具有高职特色的毕业实习与毕业设计 --海大理工学院在实践教学活动中的探索

加强实践教学是实现高职教育培养目标的关键性措施.合理安排和组织毕业实习与毕业设计有利于学生职业素质、思想认识的提高,丰富学生的专业知识,锻炼和培养学生的专来技能和综合能力,同时可提高学生的就业签约率,有利于深化专业教学改革.     

关于高等职业教育产学研结合的思考

产学研结合是高等职业教育人才培养最重要的途径之一。高等职业教育的产学研结合虽然已经取得了一定成绩．但在具体实施中还很不平衡。从层次结构上还有浅、中、深之分,在范围上还有点、面之别。解决这些问题。需要调动政府、用人单位、学校、学生四方面的积极性。     

开放教育毕业论文答辩的实践与思考

开放教育毕业论文答辩工作,是人才培养模式改革的要求,是开放教育教学全过程的重要组成部分,是集中实践教学的最后一个环节。文章结合实践,从论文答辩的目的意义、组织要求和答辩程序等几个方面提出了自己的见解。     

Competency discourses: an analysis of secondary and tertiary assessments

Analysis of a sample of assessment tasks used in New Zealand first-year clinical and final-year secondary school Biology and Chemistry National Certificate of Educational Achievement summative assessments was conducted to assess whether similarities and differences existed in secondary and tertiary competency discourses. Findings suggested significant differences in language-in-use, especially in the psychomotor and affective domains of learning, reflecting different themes and ideologies. The suggested implication was a lack of preparedness for tertiary clinical learning that focuses on performance-based assessment of the affective and psychomotor domains.     

大学本科教育类型结构改革探析

文章通过分析我国高等教育所处的生态环境和本科教育类型结构调整的必要性,提出了科学定位、分类发展、发展应用型本科教育,形成多元化本科教育体系的改革思路。     

解决好办学经费问题 促进高等教育持续健康发展——以加拿大高等教育发展为例

经费短缺是目前制约我国高等教育持续发展的一个突出问题。文章借鉴加拿大解决高等教育发展经费问题的做法和经验，提出了解决我国高等教育发展经费问题的思路和措施：一是大幅度增加财政投入；二是从现阶段的国情出发创新收费机制；三是完善有关政策，鼓励社会捐赠；四是高等院校自身广开增收渠道。     

The great neoliberal hijack of collaboration: a critical history of group-based learning in tertiary education

ABSTRACT

This article examines the teaching of collaboration within tertiary education, critiquing the hegemony of a neoliberal mandate. This review of academic literature first identifies the significance of social capital and an intrinsic motivation to collaborate, to theorize how an important and complex graduate attribute (termed here ‘collaborative dexterity’) might be approached by pedagogy. This leads into a historical analysis of research into higher education, revealing how the instrumentalization of collaboration to enhance the private advantage of learners continues to pervade academia’s understanding of collaboration. As higher education transitioned from learning ‘through’ collaboration to learning ‘to’ collaborate, extrinsic motivations for collaboration were promoted further through assessment procedures, maintaining a narrow economic-exchange approach to collaboration. These educational practices inhibit the development of collaborative dispositions, foster self-interest and ultimately limit graduates’ preparation for the needs of collaborative work environments. Moreover, while educational scholarship has extensively explored why collaboration is important and how it may be assessed, much less consideration has been given to how collaboration might actually be taught within diverse disciplinary areas in tertiary education. This suggests an urgent need for further research into how collaboration is taught within tertiary education, in ways that extend beyond a neoliberal conceptualization of collaboration.     

A comparison of career success between graduates of vocational and academic tertiary education

This paper analyses whether tertiary education of different types, i.e., academic or vocational tertiary education, leads to more or less favourable labour market outcomes. We study the problem for Switzerland, where more than two thirds of the workforce gain vocational secondary degrees and a substantial number go on to a vocational tertiary degree but only a small share gain an academic tertiary degree. As outcome variables, we examine the risk of being unemployed, monthly earnings, and variation in earnings (reflecting financial risk). We study these outcomes at career entry and later stages. Our empirical results reveal that the type of tertiary education has various effects on these outcomes. At career entry, we observe equal unemployment risk but higher average wages and lower financial risk for vocational graduates. At later career stages, we find that these higher average wages disappear and risk of unemployment becomes lower for vocational graduates. Thus, by differentiating the tertiary system into vocational and academic institutions graduates face a variety of valuable options allowing them to self-select into an educational type that best matches their individual preferences.     

Identifying facilitating factors and barriers to improving student retention rates in tertiary teaching courses: a systematic review

Factors which impact student retention in tertiary level teaching courses are complex. This study examined facilitating factors and barriers to student retention for students studying education. Due to a limited number of studies, the search was extended to factors impacting students undertaking tertiary education. A systematic review was undertaken using databases such as, ‘Ebscohost’, ‘PsycARTICLES’, ‘Academic One File’, in addition to the University of Melbourne’s ‘Discovery Search’, which resulted in 34 studies meeting the eligibility criteria. The identified factors were first allocated to one of three categories that was identified in previous research as influential on student retention: situational, dispositional, and institutional factors. These three factors were then extended to include sub-factors to more fully define the model of facilitating factors and barriers identified through the systematic review.     

UK university part-time higher education: a corpus-assisted discourse analysis of undergraduate prospectuses

ABSTRACT

In the UK, higher education (HE) policy discourse over the past 60 years has advocated flexible part-time HE for social mobility, personal development, economic advantage and leisure. However, part-time undergraduate HE in the UK is in steep decline. Against this backdrop, we were interested in how universities promote, or fail to promote, part-time study options today. We built a corpus of 90 UK undergraduate prospectuses for 2018 entry (5,673,799 words). Using a corpus-assisted discourse analysis approach, we found significant mismatch between policy discourse and marketing discourse regarding part-time study. In particular, we found that UK university marketing discourse positions full-time study as the dominant mode of study and writes of part-time study as ‘second-best’. This discourse mismatch is particularly marked when it comes to the elite Russell Group of universities. Viewing the absence of strong promotional discourse relating to part-time study alongside other factors such as increased tuition fees and the rise of global online education platforms adds a new perspective to the decline of flexible part-time undergraduate HE at campus-based universities in the UK.     

Fair access to higher education and discourses of development: a policy analysis from Indonesia

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between fair access policies and discourses of development through a policy analysis of higher education reform in post-authoritarian Indonesia (1998–present). The method was document analysis of five laws/regulations, using the criteria of accessibility, availability, and horizontality to identify the extent of fair access for students from (1) lower socioeconomic backgrounds and (2) under-developed regions of the archipelago. The analysis demonstrates how neoliberal, human capital, inclusive development and Pancasila discourses have been called upon in the making and un-making of a higher education market, with ultimately favourable outcomes for the fair access agenda.     

History education in comprehensive schools: using school-level data to interpret national patterns

This paper reports the findings from two large-scale national online surveys carried out in 2009 and 2010, which explored the state of history teaching in English secondary schools. Large variation in provision was identified within comprehensive schools in response to national policy decisions and initiatives. Using the data from the surveys and school-level data that are publicly available, this study examines situated factors, particularly the nature of the school intake, the numbers of pupils with special educational needs and the socio-economic status of the area surrounding the school, and the impact these have on the provision of history education. The findings show that there is a growing divide between those students that have access to the ‘powerful knowledge' provided by subjects like history, and those that do not.     

Political preferences and public funding of tertiary education during the economic crisis

This article analyses how political preferences, which are co-determined by the beliefs of decision-makers and influences of interest groups and the general public, affect the decisions to maintain or cut public funding for tertiary education during the economic crisis. Our sample included 29 European countries which we divided into two groups depending on the level of public funding for tertiary education before the crisis, which we used as a measure of revealed political preferences. We then observed the differences in changes in public tertiary education funding during the crisis between these two groups of countries using five different indicators. Three of the five indicators show that countries with a stronger political preference for tertiary education public funding cut their spending on tertiary education to a lesser extent (or even increased spending) during the economic crisis.     

中国高等教育管理体制改革的政策分析

二十多年来我国关于高等教育管理体制改革的重要政策,多有创新之处,不乏理论意义,但也存在目标偏移、对象模糊、主体缺位、路径不明等弱点。高等教育管理体制改革的核心目标应坚定不移地定位于转变政府管理职能,理顺政府与高校的关系。为此,改革政策的重新设计势所必然。     

The policy implications of the global flow of tertiary students: a social network analysis

In 2016, approximately 5 million students, about 2% of global tertiary enrolments, studied abroad. As globalisation of education advances, tertiary student mobility is an important channel through which highly skilled immigrants arrive and work in different nation states. Informed by the multidisciplinary internationalisation frameworks, this study applies social network analysis techniques to the UNESCO data, to explore and compare the international tertiary student mobility networks in 1999 and in 2012. Based on the network visualisation and statistical analyses, this research emphasises that an individual country’s economic and political power and geographic location are increasingly significant in determining its position in the network. Compared to the 1999 networks, the developing world has played a more important role in the networks by becoming the new destination for study and sending out more students. Yet it is still the economically leading nations that serve as the critical bridges connecting the less developed countries/regions to the world. Underneath the seemingly balanced development, the developing nations might be in a more disadvantaged and peripheral position in 2012. This study is concluded with a discussion of the brain drain issue and how various nation states confront it in light of the global flow of tertiary students.     

Reality versus perception: Restructuring tertiary education and institutional organisational change – a case study

The purpose of this study was toinvestigate the outcome of restructuring thetertiary system in New South Wales, Australiafive years after its announcement in the late1980s. It was hoped that lessons could belearned to assist policy makers in Nova Scotia,Canada in their attempt to restructure highereducation. Twenty-four senior administratorswere interviewed to collect data on `why' and`how' decisions were made in response to avoluntary restructuring policy. Qualitativedata analysis revealed that (1) voluntaryamalgamations and federations take place whentertiary institutions fear governments willmandate restructuring; (2) restructuring oldestablished institutions is more difficult; (3)personal ambitions of leaders negotiatingmergers play an important role; (4) loosefederations are likely to become morebureaucratic and less efficient; (5)organisational change and development arepoorly understood by senior administrators.To achieve organisational change, more than onefactor must be present. Congruence betweenthese factors is critical to achieve desiredoutcomes. The data inferred that there is arelationship between leadership, restructuring,managing staff relations, organisationaldevelopment, external pressure for change, andorganisational change. To illustrate thisrelationship, the `primary triad model' wascreated suggesting a holistic approach toachieving desired outcomes. Otherwise,organisational change may be perception ratherthan reality.     

弱势教育部门“国民待遇”问题的政策研究

我国政府对弱势教育部门具有公共产品政策情怀,而公众则对弱势教育产品持有私人物品消费立场,两者的冲突构成弱势教育部门市场竞争能力障碍,损害了弱势教育部门的发展机遇与社会公正。政府有责任在提高教育资源配置效率的同时,消除双重政策,平衡国家利益、部门利益与私人利益,为弱势教育部门提供公平保护,促进教育系统安全运行与社会协调发展。     

高等教育的发展与政策创新

高等教育的发展与教育政策的创新有着深刻的联系。 2 0世纪 70年代末以来 ,我国高等教育的发展紧紧依托政策创新而不断向前推进。其中 ,恢复高考、体制改革和启动大众化的步伐是高等教育政策创新的突出表现。新世纪初叶我国高等教育在朝着实现大众化的方向前进 ,这种发展对于教育政策的创新有着更深切的需求。为此 ,必须进一步加强对高等教育的政策研究 ,进一步加强高等教育的政策法规建设     

创新教育在电路分析教学中的应用研究

针对电路分析课程理论抽象的特点,把创新教育思想引入到课程改革中。从提高学生的学习兴趣出发,通过典型的实例分析,让学生真正意识到学习这门课程的乐趣和实用性。通过改革教学内容和教学方法,增加师生互动和生生互动,达到改善教学效果的目的。通过计算机软件仿真实例及开展第二课堂活动,增强学生的实践动手能力和创新精神。     

论教育创新与教育改革

关于教育创新的研究是教育科学的一个重要研究领域。时代背景和教育自身规律决定了教育创新在教育改革和发展过程中有着重要的意义和价值。教育改革和教育创新这两个概念的逻辑关系是相互交叉、部分重叠的。在新形势下,我们应当以一种教育创新和教育改革良性互动的辩证思维来思考教育改革问题,推动教育改革在一些陷入僵局的问题上摆脱目前的困境。