基于就业导向的高职学生职业能力培养

文章分析了高职学生职业能力培养存在的问题,提出了高职学生职业能力培养的对策:转变观念,明确就业导向下高职学生职业能力培养目标;科学制订人才培养方案,加强教育教学改革;整合课堂内外资源,多渠道培养学生职业能力;加强就业教育,提升学生求职能力;积极探索,建立科学合理的职业能力评价反馈机制。     

硕士毕业生求职行为与就业结果关系分析

基于研究型大学S大学的实证调研,收集了806名硕士研究生有效样本,运用均值比较、F检验和回归分析法,从资源动员与行为时间视角,探讨了求职行为与就业结果的关系。研究发现:学校资源是硕士生使用最多的求职资源;求职行为时间开始越早,学校社会资源使用越多,越有利于硕士生实现就业。     

P-CMM在学生职业能力成熟度研究中的应用

通过培养学生的职业能力进而推动其从容面对自己的职业生涯是应用型大学责无旁贷的使命。文章以P-CMM人力资源能力成熟度模型的核心思想为指引,以学生的职业面向为驱动,以目标就业职位的胜任力要求为导向,创建了学生职业能力成熟度模型,阐述了其能力层级、过程域、目标等构成要素的具体内涵,并呈现了其测量与优化功能的应用价值。     

基于职业能力培养的教育体系思考

高等职业技术教育的目标是培养高等技术应用性人才,其必须"具有必要的理论知识和较强的能力".本文通过多方调研,指出高职院学生的教育应注重专业能力、职业素养、社交能力三方面的培养.并指出培养学生的职业能力应从改革教学方法、增强普适性能力的教学、充分运用行动导向教学方法培养关键能力、通过加强人文科学教育来培养职业素养、建立基于基于职业生涯发展理论的就业指导体系等几方面入手.     

提高大学生就业能力的实践探索

一、大学生就业能力缺乏的具体表现大学生就业能力是一种与职业相关的综合能力,是大学生在校期间通过学习和实践获得工作的能力。从各大学普遍存在的情况看,大学生的就业能力严重缺失,主要表现为缺乏主动的就业意识和未来意识,就业目标不明确;缺乏职业生涯规划意识和就业培训;专业理论基础知识不厚实,理论联系实践的能力差;对工作经验和实践能力的重视不够;求职能力和求职技巧差;心理素质差,     

就业导向视角下高职学生学习特点调查——以厦门海洋职业技术学院为例

从就业导向目标出发设计问卷,对厦门海洋职业技术学院学生进行访谈与调查．总结分析高职学生学习特点。研究结果表明,课堂学习方面,学生的学习热情不高,主动性不强;学习动力来源就业导向性明显;课余时间较重视求职技能的锻炼。专业学习方面,多数学生专业兴趣一般;普遍认为课程设置不够合理,课程内容大多“以掌握知识为主”,而非“以培养技能为主”;“专业课程设置与社会需求”结合度也不够高;对本专业的就业方向不够明确,重视“考证”和就业能力的提高。     

基于PLM系列软件的机械类课程教学改革与实践

针对近年来高校毕业生的就业困难问题,在充分了解相关行业用人需求以及现阶段学生的学习状况、能力水平和求职预期的基础上,以市场为导向,以提高学生的竞争能力和就业水平为目的,立足于自身办学条件,摸索出一套适合我校机械类专业的教学方法。强调学以致用,紧紧围绕学生兴趣、教师教学积极性和职业规划等,展开教学活动,课堂教学中及早注入“职业规划”的理念。以PLM类系列软件的教学和训练为主要手段,以近期的典型工程案例为教学内容,引导学生进行初步的工程设计进而完成实物的制作,借以培养学生兴趣并强化其“职业意识”,帮助学生逐步确立职业目标并最终实现其职业理想,在一定程度上缓解了学校的就业压力,实现了教学目标。     

英国谢菲尔德哈勒姆大学企业教学与学习主管西蒙·布朗谈提升大学生就业能力

有一句话我非常认同：被雇用仍会有就业风险,拥有就业能力才会拥有就业保障。我们认为,大学的学生就业工作不是简单地通过毕业生的求职培训、举办招聘会让其实现就业,更重要的是让学生具备终身受益的就业能力。在谢菲尔德哈勒姆大学,关于就业能力的内涵,就是“让学生具备相应的知识、个人职业素养,并且鼓励帮助他们实现自己的想法,这些想法的实现将在他们未来的职业与就业中发挥重要作用”。     

大学生就业中的“马太效应”分析

"马太效应"的寓意是贫者越贫,富者越富。"马太效应"在大学生就业现象中也同样存在。这与大学生拥有的资源有关。拥有的资源越多就越有可能获得成功,最终成为"赢家"。拥有丰富的资源意味着拥有更强的抗风险能力,也意味着拥有更加优势的地位和更强大的潜力。大学生就业中体现的优势资源是什么?应具备怎样的资源才能"富者越富",以获取更多的就业机会和成功机会,并使职业可持续发展。本文从"马太效应"现象分析,归纳为职业目标、职业能力和职业素质三方面必须具备的资源。     

以就业为向导,提高高职学生的职业能力

实现高职就业目标的关键是加强学生职业能力的培养,班主任进行全程就业指导,可以激发他们的学习主动性,提高学生的职业能力;个性化就业指导,帮助学生尽早制定自己的职业规划,明确学习目标,把就业为导向培养学生的职业能力落到实处。     

University reputation and undergraduates’ self-perceived employability: mediating influence of experiential learning activities

ABSTRACT

Stratification, in the form of silent exclusion that is experienced by some groups of students because of the perceived low reputation of the university attended, and which the students have no control over, has been observed as a social menace that works against the concept of equity in education. To address this problem, a need exists for universities with lower reputations to go the extra mile to develop the employability skills of their students, which, in turn, will enhance their self-perception of employability. The major objective of this study was to investigate the influence of experiential learning activities on the relationship between university reputation and self-perceived employability among undergraduates in South African universities. Data were collected by means of an adapted questionnaire from 402 respondents drawn from two universities in the same province in South Africa. To achieve our objective, four hypotheses were formulated and tested through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS 25. The findings show that both direct and indirect effects of university reputation on undergraduates’ perceived employability through experiential learning activities are positively significant. To minimise the negative effects that universities with low reputations are likely to have on undergraduates’ acquisition of experiential learning, on their self-perceived employability, and subsequently on their employment prospects, the government, the Department of Higher Education and universities (particularly, the low-rated ones in South Africa) need to put in place some timely interventions, some of which are suggested in the study.     

大学生领悟社会支持和自杀态度的关系

目的了解大学生的自杀态度,探讨领悟社会支持与自杀态度的关系,以便为大学生心理健康教育和自杀预防提供依据。方法采用自杀态度问卷（SAQ）和领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）对320名大学本科生进行调查。结果（1）大学生对自杀持矛盾或中立的态度,不同性别、不同地区、不同专业和是否为独生子女的大学生自杀态度和领悟社会支持各维度的差异均不显著;（2）不同家庭关系的学生在对自杀者的态度、自杀者家属的态度、安乐死的态度上存在差异,在家内支持和家外支持上存在显著差异;（3）单亲大学生与非单亲大学生在对安乐死的态度、家内支持、家外支持上存在差异;（4）大学生领悟社会支持与自杀态度密切相关,领悟社会支持各因子与自杀态度各因子都存在极其显著的相关。     

培养外经贸高职生职业素养 提高就业竞争力

高等职业教育的人才培养目标是为社会培养高素质的专业技能型人才,相对本科教育,高职院校所培养人才的职业指向性更为明确具体。为此,高职教育对专业课程中关于实际操作训练内容的教学改革不断探索,效果显著。但值得注意的是,高素质专业技能型人才的职业素养除专业知识和技术操作能力素养外,还包含非专业技术能力的构成因素。相对于工科而言,外经贸高职生的就业竞争力在更大程度上取决于非专业技术的能力因素。根据对外经贸职业的岗位分析和教学研究,结合企业人才聘用工作的考察体验,非专业技术职业素养及其培养在提高外经贸高职生就业竞争力方面有着重要意义。     

‘Get Foot in the Door’: International Students’ Perceptions of Work Integrated Learning

Work-integrated learning (WIL) is regarded as an important vehicle to assist students’ development of relevant professional skills, knowledge and attributes that can enhance their employability. WIL arrangement for international students is a challenging issue for institutions, international students themselves as well as other related stakeholders. While there is an emerging body of literature that examines WIL for international students, how the value of WIL is perceived by this cohort is little known. This paper responds to this dearth of the literature by exploring the different meanings that international students in the vocational education and training sector attach to WIL. Using Bourdieu’s thinking tools of capitals and habitus to interpret interview data from 105 international students, this paper shows that WIL is seen to not only add value to student learning, career aspiration and employability but also transform and enhance their symbolic and social capitals. The paper underscores the instrumental, symbolic and developmental meanings that international students associate with WIL. In particular, it highlights the reciprocal relationship between students’ development of vocational ‘being’ and personal ‘being’ through WIL.     

Exploring the relationships between students' academic motivation and social ability in online learning environments

This research explicates the construct of social ability and describes the relationship between students' academic motivation and social ability in online learning environments. Findings reveal perceived peers social presence, perceived written communication skills, perceived instructor social presence, comfort with sharing personal information, and social navigation as the five factors that define social ability. In addition, the multivariate multiple regression analyses indicate that different motivational constructs vary in their relationships with the multiple social ability factors. Intrinsic goal orientation is related to perceived peers social presence. Self-efficacy explains the variance of perceived instructor social presence and comfort with sharing personal information. Task value is associated with social navigation and both perceived peers and instructor social presence. Additional studies are needed to replicate the current findings and further explicate social ability in online learning, to continue to improve the social ability instrument, and to examine the value of other academic motivation beliefs in predicting social ability as well as that of social ability in predicting learning outcomes.     

从社会参与视角谈高职素质教育

学生素质与其社会参与之间存在密切的联系,从学生社会参与角度探讨高职素质教育问题,符合高职素质教育的内涵和高职学生的特性,有助于拓展和完善高职素质教育,引导学生切实提升其素质。在指出高职素质教育现实不足的基础上,分析探讨了高职素质教育的内涵和价值取向,梳理社会参与对完善高职素质教育的意义,从社会参与角度提出一些完善高职素质教育的思路与举措。     

International experience and graduate employability: stakeholder perceptions on the connection

This paper reports the findings of an Australian qualitative study (N = 45) concerned with the way that employers, academics and students perceived connections between international experience and graduate employability. Drawing on the literature, the authors argue that increasing globalisation and internationalisation has heightened the need for graduates with the ability to operate in culturally diverse contexts. Universities have focussed upon exchange as part of internationalisation to prepare students for work but there is still limited literature on the nature of the relationship between international experience, more broadly and graduate employability. The findings suggest that all stakeholders identify clear connections between international experience and employability given outcomes associated with the forging of networks, opportunities for experiential learning, language acquisition and the development of soft skills related to cultural understandings, personal characteristics and ways of thinking.     

Perceived self-efficacy and social anxiety changes in high school students with learning disabilities (LD) during first year of secondary vocational education

This empirical study focused on high school students with a learning disability (LD), particularly adolescents undergoing training in secondary vocational study programmes. A total of 417 1st-year high school students were included in the survey, 105 of whom were LD students. Data on social anxiety and perceived social self-efficacy were collected at the beginning and end of the school year using the Social Self-Efficacy Scale and the LSAA Social Anxiety Scale. The results mostly relate to male students because the sample included 359 boys and 58 girls. In both the initial and final measurements, a significantly lower level of perceived social self-efficacy and a higher level of social anxiety were found in students with special needs compared to their peers. Perceived self-efficacy in LD students decreased significantly during the school year, while changes in social anxiety were not statistically significant. Results could indicate some difficulties in social integration of LD youths in vocational school classes. Thus, it would be desirable for schools to provide a more supportive and efficient learning environment for strengthening social integration of LD students in secondary vocational education.     

少数民族地区高职生社会比较与主观幸福感关系

采用爱荷华—荷兰比较倾向量表(INCOM)及中国城市居民主观幸福感量表简本(SWBS-CC20)对广西4所高职院校的493名学生进行调查,以探讨高职生社会比较与主观幸福感的关系。研究发现,少数民族地区高职生社会比较倾向处于中等偏上水平,他们倾向于进行能力比较;高职生主观幸福感较高,并与社会比较倾向及能力比较呈负相关。     

困境家庭大学生的歧视知觉、应对方式、社会适应性研究

研究采用量表法,就困境家庭中最具代表性的贫困家庭、家庭关系不利家庭、留守家庭经历大学生的歧视知觉、应对方式及适应性展开实证研究。结果表明:困境家庭大学生的歧视知觉整体上并不明显,其应对方式尚可,与普通家庭大学生无显著差异。社会适应整体状况尚可,只有留守经历大学生与普通家庭大学生在社会适应上有显著差异。分析了影响大学生成长的客观因素和保护性因素,提出全方位提升困境家庭学生保护性因素社会支持各维度水平、针对性地提供教育内容和形式、帮助学生形成正确认知的教育对策。