从全球化视角看高等教育管理

全球化的教育市场里存在相当多的竞争，这可从高等教育提供者不断增多的数量得到证实。信息和通讯技术的迅速发展导致高等教育发生重大转变，呈现全球化、虚拟化、无国界三种趋向。美国、英国、澳大利亚等国家对“无国界教育产业”开展广泛的研究，这三个趋向在课程、教学、管理等许多教育领域有着深刻的影响。     

海外培训课程与大学的国际化

信息技术和通信技术的快速发展，全球化市场和知识经济的兴起以及史无前例的全球化人才流动促使世界向着全球化的方向加速发展。在全球化的大潮中，大学的国际化已经成为大学自身发展的重要因素和社会对其认同和评价的标准之一。本文在分析大学国际化一般特征的基础上，重点阐述了海外培训课程与大学国际化的关系及其深远的影响，并阐述了海外培训课程质量控制与拓展的举措。     

Using Information and Communication Technologies to teach and learn mathematics in South African schools: A snapshot view of its impact

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become ubiquitous in most people’s lives. Yet, within the developing and emerging regions, there are still many who have not fully benefitted from ICTs. This article reports on a research project that focused on investigating the barriers, opportunities and impact that ICTs have on the teaching and learning of mathematics in South African schools. A quantitative research methodology in the form of a survey was used to assess South African mathematics teachers’ access to and use of ICTs and mobile technologies. A literature study revealed that there were universal barriers (i.e. lack of access to resources, time, effective training, confidence; resistance to change and negative attitudes; and no perception of benefits) and numerous opportunities for using ICTs in teaching and learning in general, and in subjects such as mathematics and science, in particular. The survey findings suggested increased deployment of ICT resources; introduction of more ICT training opportunities for teachers and students; and the firm adoption of ICT policies and directives within the education domain.     

Access and perceived ICT usability among students with disabilities attending higher education institutions

An increasing number of students with disabilities are attending higher education. These students might face various difficulties coping with academic skills and with learning methods compared to students without disabilities. Integrating information and communication technologies (ICTs) in academic studies may be effective and constructive for students with and without various disabilities, as ICTs can provide students with adaptive ways to compensate for disabilities and enable them to improve learning. The present study examined students’ knowledge of and accessibility to ICTs and it examined students’ perceptions of the ICTs used by professors teaching in a face-to-face traditional postsecondary educational institute (in Canada) and a distance/blended learning higher education institute (in Israel). The sample included 309 Canadian students and 963 Israeli students who completed questionnaires regarding ICT usage, accessibility, and perceived use by professors. Findings reveal that Israeli students reported higher use and greater accessibility of ICTs and they also reported higher use of ICTs by professors. For both groups of students – those with and without LD/ADHD - accessibility to ICTs was predicted by self-reported knowledge and use of ICTs, professors’ ICT use, gender and nationality. The study’s findings and its implications are likely to be important for promoting access to ICTs for students with and without disabilities in both the traditional higher education modality and in distance/ blended learning contexts.     

Measuring the Impact of ICTs on Academic Performance: Evidence From Higher Education in Tunisia

Measuring the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs) is a contemporary question of interest. Despite the general acceptance that ICTs are changing ways of learning, empirical research conducted to date does not consistently verify the efficacy of such changes. Several studies supporting positive impacts of ICTs on achievement relate mainly to developed countries. Focusing on tertiary education in Tunisia, this article attempts to highlight the gap in knowledge about the effects of ICT on education in developing countries by providing evidence from this region. Using survey data involving 377 college students and teachers, a multilevel analysis was conducted to measure the impact of ICT access and use with other student, university, and teacher attributes that may affect academic performance. The results provided evidence for a distinctive, though negative, effect of ICT on performance. These findings raise questions about the effectiveness of educational policies in Tunisia. The findings suggest also that overall university support is essential in increasing ICT learning impacts.     

Disappointment in teacher-student relationships

This paper discusses the reciprocal relationships among globalization, information and communication technologies (ICT), and the prospect of a ‘global village’. The current metaphor of a ‘global village’ (regardless of physical access to ICT) is problematic, and can be interpreted as a form of electronic colonization. However, through such concepts as blurred identity, nomadism, and hybridity, a distinctly (post‐modern) ICT landscape can be redrawn in a way that accepts the global identity of the ICT, but denies the colonial erasure associated with the global‐village narrative. ICT, in themselves, cannot serve as an end in education, but the demand for critical education involving ICT is pressing as the effects of globalization are experienced. Three methods of promoting decolonizing criticality are proposed: critical emotional literacy, collective witnessing, and collective intelligence.     

Virtual Universities: Current Models and Future Trends

The first section of this article examines the current models of "virtual universities" that provide various forms of distance education. Distance teaching at university level is offered, nowadays, through at least five major organizational models: single-mode distance teaching universities, dual- and mixed-mode universities, extension services, consortia-type ventures, and new technology-based universities. The article analyzes the merits of the new information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of each of these five models, as well as the problems associated with their implementation. The second section discusses future trends in the development of distance education in higher education systems and touches upon five domains: potential student constituencies, new roles for the academic faculty, new forms of knowledge generation and delivery, the restructuring of the organizational infrastructures of universities, and the impact of globalization on higher education markets. The conclusion highlights some of the major difficulties in the processes of implementing the new ICTs into various higher education systems and offers a few suggestions as to how to proceed in tackling major problems.     

"全球化"时代的高等教育国际化-历史与比较的视角

伴随着经济全球化 ,高等教育国际化呈现出新特点 ,主要包括∶高等教育国际化越来越受经济利益的驱动 ,并进入全球范围内竞争阶段。此外 ,其内容不仅包括人员交流 ,而且还包括课程国际化、跨国教育、建立区域性和全球性协作组织等。国际化主要在高等院校层次展开 ,院校成为实施主体。在许多领域 ,国际化已上升到特定区域范围内国家间的合作与交流 ,并开始扩大到全球范围 ,追求全球标准化 ,高等教育国际化趋于朝高等教育全球化方向发展     

Utilizing Information and Communication Technologies to Achieve Lifelong Education for All: A Case Study of Myanmar

This paper examines the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in advancing the cause of education for all and livelong learning. After examining the claimed benefits of ICTs for promoting education and schooling, and the characteristics of education and the basic education movement in Asia, the paper focuses on providing a case study of one country in South-East Asia, that of Myanmar, regarding the use of ICTs to achieve lifelong education for all. The paper reports on a research study being undertaken by the author which examines how ICTs are being harnessed to support educational needs in the formal education system in Myanmar, including basic education, teacher development, and in the higher education institutions under the Ministry of Education. The study focuses specifically on the applications of ICTs for increasing access and improving quality in the context of the Information Age. The research is based on a field survey and case studies of best practices and innovations in the applications of ICTs to education in the Myanmar education system. By identifying the conditions that must be addressed in making effective use of ICTs for learning and teaching, the results of this study provides much needed feedback to assist the Ministry of Education in Myanmar to operate most cost-effectively in this area. Although the paper specifically examines the situation regarding one particular country, lessons learnt from the experience of Myanmar have much to offer researchers, policy makers and practitioners regarding the applications of ICTs to education development in other parts of Asia, and indeed in other parts of the world. However, the extent to which the results of this research study are generalizable to other developing countries has yet to be ascertained, since this is beyond the scope of the study reported on in this paper.     

论高等教育全球化的指标体系

高等教育从国际化到全球化是一个过程,是一个渐进、量变的过程,更是一个量变引起质变的过程。高等教育由国际化演变为全球化的"度"可以从三个方面考察:一是高等教育从国际化到全球化的组织临界标准,即高等教育市场全球化指标;二是高等教育从国际化到全球化的留学生临界标准,即留学生市场全球化指标;三是高等教育认证从国际化到全球化的临界标准,即高等教育质量全球化指标。     

高等教育国际化背景下我国人才培养策略研究

高等教育国际化是世界高等教育发展的趋势之一，也是高等教育应对经济全球化的主要手段。教育是一项全局性、战略性和基础性工程，我们必须分析我国高等教育国际化面临的形势，分析现有人才培养模式中的问题，进一步加快我国高等教育改革步伐，找出适应高等教育国际化的人才培养模式，把我国高等教育置于整个经济国际化的大背景下，纳入世界教育改革大潮之中。     

新时期我国高等教育国际化面临的挑战及应对策略

我国现代高等教育自诞生至今便是一个逐步国际化的过程。在当今经济全球化及高等教育国际竞争日益剧烈的时代背景下,如何提高自身国际化水平,显得至关重要。在深刻理解高等教育国际化本质内涵与特征的基础上,理性面对当今我国高等教育国际化所遭遇的诸如发展水平不平衡、人才流失严重、商业化气息浓厚、学科竞争力薄弱、教育主权遭受弱化等挑战,从五个方面提出进一步加快我国高等教育国际化进程的应对策略:树立全球意识、培养国际化人才,加强制度建设、营造良好人才环境,深化国际交流与合作,加强学科建设、提高学科竞争力,完善我国高等教育国际化的管理体系。     

高等教育国际化的探讨

高等教育国际化已经成为世界经济一体化总趋势的一个重要方面 ,几乎所有发达国家都在努力促进其教育产业占据世界市场。作为知识经济时代最为重要的生产要素———掌握现代知识的人———的生产者的教育产业 ,其重要地位是无论怎样强调都不过分的。我们应当不遗余力地发展并推动高等教育产业的国际化 ,为我国现代化建设提供坚实的基础     

全球化背景下中国高等职业教育国际化发展道路选择

随着经济全球化进程的加剧,高等职业教育的国际化发展已经成为当前职业教育发展的必然趋势,如何结合我国高等职业教育实际,实现高等职业教育国际化是我国高等职业教育发展中不断研究的课题。通过对内对外双向交流,分享国内外先进的教育改革成果和经验,有助于探索如何建立符合我国自身特色基础的高等职业教育国际化道路。     

Rethinking the mission of internationalization of higher education in the Asia-Pacific region

This article adopts the critical theory approach to reflect and analyse the impacts of globalization on the internationalization process of higher education in the Asia-Pacific region. It argues that globalization forces many of the higher education institutions in the region to follow global practices and ideologies of the Anglo-American paradigm without developing their own unique systems and honouring the rich cultures of their own countries. While higher education institutions are indulging in internationalization in terms of marketization and economic pragmatism, they have to ask themselves, ‘What is missing in the process of internationalization?’ This article argues that internationalization of higher education contributes to building more than economically competitive and politically powerful states. It represents a commitment to the development of an internationalized curriculum where the pursuit of global citizenship, human harmony and a climate of global peace is of paramount importance.     

全球化背景下的泰国高等教育改革特点初探

在世界经济全球化进程中,亚太、东盟地区将发挥越来越重要的作用。作为东盟重要成员的泰国,在高等教育国际化进程方面,有诸多值得中国借鉴的地方。文章在简要概述泰国高等教育发展及现状的基础上,重点讨论了泰国高等教育改革近年来在国际化、与市场紧密结合等方面的特点,希望有助于促进中国与泰国高校的教育交流与合作。     

大学教育国际化与人才培养新趋势——环太平洋大学联盟国际化问题研究

大学教育国际化虽然不是一个新的话题，但是在经济全球化背景中，却出现了一些新的现象。这些现象表明目前的大学教育国际化与传统的大学教育国际化非常不同。比如，目前大学教育的跨国性已经超出了传统大学教育国际化的范畴。传统大学教育国际化是以学生和教师的流动为主，而目前的大学教育国际化体现为大学与大学之间的交流与合作。环太平洋大学联盟成员大学如何看待国际化问题，如何实施国际化，国际化的新趋势是什么是本文论述的焦点。     

Globalizing higher education through internationalization and multiculturalism: The case of Indonesia

As part of the efforts to globalize higher education in Indonesia, internationalization and multiculturalism are two globalization behaviors that have been promoted across higher education institutions. This study investigated both these behaviors through a qualitative case study analysis of four state universities in the country. The authors found that firstly, the autonomy of state higher education institutions played a significant role for the implementation of internationalization programs which is related not only to the flexibility in designing international programs, opening study programs, or recruiting foreign lecturers, but also to the budget amount allocations by the government. Secondly, in developing multiculturalism serious considerations on the cultural stance of the institution and the unique ideology of that institution needs to be undertaken and integrated with the national ideology. Thirdly, the role of the government in making policies and encouraging state higher education institutions to be more autonomous is essential to advance higher education in internationalization and multiculturalism.     

全球化与高等教育的国际责任

随着经济全球化不断深入,高等教育国际化既是民族国家不可回避的现实,也是高等教育机构应对的策略。在回应国际化挑战的过程中,高等教育系统必须用全球化思维来统观发展方向,更加负责地参与国际化进程,充分考虑到教育质量是持续发展的重要保障。     

从全球视角看国际医学教育及其未来方向

国际化是当今高等教育最重要的焦点,为医学院校带来了强有力的挑战和机遇.本文从全球视角分析高等教育尤其是医学教育国际化的内涵及其驱动因素,相信在新的教育技术和教学手段的促进下,未来的医学教育将转向跨国整合型、多校合作的教育模式.