Emotional anchoring and objectification in the media reporting on climate change

Using the framework of social representations theory--more precisely the concepts of anchoring and objectification--this article analyses the emotions on which the media reporting on climate change draws. Emotions are thereby regarded as discursive phenomena. A qualitative analysis of two series in Swedish media on climate change, one in a tabloid newspaper and one in public service television news, is presented showing how the verbal and visual representations are attached to emotions of fear, hope, guilt, compassion and nostalgia. It is further argued that emotional representations of climate change may on the one hand enhance public engagement in the issue, but on the other hand may draw attention away from climate change as the abstract, long-term phenomenon of a statistical character that it is.     

珠峰所在区域全球气候变暖影响显著

利用西藏日喀则地区珠峰所在区域的定日气象站1959～2002年和江孜1957～2002年年平均气温资料，本区域位于喜马拉雅山以北，冈底斯山脉以南的一条狭长地带均属高原温带半干旱季风气侯区，本区地势西高东低，中间还有拉轨岗日山，为两大山脉的凹形谷地，谷地南部为喜马拉雅山雨阴区，定日、江孜均属这一区域，也属珠峰所在区域。另外选取日喀则地区雅江流域主要农区的日喀则站1956-2002年和拉孜站1980～2002年年平均气温资料，通过两个区域的年平均气温的历史演变情况进行分析、对照和比较，得出两个区域的历史气温变化规律，结果显示在全球气侯变暖的背景下，两个区域的年平均气温都增高的趋势，其中属珠峰所在区域的年平均气温增高的趋势尤为明显，全球气候变暖影响相当显著。     

Corporate commitment to climate change: The effect of eco-innovation and climate governance

Climate change represents a significant problem to the planet which raises concerns from stakeholder groups about corporate commitment to climate change issues. In this paper, we explore the effect of eco-innovation and climate governance on corporate commitment to climate change. We develop a unique measure for climate change commitment by considering four components, viz. whether a company supports the Sustainable Development Goal 13 on climate action, whether a company is aware that climate change can represent commercial risks or opportunities, whether a company reports Scope 3 CO₂ emissions and whether a company sets a target for emission reduction. We measure eco-innovation by using a score collected from the Eikon database that reflects a company's capacity to reduce environmental costs, eco-innovation intensity measured as environmental expenditures over revenues. We also create an index computed as a composite score by totalling five eco-innovation proxies collected from the Eikon database that reflect companies' efforts to reduce environmental impact. Concerning climate governance, we focus on three proxies, namely the existence of an environmental committee, climate incentives and the existence of sustainability reports. Based on a sample of companies listed on the London Stock Exchange for the period of 2014–2020, we find that corporate eco-innovation is positively associated with climate change commitment. We argue that firms that adopt innovative approaches to efficiently control pollution and resource use and reduce their environmental impact are more committed to climate change. We also find that climate governance is positively associated with climate change commitment. We claim that companies that integrate climate change issues in governance can help address climate change risks and opportunities. Our empirical evidence provides recommendations for managers and policymakers to promote the adoption of eco-innovative technologies and integrate climate change issues in governance, which can contribute to corporate commitment to climate change.     

The spill-over theory reversed: The impact of regional economies on the commercialization of university science

The concept of regional technology spill-overs created by university research is one of the most enduring theories within the economic geography and innovation management fields. This article introduces an alternative perspective on academic commercialization, arguing that the quality of a university's regional environment can significantly impact a university's success in commercializing science. Recent research on university technology transfer stresses the importance of personal contacts between academic and industry scientists in driving commercialization. The social structure of the regional economy in which a university is embedded will strongly influence the density of contacts linking university scientists with individuals in industry, and through doing so, impact the density of networks through which university knowledge can be commercialized. Social network analysis is used to examine the quality of social ties linking industry and university scientists within the San Francisco and Los Angeles California biotechnology industries over the 1980–2005 period. Results support the theory that the existence of strong social networks linking inventors heightens university commercialization output. Despite similar university research endowments, universities in San Francisco have dramatically commercialization outputs than San Francisco, which is correlated with the existence of cohesive inventor networks linking industry and university scientists in this region, but not Los Angeles. Moreover, longitudinal analysis shows that the commercialization output of San Francisco universities increased substantially starting in the early 1990s, the time period in which cohesive inventor networks emerged in the region.     

Truth and opinion in climate change discourse: the Gore-Hansen disagreement

In this paper, I discuss the "inconvenient truth" strategy of Al Gore. I argue that Gore's notion of truth upholds a conception of science and policy that narrows our understanding of climate change discourse. In one notable exchange, Gore and NASA scientist, James Hansen, disagreed about whether scientific statements based on Hansen's computer simulations were truth or opinion. This exchange is featured in An Inconvenient Truth, yet the disagreement is edited from the film and presented simply as an instance of Hansen speaking "inconvenient truth". In this article, I compare the filmic representation of Hansen's testimony with the congressional record. I place their exchange in a broader historical perspective on climate change disputation in order to discuss the implications of Gore's perspective on truth.     

气候变化的事实、影响及对策

前言 近百年来,地球气候正经历一次以全球变暖为主要特征的显著变化.我国气候变化趋势与全球基本一致.近50年的气候变暖主要由人类使用化石燃料排放的大量CO2等温室气体的增温效应造成的.现有预测表明,未来50-100年全球和我国气候将继续向变暖的方向发展,全球变暖已对全球的生态系统以及社会经济系统产生明显影响,并将继续造成长远而巨大的影响.其中许多影响是负面的或不利的,在国际上,<联合国气候变化框架公约>缔约方正在就如何减缓这种气候变暖趋势和控制温室气体排放进行谈判.     

Innovating in the periphery: The impact of local and foreign inventor mobility on the value of Indian patents

We examine the impact of local and foreign labor mobility in India by modeling one regional and one global network, each of which captures the inter-organizational mobility of inventors. Our analysis of the regional network shows that, within India, the productivity of inventors does not improve when they move from foreign to Indian organizations. In the global network, we find that Indian organizations remain located in the periphery as a result of employing a small number of inventors from foreign organizations. However, in the instances when inventors are hired from foreign organizations, they are able to produce patents with a higher impact in comparison to inventors hired from other Indian organizations. Furthermore, when the inventors are hired from abroad, the impact of their patents is even higher in comparison. The implications of these findings for innovation and policy in the emerging economy context are discussed.     

Technology and moral change: the transformation of truth and trust

Ethics and Information Technology - Today humanity is in the midst of the massive expansion of new and fundamental technology, represented by advanced artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The...     

创新补贴对中国区域科技成果转化的影响研究—基于市场竞争公平性的门槛效应

着眼于区域经济发展，以地区高技术产业为研究对象，研究政府创新补贴对区域科技成果转化的影响。利用2010—2019年我国27个省份高技术产业省际面板数据，以市场竞争公平性作为门槛变量构建非线性面板门槛回归模型，对创新补贴与区域科技成果转化关系中的门槛效应进行实证考察。结果表明，创新补贴对区域科技成果转化具有显著的双重门槛效应：当市场竞争公平程度较高时，创新补贴对区域科技成果转化呈现出显著的正向影响，且随着地区市场竞争公平程度的减弱，这种正向影响逐渐削弱；当市场竞争公平程度继续降低并跨越第二门槛值时，创新补贴对区域科技成果转化的积极影响消失。基于此，提出建立健全政策组合机制、注重市场竞争公平性的门槛影响效应、充分利用技术溢出以及营造良好市场环境等，促进发挥政府创新补贴对科技成果转化促进效应的对策建议。     

区域创新机构对创新绩效影响的研究

分析创新资源在创新系统各个机构的配置对区域创新绩效的影响 ,找出影响区域创新系统创新绩效的瓶颈因素 ,是制定区域技术创新政策的前提。本文运用DEA方法分析我国各地区创新系统创新机构资源配置状况对创新绩效的影响 ,发现区域创新能力和创新绩效间没有关系 ,规模效益递增的区域较少 ,说明在我国增加创新投入虽然为当务之急 ,但是更应当注重创新资源的使用效率。     

制造业聚集对能源绩效的影响及区域比较研究

基于2003-2015年中国省级制造业面板数据,本文运用两阶段最小二乘法实证分析了制造业聚集对静态和动态能源绩效的影响及其区域差异。结果显示,（1）从全国总体来看,无论在无环境约束还是在环境约束下,制造业聚集与静态和动态能源绩效及其分解指标之间均存在明显的“U型”曲线关系。（2）制造业经济发展水平与静态和动态能源绩效也呈现出显著的“U型”关系,即“环境库兹涅茨假说”在中国制造业中显著存在。其次,制造业企业规模和环境规制强度均有利于提升静态和动态能源绩效,验证了“熊彼特假说”和“波特假说”。此外,制造业外商直接投资和产权结构对静态和动态能源绩效均具有一定的负向影响作用,支持了“污染避难所”假说。（3）在无环境约束和环境约束两种情形下,制造业聚集对静态和动态能源绩效的影响作用均存在明显的区域差异。其中,东部和中部地区制造业聚集主要通过能源技术效率跨期提高和能源技术跨期进步的共同作用来促进其动态能源绩效提高,而西部地区制造业聚集则主要仅通过能源技术效率跨期提高来推进其动态能源绩效提升。     

制造业集聚对创新生产率的影响及区域比较

基于2003-2015年我国省级制造业面板数据,采用两阶段最小二乘法,本文分析了制造业集聚对创新生产率的影响,并进行了区域比较。理论分析表明,制造业集聚主要通过创新投入不断减少和创新产出有效增加,从而推动技术进步或技术效率的提高等作用机制来促进创新生产率提升。实证结果显示,(1)制造业集聚能够有效促进其创新生产率提升,并且技术效率的改善而非技术进步是制造业集聚促进创新生产率提升的主要途径;(2)分区域比较来看,制造业集聚对创新生产率及其分解指标的影响作用在东、中、西部区域之间存在明显的差异。其中,东中西部区域制造业集聚均有利于显著促进其创新生产率提升和技术效率改善,但作用程度之间存在一定的差异,且对技术进步的影响系数虽为正,却不显著;(3)无论是替换核心解释变量,还是分时间段进行回归估计,抑或对制造业集聚对创新生产率影响的作用途径进行检验,上述结果均成立。基于上述研究结论,本文提出了推进我国制造业创新生产率提升的相关政策建议。     

全球变化研究:一门综合学科发展的历程

20世纪70年代末期以来,人类面临了严峻的资源、环境和发展问题的挑战。问题的产生源自人类为谋求更好的发展而进行的各类活动。这些活动在不同程度上改变和破坏着人类原有的居     

区域创新系统对FDI进入及溢出影响研究

摘要：浙江大学管理学院,浙江 杭州310058本文运用2000-2006年鉴数据进行实证分析,研究了区域创新系统若干因子对于FDI资本投入和创新投入的吸引及影响,并分析了FDI对内资企业生产效率以及创新绩效的溢出作用。结论表明区域创新系统若干因子对跨国公司FDI资本投入及创新投入有正向影响,来自西方国家的资本投入比较于来自港澳的资本投入对内资企业的生产效率溢出效应短期内为负,而以西方跨国公司科技研发投入为主的FDI创新投入对内资企业的创新绩效产生了显著的正向影响。     

Navigating the impact-innovation double hurdle: The case of a climate change research fund

This paper analyses how the funding for research grants was allocated from a specific research fund which aimed to support innovative research projects with the potential to have research impact by reducing carbon emissions. The fund received a total of 106 proposals, of which 27 were successful at obtaining financial support. Our aims were to test which factors influenced the funding decision and to discover whether or not and to what extent the fund met its intended objectives through the allocation of monies. The allocation process and its outcomes were analysed using correlation, logistical and linear regression to test our research hypotheses. Using this research funding process as a single study, we found that trying to clear the impact-innovation double hurdle in a single funding initiative ultimately compromises both goals. This paper therefore contributes to our understanding of innovation management within the context of carbon emission reduction and explains which factors influenced success in securing research monies through the funding process.     

关于气候变化对我国的影响与防灾对策建议

联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)指出,全球气候变暖已是一个不争的事实,未来100年全球气候还将持续变暖,并对自然生态系统和经济社会系统产生巨大影响。我国是受气候变化影响最为严重的国家之一,面临气候变化带来的各种负面影     

全球价值链与地方产业集群升级的国外研究述评

在经济全球化背景下,地方产业集群竞争力的提升需要与全球价值链上行为主体互动实现升级。本文通过对相关文献的理论综述,回顾了全球价值链的主要内容,对嵌入全球价值链的地方产业集群升级理论的国外研究现状进行了梳理和评述,以期对相关理论有一个深入、全面的认识。     

论英语帝国主义对汉语的影响及其应对

详细分析了全球化背景下英语的强大的原因,提出了英语对汉语在词汇,汉语用法、译文西化等方面产生的影响,并指出了保持汉语纯正性的立法、重视母语、加强教学体系改革的措施和办法,以期在汉语推广过程中提供参考作用。