浅析中考英语阅读理解题及应对策略

针对中学英语课改中存在的问题,本文就中考阅读理解题从试题命题的题型、特点诠释如何应对阅读理解题的方法、技巧。     

PETS五级阅读理解试题分析及启示——以2009年5月PETS五级考试真题为例

全国公共英语等级考试（PETS）阅读理解部分题型新颖,题材广泛,题材多样。这一部分分值所占比重较大,采取何种阅读策略和技巧是取得高分的关键因素。本文以2009年5月PETS五级真题为例,简要阐述了应对这种题型的方法和技巧。     

如何快速提升高中英语阅读理解能力

阅读能力的形成和提高首先需要扎实的语言基础知识,然后才谈得上方法和技能技巧等。高中阅读理解要求学生储备大量的词汇,并运用各种技巧结合高考阅读题型进行训练。     

简答题的命题特征与应对

在大学英语四、六级试卷中,简答题与完型填空、短文摘句翻译一样,属于换用题型。虽然简答题和完型填空、短文摘句翻译及必考题型阅读理解同属语篇性考题,但每种题型都有各自的做题要领和技巧。本文拟就简答题的命题特征和要求谈谈其应对策略。简答题型除了与阅读理解题型和短文     

阅读理解解题技巧浅议

很多同学对阅读理解题十分头痛，认为自己读懂了大部分章，还总是做不对题。其实这里存在着对高考阅读理解题型的认识和理解技巧问题。综观十多年来的高考题，一般来说，阅读理解的题型分为四大类：     

中考英语阅读理解题型分析

阅读(reading)在中考中所占的分值较大,做题时间有限,差错率较高,是广大考生颇感头疼的一个题型。怎样才能顺利通过这一难关呢?俗话说“知己知彼,百战不殆。”了解了中考阅读的各种题型,才能制定相应的应对策略。下面我们就将历年的中考阅读理解各种题型作一分析归纳,希望能够帮助同学们完全了解并掌握各种阅读理解题型。     

关于高考英语“七选五”阅读理解的应对策略分析

目前高中生在面临"七选五"阅读理解题型时总会感到理解困难,这主要是大部分学生并不具备充分的阅读储备量以及缺乏相应的阅读策略与技巧,针对该题型的应对策略,本文将从语篇衔接理论、图式理论以及修辞结构理论三个层面来进行具体分析。     

高中英语阅读理解能力培养

阅读理解题型一直是英语高考题中的重点,也是学生感觉困难的题型,由于各种原因,对于解答这类题,学生往往存在畏难情绪。本文从学生阅读理解现状出发,提出了增加词汇量,养成良好阅读习惯,增加阅读量,提高阅读技巧等方法,全面培养学生的阅读理解能力。     

解析大学英语四级之"阅读理解"

大学英语四级考试是在校大学生必须参加并通过的考试,而阅读理解又占了相当大的比例,因此它可以说是决定考试成功与否的关键.本文通过对新大学英语四级阅读理解的解析,包括介绍其题型、测试内容及应试技巧,旨在帮助学生了解题型的变化,并掌握应试技巧,最终能够更好的应对四级考试.     

谈解答阅读理解题的技巧

阅读理解题是中考必考题型之一。要做好此类题，除了应具备过硬的英语基础知识和较强的阅读能力外，还要掌握一定的方法和技巧。下面跟同学们谈一谈做阅读理解题的技巧问题。     

How do people read the passages during a reading comprehension test? The effect of reading purpose on text processing behavior

In this study, we investigate the effect of reading purpose on students’ processing behavior during a reading comprehension test. In a repeated measures design, sixty undergraduates answered multiple-choice (MC) reading comprehension questions in a condition with no overarching goal for reading and in an alternate condition where the same students were first provided with the goal of summarizing the text before answering MC questions. Results from eye tracking analysis showed that when students read and answered questions without an overarching goal, they spent much less time reading the passages before answering the questions, more time re-reading the texts while answering the questions, and more time on parts of the text that were not necessary to answer the questions. We conclude that providing examinees without an explicit goal for reading may inadvertently encourage a “search for the answer” reading process, rather than on building a coherent mental model of text content.     

Comparing effects of different writing activities on reading comprehension: A meta-analysis

The purposes of this review were to determine: (1) if different writing activities were more effective than others in improving students’ reading comprehension, and (2) if obtained differences among writing activities was related to how reading comprehension was measured? Meta-analysis was used to examine these questions across studies involving students in grades 1–12. Nineteen studies were located that met inclusion criteria, resulting in 4 writing activities comparisons with 4 or more studies per comparison: summary writing versus answering questions (k = 5), summary writing versus note taking (k = 7), answering questions versus note taking (k = 4), and answering questions versus extended writing activities (k = 6). Effect sizes calculated for each writing activities comparison indicated there were no statistically significant differences for any of these comparisons when effects were averaged over all reading comprehension measures, excluding treatment-inherent measures. However, statistically significant differences were found for two of the comparisons on specific measures. Extended writing enhanced reading comprehension better than question answering on measures where comprehension was assessed via an extended writing activity, whereas summary writing enhanced reading comprehension better than question answering on a free recall measure. The results provide limited support for the theoretical viewpoint that writing activities are differentially effective in improving reading comprehension based on how closely the writing activities are aligned with a particular measure.     

The influence of question type,text availability,answer confidence and language background on student comprehension of an expository text

Reading is an essential activity for learning at university, but lecturers are not always experienced in setting appropriate questions to test understanding of texts. In other words, their assessments may not be ‘constructively aligned’ with the learning outcomes they hope their students to exhibit. In examination conditions, questions may be set with insufficient time for re-reading available texts, thus drawing more on students' powers of recall than on deeper learning and comprehension. Previous research has been undertaken on reading comprehension generally, but no research has yet explored the interaction of factors such as text availability (re-reading of texts), text layout, question type and respondents' language background. This study explores the correctness of 50 participants' responses to a set reading task based on an expository text, and participants' confidence in giving those answers, in relation to four factors: the effects of question type; text availability; text layout; and language background. The main findings are that non-native speakers of English have more difficulty and less confidence in answering implicit questions and that reviewing the text has a significant effect on response correctness for implicit questions. The form of text layout did not show a significant effect, however. Our results have implications for lecturers who set readings and questions for comprehension and others who use reading comprehension as part of their ‘hidden curriculum’. Further research in this area is required to determine more precisely the effects of language background.     

英语阅读理解应试技巧初探

该文主要叙述了英语阅读理解测试的方向和目的，总结了归纳了阅读测试的5大题型及其应试技巧。     

How Individual Differences Interact With Task Demands in Text Processing

Reading is affected by both situational requirements and one’s cognitive skills. The current study investigated how individual differences interacted with task requirements to determine reading behavior and outcome. We recorded the eye movements of college students, who differed in reading efficiency, while they completed a multiple-choice (MC) comprehension test in two within-subject conditions: one in which they read passages and answered MC questions as in a typical reading test and one in which they wrote a summary before answering the MC questions. We found students spent longer time reading the text in the summary-writing condition, resulting in a benefit in the time they spent when answering MC questions. This time benefit was larger for students who had relatively low reading efficiency. These results demonstrated that both task requirements and individual differences can interact to affect reading behavior and performance. Implications for reading practice and assessment are discussed.     

Using Prompt Fading to Teach Self‐Questioning to Fifth Graders with LD: Effects on Reading Comprehension

Students with LD who struggle with reading comprehension can benefit from instruction on how to read strategically. One strategy that has been demonstrated to increase reading comprehension is self‐questioning. In this study, two fifth graders with LD were taught to self‐generate questions using a prompt fading procedure. The participants were provided with expository reading passages with embedded questions. As each participant demonstrated proficiency with answering the embedded questions correctly, the embedded questions were systematically faded and replaced with a prompt for the students to generate their own questions. A multiple baseline across participants design demonstrated that the self‐questioning intervention resulted in improvements in reading comprehension for both students. Additionally, the students demonstrated evidence of maintenance and generalization of reading comprehension outcomes.     

Comparison of the effectiveness and efficiency of oral and written retellings and passage review as strategies for comprehending text

The purpose of this study was to compare the instructional effectiveness and efficiency of oral retelling, written retelling, and passage review comprehension strategies on third‐grade students' accuracy and rate of answering reading comprehension questions. A modified alternating treatment design was used to compare the effects of oral retelling, written retelling, and passage review strategies. Each strategy occurred within the context of repeated readings with phrase drill error correction. This study extended previous research findings by examining the effects of oral and written retelling as strategies for improving both literal and inferential comprehension and by investigating the efficiency of retelling procedures. Findings revealed that students' accuracy in answering reading comprehension performance was better under both retelling conditions than the passage review condition. The oral retelling coupled with repeated readings and phrase drill error correction was the most efficient instructional method for answering comprehension questions correctly. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

英语听力、词汇和阅读理解的应试技巧

分析了英语考试中听力、词汇和阅读理解三方面试题的考试重点和难点,通过解析典型例题,提出了具体的应试技巧,认为在英语考试中解决听力、词汇和阅读理解这三类题型时,有针对性的掌握一些答题的技巧和方法不仅可以提高回答问题的效率,更能够提高考试的质量,达到事半功倍的效果。     

Examining reading comprehension text and question answering time differences in university students with and without a history of reading difficulties

The current study aimed to examine performance times during text reading and question answering of students with and without a history of reading difficulties. Forty-three university students with a history of reading difficulties (HRD) were compared to 124 university students without a history of reading difficulties on measures of word and nonword reading rate, text reading rate and comprehension, and question answering times. Results showed that students with HRD demonstrated slower word, nonword, and text reading rates than their peers, but had comparable reading comprehension scores. Results also showed that students with HRD took longer to answer specific types of questions even when reading rate was controlled. Specifically, when word reading rate was controlled, students with HRD took longer to answer vocabulary, literal, inferential, and background knowledge questions. When text reading rate was controlled, they still took longer to answer literal, inferential, and background knowledge questions. These results suggest that students with a history of reading difficulties require extra time to complete reading comprehension measures for reasons other than just slower word and text reading rate. Findings of this study have implications for supporting university students with a history of reading difficulties.     

Effect of delay on search decisions in a task-oriented reading environment

The goal of this study was to determine the effect of setting a delay between reading a text and answering comprehension questions on when-to-search and what-to-search decisions in a task-oriented reading environment. Fifty-five eighth-grade students were randomly divided into two groups. One group read one text, answered comprehension questions regarding the text with the text available, and subsequently repeated the procedure with a second text (immediate condition). The other group read both texts first and then answered, with the texts available, the questions for the first text and then for the second text (delayed condition). In both conditions, the readers’ actions during the task were recorded. The results demonstrated that the students in the delayed condition made more search decisions. In addition, moderated mediation analyses indicated that setting a delay had a positive indirect effect on performance via increased searching only for the students with average and high comprehension skills. Moreover, decisions regarding what information to search for depended exclusively on comprehension skill. Instructional implications are discussed.