catalysts. Decreasing the concentration of Na2S and increasing the molar ratio of oxygen in the PVA to Zn2 could result in the decreasing of the size of ZnS parti-     

Development of supported boron-doping TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> catalysts by chemical vapor deposition

In this study, supported nonmetal （boron） doping TiO2 coating photocatalysts were prepared by chemical vapor deposition （CVD） to enhance the activity under visible light irradiation and avoid the recovering of TiO2. Boron atoms were successfully doped into the lattice of TiO2 through CVD, as evidenced from XPS analysis. B-doped TiO2 coating catalysts showed drastic and strong absorption in the visible light range with a red shift in the band gap transition. This novel B-TiO2 coating photocatalyst showed higher photocatalytic activity in methyl orange degradation under visible light irradiation than that of the pure TiO2 photocatalyst.     

Study on the distribution of active centers in novel low Ti-loading MgCl<Subscript>2</Subscript>-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst

Novel MgCl₂-supported Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalysts prepared using a new one-pot ball milling method can effectively control the amounts of Ti-loading in the catalysts. Complex GPC data on polypropylene synthesized by these novel catalysts were analyzed using the method of fitting the molecular weight distribution (MWD) curves with a multiple Flory-Schulz function. It was found that multiple active centers exist in these novel catalysts. Detailed study of the effects of the Ti-loadings in the catalysts on the distribution of the active centers showed that the Ti-loadings in the novel MgCl₂-supported Z-N catalysts might affect the proportion of each type of active centers; and might be the main factor responsible for the effect of the Ti-loadings on the microstructure, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution width of the resultant polymer, the catalytic activity and polymerization kinetics. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20172045), Science and Technology Plan Fund of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101116) and Foundation for Doctors of Ningbo City (No. 2003A62012), China     

A new linearly-combined bi-exponential model for kinetic analysis of the isometric relaxation process of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bufo gastrocnemius</Emphasis> under electric stimulation in vitro

There was a slow-relaxing tail of skeletal muscles in vitro upon the inhibition of Ca^2＋-pump by cyclopiazonic acid （CPA）. Herein, a new linearly-combined bi-exponential model to resolve this slow-relaxing tail from the fast-relaxing phase was investigated for kinetic analysis of the isometric relaxation process of Bufo gastrocnemius in vitro, in comparison to the single exponential model and the classical bi-exponential model. During repetitive stimulations at a 2-s interval by square pulses of a 2-ms duration at 12 V direct currency （DC）, the isometric tension of Bufo gastrocnemius was recorded at 100 Hz. The relaxation curve with tensions falling from 90% of the peak to the 15th datum before next stimulation was analyzed by three exponential models using a program in MATLAB 6.5. Both the goodness of fit and the distribution of the residuals for the best fitting supported the comparable validity of this new bi-exponential model for kinetic analysis of the relaxation process of the control muscles. After CPA treatment, however, this new bi-exponential model showed an obvious statistical superiority for kinetic analysis of the muscle relaxation process, and it gave the estimated rest tension consistent to that by experimentation, whereas both the classical bi-exponential model and the single exponential model gave biased rest tensions. Moreover, after the treatment of muscles by CPA, both the single exponential model and the classical bi-exponential model yielded lowered relaxation rates, nevertheless, this new bi-exponential model had relaxation rates of negligible changes except much higher rest tensions. These results suggest that this novel linearly-combined bi-exponential model is desirable for kinetic analysis of the relaxation process of muscles with altered Ca2^＋-pumping activity.     

Improvement of the efficacy of influenza vaccination （H5N1） in chicken by using extract of Cochinchina momordica seed （ECMS）

Seeds of a Chinese traditional medicine plant, Cochinchina momordica were used in the present study for the improvement of influenza vaccine （HSN 1） in chicken. Crude extraction from Cochinchina momordica seed （ECMS） was obtained by ethanol extraction method. In experiment No. 1, two weeks old chickens were immunized with influenza vaccine （HSN1） alone or combined with ECMS （5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/dose）. Serum IgG antibody levels （by ELISA） as well as effects on dally weight gain were measured on 0, 7, 14 and 28th day after immunization. Results revealed that all ECMS groups numerically increased the antibody levels while 10 and 20 μg/dose groups significantly （P〈0.05） enhanced total IgG antibody on day 28, when compared with control. Average daily weight gain was also significantly higher in 20 μg/dose ECMS group. Adjuvant effect was also confirmed in experiment No. 2 when chickens were immunized with 20 μg/dose ECMS and antibody titer was measured through hemagglutination inhibition （HI）. It is concluded that ECMS has potential to improve the immune responses and deserve further study as an adjuvant.