Promoting Clean Technology Through the Use of Multimedia Learning Material in Environmental Engineering

Since the UNCED Conference in Rio de Janeiro, 1992, it has been realized that cleaning up the environment requires a consolidated effort on the part of engineers and technologists to adhere to codes of clean technology. Future engineers should be educated to be well aware of the impact of anthropogenic action and technology in a changing environment. The greenhouse effect, the ozone layer, global warming and hazardous waste will be influenced to a great extent by future engineers and technologists who are the future managers of the planet. This is why UNESCO's multimedia learning materials in engineering for the education of engineers in promotion of clean technology are crucial at this time.     

实验室是工程技术的基础

阐述了实验室在技术创新中的重要性;用二个例子说明实验室是许多著名科学家和工程师们至关重要的、施展才能的基地。特别强调了自制实验仪器设备和改善实验室技术人员现有状况的重要意义。     

A Strategic Model for Technical Talent Management: A Model Based on a Qualitative Case Study

One critical challenge for organizations today is building and sustaining a strong talent pipeline through effective management of human assets. Talent management focuses on developing talent that is strategically important for an organization's future. Research in talent management typically focuses on managerial or leadership talents, yet there are other important career tracks within an organization. Although preparing employees for promotion into management remains critically important, technical expertise such as engineering is often the key competitive advantage in the global knowledge economy. Research has repeatedly emphasized that technical workers look for different things. But most of the studies concerning technical talent management focus on the management of technical professionals and experts in isolation. This study was undertaken to address unique problems in attracting, developing, retaining, and transferring the knowledge of engineers, whose abilities are critical in a knowledge or innovation economy. Through in‐depth interviews with selected best practice companies on how they operate their technical talent management system and programs, the study examined shared characteristics of selected organizations with programs geared to engineers. The results are summarized in a systematic model that describes common elements of effective technical talent management programs.     

Which Techno-mathematical Literacies Are Essential for Future Engineers?

Due to increased use of technology, the workplace practices of engineers have changed. So-called techno-mathematical literacies (TmL) are necessary for engineers of the 21st century. Because it is still unknown which TmL engineers actually use in their professional practices, the purpose of this study was to identify these TmL. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with engineers with a background in different educational tracks in higher professional education (e.g. civil, chemical, biotechnical and mechanical engineering). As a result of the data analysis, 7 commonly used TmL are identified: data literacy, technical software skills, technical communication skills, sense of error, sense of number, technical creativity and technical drawing skills. Engineers also noted a discrepancy between their education and workplace needs; they characterized mathematics in their education as an island with limited relevance. These findings lead to recommendations for the future of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in higher technical professional education that can help students learn STEM for the future.     

基于设计思维的技术教育STEM整合课程研究--以“设计更好的学校”课程为例

设计是技术教育中不可忽略的关键要素之一,设计思维可为各个领域的创新工作提供策略与方法上的指导。基于此,文章首先分析了技术教育中开展基于设计思维的STEM整合课程的机遇和必要性;接着,文章以“设计”为核心理念,提出了技术教育STEM整合课程的设计理念,并以此为指导,构建了基于设计思维的技术教育STEM整合课程框架;随后,文章以“设计更好的学校”课程为例,进行了框架的实践应用;最后,文章就未来技术教育的发展提出了建议。基于设计思维的STEM整合课程将技术与数学、科学、工程进行整合,让学生基于真实的设计挑战开展实践,有助于培养学生的批判性思维、问题解决能力和创新能力。     

Research on technology and teacher education: Current status and future directions

Within the context of a brief history of information technology in teacher education (ITTE), current research on ITTE is reviewed. It is argued that ITTE research can be categorized into three paradigms: empirical, critical, and interpretive. The need for a clear, multi-paradigmatic approach for future work is emphasized. Examples of exemplary work are cited. Conclusions suggest needs for more sharing of information of “islands of excellence” in work on technology in teacher education, more case studies on diffusion of innovation, more emphasis on bias-related findings from critical theory, and more development and dissemination of resources and tools for using technology effectively in teacher education. Recommendations for further work in the area also include emphasizing instructional design (ID) work to create innovations and recognizing the need for grounded, reflective papers on innovative approaches that have been implemented and studied over several years.     

The renaissance engineer: educating engineers in a post-9/11 world * Presented at the SEFIrenze Conference, 11 September 2002, Florence,Italy.

Technology that fuels the economy and adds to the quality of life can also bring with it unexpected complexities. The events of 11 September bring into sharp relief some of the vulnerabilities that exist in the world, and also challenge us to re-examine the role of engineers in society. To date, the traditional responsibilities of the engineering communities in preventing future catastrophes have been defined purely in terms of technological advances. However, it is clear that engineering must go beyond pure technology to consider also the causes of vulnerabilities and examine if and how engineering can address matters that are often embedded in the social and economic fabric of society. Moreover, engineers must go beyond being technical experts who understand and consider social, financial and political factors in their work, and become leaders in all arenas of society. These expectations call for renaissance engineers and the need for a renaissance in engineering education. Recommendations to cultivate a new generation of renaissance engineers centre on recognition of individual talent and customizing education accordingly.     

Value creation in the engineering enterprise: an educational perspective

ABSTRACT

This position paper sets out to examine value creation in the engineering enterprise, a process that has mostly been associated with innovation and entrepreneurs. An analysis of the literature on engineering value creation in business studies, engineering and engineering education publications shows that there has been surprisingly little empirical study and thus the means by which most engineers contribute value is unclear in the literature. Analysis of published data and data from studies by the authors in engineering workplaces in Australia, South East Asia and Portugal suggests that the work performed by most engineers has little to do with innovation. Based on these data the authors identify 14 ways in which engineers create value. An important finding is that routine engineering performances by a majority of engineers, not associated with innovation or entrepreneurial activities, not only can be shown to create value, but also to protect accumulated value from inadvertent destruction. The paper outlines the educational implications of these findings and proposes measures that engineering educators can adopt to improve the understanding of engineering graduates about engineering value creation.     

A renaissance in engineering PhD education

This paper addresses the role of engineering PhD education and its relationship to innovation and technology, and the need to reconsider how we educate PhD engineers. Much of the effort on engineering education in the last two decades focused on undergraduate education with a few exceptions that relate to masterdegree programs. Doctoral education in engineering prepares the next generation faculty, researchers, and technology leaders and warrants our attention. Whilst current education has been largely responsible for technological advances, there is a need for a new model of engineering PhD education that prepares renaissance engineers. This paper focuses on the doctoral education and its role in the USA; however, the issues addressed are universal among the countries that offer PhD degrees in engineering.     

数据赋能工程教育转型:欧洲数字化战略报告分析

数字化转型趋势下,欧洲正经受传统工业文化传承与创新双重挑战.近年来,随着"工业4.0"的提出和计划实施,为破解传统工业数字化转型带来的数字工程师短缺问题,欧盟及欧洲各国相继出台数字化战略.相关报告提出通过统一数字化能力标准、创新数字化学徒计划及培育数字化教育生态,构建工程师全覆盖的数字教育体系,培养具备数字化能力的工程...     

未来教师的工作创新、跨界与重塑

人工智能已成为全球引领教育变革创新的战略性技术,如何推动教师主动探索应用人工智能等新技术进行自适应教育,成为当前的研究热点。教师作为未来教育教学工作创新主体,既要发挥基于人工智能协作的创新意识,更要面对AI环境的创造力培养,必须与来自不同领域的专家学者进行多元交互,积极跨界,重塑自身的工作态度、角色和工作效能。面对发展迅猛的复杂技术,以及人机协同共存、共融、共生发展的真实需求,未来教师应转变和提升对智能技术的应用意识与能力,从而获得更高的发展动力,体现自我价值。     

GiveMe Shelter: a people-centred design process for promoting independent inquiry-led learning in engineering

It has become increasingly common for tasks traditionally carried out by engineers to be undertaken by technicians and technologist with access to sophisticated computers and software that can often perform complex calculations that were previously the responsibility of engineers. Not surprisingly, this development raises serious questions about the future role of engineers and the education needed to address these changes in technology as well as emerging priorities from societal to environmental challenges. In response to these challenges, a new design module was created for undergraduate engineering students to design and build temporary shelters for a wide variety of end users from refugees, to the homeless and children. Even though the module provided guidance on principles of design thinking and methods for observing users needs through field studies, the students found it difficult to respond to needs of specific end users but instead focused more on purely technical issues.     

On mathematics teaching for future engineers—in the digital era

Current changes, especially the wide application of information technology, in all fields of our life, mean that mathematical knowledge becomes necessary in almost every domain. It implies new expectations for mathematical education. An urgent need of a new mathematical literacy for all—also a new mathematical literacy for engineers—is evident. It is necessary to consider a process of mathematics learning at tertiary level from the epistemological perspective and to investigate students’ ways of mathematical thinking. This epistemological knowledge is especially indispensable when students use information technology. In this article current requirements regarding mathematical education are discussed, especially those for future engineers. Analysis of examples of learning elementary statistics, using graphing calculators as supporting tools, leads to the formulation of essential aims for mathematics educators concerning mathematics teaching for future engineers.     

大学生科技创新活动与大工程观的培养

大学生科技创新活动是培养学生创新精神和创新能力、工程设计和实践能力的重要平台。在分析大学生科技创新活动的内涵和现状、大工程观和大学生科技创新活动内在联系的基础上,提出用大工程观指导大学生科技创新活动,建议在大学生科技创新活动中加强工科学生人文素质的培养和引进＂产学研＂合作,培养具有大工程观的卓越工程师。     

Online engineering education for manufacturing technology: Is a remote experiment a suitable tool to teach competences for “Working 4.0”?

The demands of modern industry contexts (so‐called Industry 4.0) are going to reshape the working world of future engineers. It seems obvious that these technological developments will affect higher education institutions with increasing intensity. For years, there has been a vivid discussion on the IT competences, which need to be developed by students in order to face emerging technology changes. To tackle the question regarding industry expectations towards future engineers, in this article a remote laboratory at a German university is analysed to identify potentials for future‐oriented teaching and learning in the light of the required competences for “Working 4.0”. Current scientific studies and industry agendas about Working 4.0 competences are identified, connected learning objectives are derived and the focused remote laboratory is linked to these objectives. As a result, it can be shown that this educational setting has the potential to reflect the complexity of Working 4.0. However, the results also show that the examined laboratory addresses only some of the competences in the context of Industry 4.0. Furthermore, it is argued in how far industry demands serve as the only basis for educational development efforts. The scientific studies and the industry agenda offer a limited and more political perspective on educational development. Nevertheless, based on the research in this article, it can be argued that remote labs (and online labs in general) have the potential to lift traditional laboratory‐based engineering education to a modern engineering education 4.0.     

卓越工程师背景下独立学院学生的研究性学习研究

目前我国高等教育提出了"卓越工程师"人才培养新机制,旨在提升学生的工程素养、工程实践能力、工程设计能力和工程创新能力。独立学院的专业设置主要面向地方和区域社会、经济发展的需要,学生在培养的过程中应以地方实际工程为背景、工程需求为导向。现代信息技术的发展为人们提供了先进的教学技术和丰富的学习资源,因此利用现代信息技术在独立学院教学过程中实施研究性学习,能够调动学生学习的主观能动性,使培养的学生兼具"应用型人才"和"卓越工程师"的特质,由此独立学院才能可持续发展,学生才能在社会竞争中立于不败之地。     

A Complex Case: Using the case study method to explore uncertainty and ambiguity in undergraduate business education

The case method is a definitive and foundational technology in business education. It was first developed as a vocational training tool equipping students for future employment. In this conception, the organisation was seen as a machine, and managers as the engineers who would maintain it through planned interventions. The case method allowed aspiring managers to practise intervention skills in a safe environment. Since the origins of the case method in US business schools before the First World War, conceptions of organisations have moved on. They are no longer seen as machine-like, but as complex, ambiguous, and protean. The 'wicked' problems that potential managers will face in an uncertain world require the development of critical thinking and sensemaking abilities. While the traditional approach to the case continues, its use as a vehicle to explore and manage complexity and ambiguity is emerging, although this is facing resistance from some students and staff.     

工科类专业的学生应掌握一些会计知识

从我国资源短缺状况、成本领先战略与历史经验,论证了在大力推进技术创新的前提下,工程技术人员树立成本效益的观念,能从研发设计的源头降低产品成本、提高企业效益.广泛的社会调查验证了工程技术人员应掌握相关的会计知识.工科专业学习一些设计成本控制、设计增值的知识,有助于培养学生跨学科的思考、工作能力.     

“未来工程师”能力的集中培养大平台建设

高等工科学校作为培养"未来工程师"的摇篮,责无旁贷,应调动一切力量来着力建设"未来工程师"的能力培养平台.作为可以对"未来工程师"的综合能力进行集中培养的大平台--工程训练中心,更应厉行改革、加强自身建设,以切实提高工程教育质量,从而满足国家发展的需要.     

L'Ingénieur et PEurope: une longue histoire

Two ancient traditions in Europe once dominated the engineering profession: the first guided the nomadic engineer who travelled freely from country to country and practised in various fields of scientific lore, the other pertained to the engineer who confined his activity to one geographical region and one specialty. Over the years, one or the other tradition dominated the development of science. During the Middle Ages and the Renaissance engineers were general practitioners offering their services to various and sundry noblemen. They supplied the needs of the period for innovation in the production of goods. With the advent of the modern state, engineers joined the technical services of royal governments and gradually specialised their activities. A new golden age appeared with the industrial revolution. Engineers led the way in developing mechanical production and building the modem world. But with the coming of sophisticated technology engineers were transformed into specialists in the service of applied science. Engineers were no longer considered the counsellors of ruling powers, but in most cases became ordinary employees and consequently victims of the great depression of the 1930s. Today, in building a unified Europe, engineers are attempting to develop a new image for themselves, and to prepare the profession for the future.