An Analysis of Instructorcreated Crossword Puzzles for Student Review

Abstract. This article evaluates the use of instructorcreated crossword puzzles as a means of reviewing course material. Students completed one crossword puzzle in class to prepare for an exam, and then they had the opportunity to complete a second crossword puzzle outside of class to prepare for the second exam. Students generally rated the crossword puzzle exercise favorably. They described learning more and finding the exercise more helpful for learning concepts and preparing for the exam when completing the crossword puzzle collaboratively in class rather than individually outside of class. Students also rated the exercise higher as a review technique and as more enjoyable when completed in class.     

Normal birth crossword puzzle

In this column, readers are introduced to Dawn Kersula and a crossword puzzle she designed to refresh and empower Lamaze childbirth education class participants with normal-birth information. The column's author goes on to demonstrate several ways crossword puzzles can be used in Lamaze classes.     

Students’ perceptions of Plickers and crossword puzzles in undergraduate studies

In higher education, there are calls to incorporate active learning experiences that place the student at the center of learning, rather than encouraging students to be passive listeners. For students to have a deeper and more meaningful learning experience, educators can use an active learning approach. This approach attempts to engage students at higher levels of thinking so that they are more interested in, better engaged with, and understand the course material better. The aim of this study was to investigate students’ perceptions of Plickers and crossword puzzles as low‐cost pedagogical tools to foster active learning in an undergraduate course in food science and technology. A mixed‐method survey consisting of a 5‐point Likert scale and open‐ended qualitative questions was administered via Blackboard to elicit student responses. A total of 121 students were enrolled for the course and 70.2% (n = 85) completed the survey. Plickers were found to be easy to use (mean = 4.66), provided opportunities to answer to formative questions anonymously (mean = 4.60), and helped increase participation in class (mean 4.05). The majority of students felt that crossword puzzles required them to think critically (mean = 4.53) and provided them with the opportunity to assess how well they understood the course content (mean = 4.45). Moreover, a statistically positive relationship was found between student collaborative learning and crossword puzzle implementation scores (r = .506, p < .01). The findings demonstrated that when implemented effectively, Plickers and crossword puzzles contributed to greater enhanced student engagement. These pedagogical tools can be applied as formative assessment instruments and offer a low‐cost alternative to the limitations encapsulated by didactic pedagogy.     

场域理论下逻辑学教学方法研究

场域理论为课堂教学模式提供新理念,即师生平等对话、学生主动参与的教学观念,改变传统教师主导教学的灌输式教学模式,有效提高学生课堂参与积极性。特别是针对逻辑学课堂教学特点,幽默笑话模仿、填字游戏、情景再现、组织辩论赛等教学方法将场域理论要求融入教学过程,充分调动学生兴趣,增强了课堂教学效果,提高学习成绩。     

Environmental and Science Education in Developing Nations: A Ghanaian Approach to Renewing and Revitalizing the Local Community and Ecosystems

Curriculum reform in environmental and science education now taking place in Ghana focuses on the community and ecosystems as the context of education. In Ghana, students conduct science investigations that include games, word searches, crossword puzzles, case studies, role play, debates, projects, and ecological profiles. This curriculum reflects an acknowledgement of the effect of conserving and protecting Ghanaian intergenerational knowledge and skills concerning the natural systems, including those of preserving ceremonies, personal expectations, narratives, beliefs, and values. The authors highlight these efforts to counter notions that Ghanaian education is still developing and to contrast the ideologies of seemingly developed educational landscapes in the United States. The authors argue that educational reform in the United States could benefit from an understanding of environmental and science education in seemingly developing nations.     

香料烟穿烟方法及调制技术探究

为提高香料烟的品质,在保山市、德宏州香料烟产区进行了多年多点的穿烟方法与调制技术探究.结果表明：云香巴斯玛品种的下部叶穿烟200 ～ 300片/m、中部叶穿烟400 ～ 500片/m、上部叶穿烟500～ 600片/m,沙姆逊品种的下部叶穿烟100～200片/m、中部叶穿烟200～300片/m、上部叶穿烟300～400片/m,调制后品质较好.调制根据烟叶状态,第1～3 d为凋萎变黄期,要求温度为20 ～ 28℃,相对湿度65％ ～ 80％;第4～9d为定色晒制期,温度20 ～50℃,相对湿度40％ ～ 60％;第10 ～ 15 d为干筋期,温度30～55℃,相对湿度35％ ～ 50％.在该范围内,调制后烟叶外观质量好、颜色桔黄、光泽鲜明、油分足,能满足客户需求.     

Post‐welfarism and the reconstruction of teachers’ work in the UK

A key rationale for the UK education reforms of the 1980s and 1990s was a desire on the part of agents within the state to control more directly the work of teachers. In a variety of ways, the reforms were designed to contribute to a reconstruction of the work of teaching. The first part of this paper considers the roots of this intended reconstruction. The second part explores the impact of the reforms on the culture of teachers’ work, focusing on three kinds of consequences ‐ emotional, social and pedagogical. The paper draws on loosely‐structured interviews with secondary school teachers, carried out as part of a study of the culture and values of schooling in the light of the shift from wel‐farist to post‐welfarist policies in education.     

"九五"期间中国比较教育研究的进展

本文分析了1995—2000年间中国比较教育发展的主要成就，概括了这一时期中国学者对比较教育学科建设的基本观点，分析了三大主要的比较教育专业杂志的论文成果，总结了这一时期中国比较教育研究存在的主要问题。     

Professional development and the beginning teacher: issues of teacher autonomy and institutional conformity in the performance review process

This paper discusses some of the conditions that have facilitated the use of a customised virtual learning environment as part of a blended learning approach on a part‐time postgraduate initial teacher training programme for prospective primary school teachers. It is based on data gathered as part of a study of the impact of e‐learning on students following a part‐time flexible postgraduate route to Qualified Teacher Status. It concludes that the success of these particular virtual communities can be attributed to the balance, on the programme, between face‐to‐face and e‐learning together with the nature and structuring of the e‐learning tasks; the focus on professional learning with the immediacy of its application in the work‐place; its focus on independent and student‐led interaction; and the motivation and personal circumstances of the students involved.     

Teachers' views on educational research

Exploring teachers' attitudes toward educational research has been an important subject for researchers. This study aimed to determine teachers' views on educational research. A three-part survey questionnaire, the first part of which consists of demographic questions, the second part of which consists of statements aiming to determine teachers' views on the impact of educational research, and the third part of which consists of 18 items aiming to determine teachers' views on the value of educational research, was used to elicit responses from teachers. Results showed that 68% of the participating teachers had seriously considered educational research findings since first qualifying as teachers.     

Child Development Under Threat: its place in initial teacher education for the years of primary schooling

Abstract

This paper is an attempt to discuss current and future ESL practice with reference to a postal questionnaire survey administered to all English local education authorities in February 1989. The first part of the discussion deals with ESL practice in its historical context. The second part reports some of the findings of the survey. The final part proposes a particular view on future development in terms of collaborative mainstream ESL pedagogy.     

Institutional policies for part‐time undergraduate higher education in Scotland

Financial pressures, restrictions on full‐time participation and the public commitment to access and lifelong learning, suggest that part‐time provision may be increasingly important in undergraduate‐level higher education. However the scale and organisation of part‐time provision varies across institutions, and its future development may depend on decisions taken at institutional level. This paper describes Scottish institutions’ policies for part‐time provision of first degrees and Higher National Certificates and Diplomas (HNCs and HNDs). It is based on interviews with senior managers in all 23 Scottish higher education institutions (HEIs), and in 11 further education (FE) colleges. Most institutions planned to expand part‐time provision. New (post‐1992) universities were the most committed to expansion; non‐university HEIs and some old universities were the least committed. Policies for expanding part‐time provision were often part of a broader strategy for flexibility. The research revealed two contrasting models of flexibility: many universities pursued flexible integration, bringing full‐ and part‐time study into a common web of provision, whereas FE colleges typically pursued flexible differentiation, maintaining the distinctions between (and within) the modes. Institutional polices were influenced by four sets of factors: institutional mission, other institution‐specific factors, government policy and funding, and demand; funding arrangements and demand were seen as the main drivers. Finally, we question whether the greater formal autonomy of institutions led in practice to more independent decision‐making, and whether the trends anticipated by our interviewees are in fact well entrenched.     

Multiplication on ℝn

In the first part of this article we discussed the nonexistence of division algebra structures and vector products on ℝⁿ. We now show how results fromtopology can be used to prove the results in the first article.While the discussion in the first part of the article required only elementary mathematics, this (second) part requires notions from basictopology, with which, we hope, many students at the M Sc level are familiar.     

Āryabhata and axial rotation of earth

In the first part of this series, we discussed the celestial sphere and Aryabhata’s principle of axial rotation; in this part we shall discuss in detail the concept of sidereal day and then mention Aryabhata’s computations on the duration of sidereal day.     

我国法定存款准备金政策有效性分析

本文从三个方面分析了法定存款准备金的有效性,第一部分为对法定存款准备金的传导机制进行分析与阐述;第二部分为法定存款准备金对中介目标的影响,通过定性分析得出我国法定存款准备金对货币供应量的影响,得出货币供应量对产出和物价影响不足。通过前两部分的分析,得出我国法定存款准备金对货币最终目标的有效性分析;第三部分通过上述分析得出最终结论,并分析原因以及提出了建议。     

小议梶井基次郎《柠檬》的色彩运用

《柠檬》是作家梶井基次郎的短篇代表作之一。作家的写作风格就是从《柠檬》开始确立的。作为一位接受西方教育热爱西方绘画的人,作家将绘画的主要元素,即色彩加入了他的短篇小说中。《柠檬》中的空间排布和色彩的运用也可以说是独具匠心。文章尝试着从空间色彩的渗透与最后色彩的爆炸为切入口对这篇立意新颖的小说进行研究。文章主要分为五个部分,第一部分是描述了现实混沌的色彩,第二部分着重描写幻想空间多重色彩,接着阐述金黄色的柠檬所连接着的两个世界色彩的改变,第四部分着重于幻想与现实色彩的冲撞与爆炸,第五部分则探讨了爆炸之后宁静所具有的意义。     

FromPurgatorius ceratops toHomo sapiens

Looking at ourselves today, it is a little difficult to conceive of our origins as “small, fuzzy critters” that ate insects and lived in trees. And yet, as modern biology suggests, humankind is only part (and a very small part!) of an evolutionary continuum that stretches back to the origins of the primate order, some 80 million years ago. This article attempts to trace the origin and evolution of the primate order from its beginnings as a small and obscure species in a corner of the planet to the rise and spread of humankind, the most formidable species on Earth today. The first part of this article briefly reviews the evolutionary history of primates and significant phenomena that affected the course of this evolution, while the second part of the article focuses on the important stages in human evolution.     

An Adaptive Finite Element Method Based on OptimalError Estimates for Linear Elliptic Problems

The subject of the work is to propose a series of papers about adaptive finite element methods based on optimal error control estimate. This paper is the third part in a series of papers on adaptive finite element methods based on optimal error estimates for linear elliptic problems on the concave comer domains. In the preceding two papers (part 1 : Adaptive finite element method based on optimal error estimate for linear elliptic problems on concave comer domain; part 2:Adaptive finite element method based on optimal error estimate for linear elliptic problems on nonconvex polygonal domains), we presented adaptive finite element methods based on the energy norm and the maximum norm. In this paper, an important result is presented and analyzed. The algorithm for error control in the energy norm and maximum norm in part 1 and part 2 in this series of papers is based on this result.     

A framework for research into Australian middle school practice

As a new reform in Australian education, middle schooling has been gaining momentum. The rationale behind middle schooling is to bridge the traditional primary-high school gap and provide a more developmentally appropriate educational experience for young adolescents. Middle schooling in the USA has gone through a “boom-to-bust” cycle and is currently undergoing a “reinvention” as research on practice and reporting of research on practice has, in the most part, been ad hoc and piecemeal. If Australian middle schools are to avoid the boom-to-bust-to-reinvention cycle experienced in parts of the USA (Beane 2001), then a more systematic approach to researching practice is required. Research-based criteria for systematic study and improvement of middle school practice have been identified as (a) acceptance as part ofplanning alternative practice, (b)effectiveness as part ofimplementing alternative practice, and (c)sustainability as part ofevaluating alternative practice.     

整体与部分范畴在古希腊哲学中的演进

整体与部分范畴在古希腊哲学中的演进，大致经历了三个阶段：从米利都学派到爱利亚学派，是整体与部分范畴的萌芽阶段；从原子论者到柏拉图，是整体与部分范畴的明确提出，并开始探索整体与部分关系的阶段；亚里士多德哲学比较深刻地研究了整体与部分范畴以及它们之间的关系，并在一定程度上认识到了整体与部分的辩证法。