Ｗeb检索与联机检索

介绍了部分专业检索人员对Ｗeb检索与联机检索的看法、以及一项善于联机与Ｗeb搜索引擎两者检索效果的对比笥研究，鉴于目前大量传统的收费情报可通过Ｗeb免费获取，作者着重讨论了如何在Ｗeb上免费检索各类传统情报，并指出Ｗeb免费检索传统情报对联机检索带来的冲击。     

书目分类导航系统的快速实现

在联机书目检索系统中,面对分类检索功能日趋弱化的现状,指出“提问式”分类号检索模式限制着分类法检索功能的发挥,分类检索必须从“提问式”向“浏览式”转变。在此基础上,结合用户联机检索特点,设计出基于《中国图书馆分类法》树型结构的书目分类导航系统,并详细描述系统的功能、体系结构、开发技术和实现方法。     

数字出版网络影响因子研究

网络影响因子是某一时刻链接到网络上某一特定网站或区域的网页数与这一网站或区域本身所包含的网页数的比值,可以用于对期刊网站进行评价.搜索引擎有AltaVista、Fast、Coogle.通过开发专业搜索引擎来完善网络影响因子的计算.     

User attitudes toward end-user literature searching

A survey to determine attitudes toward end-user searching was made at Loyola University's Medical Center Library using MEDIS, an online full-text and bibliographic medical retrieval system. One hundred forty-one completed questionnaires were analyzed for this report. Information was collected on user familiarity with computers, end-user training, system use, mechanics of searching, and attitudes toward future use. Computer familiarity was highest among the faculty users. Ninety percent of the respondents saw librarians as a crucial agent in training and in providing end-user assistance. Respondents identified five major reasons for using the system: helpfulness, convenience, time savings, rapid feedback, and presentation of needed information. Searching the MEDLINE database rather than the full-text database was the search method of choice. Continued use of both mediated and end-user searching was intended by most of the respondents. Survey results support a perceived need for end-user searching and confirmed recommendations of the Association of American Medical Colleges on medical information science skills.     

Foundations of Database Searching: Integrating Evidence-Based Medicine into the Medical Curriculum

Library integration into the medical school curriculum is a crucial aspect of meeting Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) Accreditation Standards and the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Medical School Objectives Project (MSOP) guidelines. To accomplish this, academic health sciences libraries seek to develop evidence-based medicine (EBM) literature searching classes within the medical school curriculum. Establishing a basic understanding of the fundamental concepts behind health sciences database searching among medical students is a prerequisite for a more demanding evidence-based literature searching curriculum. The George T. Harrell Health Sciences Library, Penn State College of Medicine, sought to incorporate an evidence-based medicine literature searching structure by working within the existing problem-based learning system during the preclinical years. Students in the clinical years will participate in evidence-based assignments during their rotations. A fourth-year EBM elective will be created to reinforce and round out students' exposure to these concepts.     

In‐house peer supported literature search training: a public health perspective

Public Health England plays a vital role in ensuring the health of the nation. The Knowledge and Library Service (KLS) is a key part of the organisation's evidence supply chain. KLS staff handle over 200 requests for literature searches per annum, and this number is increasing exponentially year on year. Searches are often complex and require specialist public health knowledge to complete effectively. Library staff who are new to the area of public health require support and training. In this article, Anh Tran, Knowledge and Evidence Specialist for Public Health England, discusses a peer supported literature search training course that has been developed in‐house for the benefit of new library staff, and to increase the Knowledge and Library Service's literature searching capacity at Public Health England. H. S.     

《中文工具书参考咨询系统》及其实际应用

本文介绍了我国最大的中文工具书知识数据库《中文工具书参考咨询系统》的特点和功能及其在广东省中山图书馆的成功应用。     

Combining History of Medicine and Library Instruction: An Innovative Approach to Teaching Database Searching to Medical Students

Library faculty members at the Health Sciences Library at the LSU Health Shreveport campus offer a database searching class for third-year medical students during their surgery rotation. For a number of years, students completed “ten-minute clinical challenges,” but the instructors decided to replace the clinical challenges with innovative exercises using The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus to emphasize concepts learned. The Surgical Papyrus is an online resource that is part of the National Library of Medicine's “Turning the Pages” digital initiative. In addition, vintage surgical instruments and historic books are displayed in the classroom to enhance the learning experience.     

中小型高校图书馆特色资源建设实践

论文着重讨论了中小型高校图书馆特色资源建设这一问题,结合沈阳工程学院图书馆特色资源建设的经验,探讨基于“馆藏再揭示＋数据库挖掘＋网络遴选”的中小型高校图书馆特色资源建设举措,旨在为中小型高校图书馆此项工作的开展提供了一些参考.     

State of the art of expert searching: results of a Medical Library Association survey.

OBJECTIVES: Medical Library Association (MLA) members were surveyed to gather background about the current state of expert searching in institutions. The survey results were intended to guide the recommendations of the Task Force on Expert Searching for promoting the importance of expert searching and implementing those recommendations. METHODS: MLA members were surveyed, and data obtained from the survey were compiled and analyzed to answer three general questions: what is the perceived value of searching skills to the institution, how do health sciences librarians maintain and improve their searching skills, and how are searching services promoted and/or mandated in the institution. RESULTS: There were 256 responses to the survey. Over 95% of the respondents saw their expert-searching skills were of value to their institutions, primarily through performing mediated searches and search consultations. Over 83% of the respondents believed that their searching skills had improved over the past 10 years. Most indicated that continued training was very important in maintaining and improving their skills. Respondents promoted searching services most frequently through orientations, brochures, and the libraries' Web pages. No respondent's institution mandated expert searching. Less than 2% of respondents' institutions had best practice guidelines related to expert searching, and only about 8% had guidelines or policies that identified situations where expert searching was recommended. CONCLUSIONS: The survey supports the belief that health sciences librarians still play a valuable role in searching, particularly in answering questions about treatment options and in providing education. It also highlights the need for more expert searching courses. There has been minimal discussion about the perceived need for expert-searching guidelines in the institutions represented by survey respondents.     

To Google or Not to Google,That Is the Question: Supplementing Google Book Search to Make It More Useful for Scholarship

ABSTRACT

This article looks at two different projects, the Google Book Search project and the Text Creation Partnership, both linked to the University of Michigan Library. Though on the surface they are very different, the Text Creation Partnership, a model of cooperation between scholars, librarians, and publishers, may have some useful lessons for how to make Google Book Search more useful for academic research, particularly in full-text searching.     

联机信息检索和网络信息检索的共存发展

论述传统的联机信息检索和基于Internet的网络信息检索的异同,分析比较联机检索和网络检索的优缺点,并指出它们今后的发展方向。     

Thomas Mann's Contributions to Current Library Debates on Cataloging and Bibliographic Control

This article examines the writing of Thomas Mann, Reference Librarian at the Library of Congress, regarding the enduring value of traditional methods and tools of research libraries, particularly online public catalogs, professional cataloging, and Library of Congress Subject Headings and pre-coordinated subject strings. One major contention asserted by Mann is that keyword searching on the Internet, while very valuable when used judiciously, should not be used as a substitute for traditional catalogs and cataloging. Also examined are the deprofessionalization of cataloging, inadequate ideas about library users, dangers to serious research, digitization, and the enduring value of books.     

关于自然语言检索问题

自然语言检索当前仅在关键词检索的层次上已经实现，重点分析了全文检索所适应和不适应的检索要求及其评价，用分析说明了当前关于自然语言检索的主流观点的不切实际，指出自然语言检索的发展方向是与情报检索语言结合和融合。     

The decisions and processes involved in a systematic search strategy: a hierarchical framework

Objective:The decisions and processes that may compose a systematic search strategy have not been formally identified and categorized. This study aimed to (1) identify all decisions that could be made and processes that could be used in a systematic search strategy and (2) create a hierarchical framework of those decisions and processes.Methods:The literature was searched for documents or guides on conducting a literature search for a systematic review or other evidence synthesis. The decisions or processes for locating studies were extracted from eligible documents and categorized into a structured hierarchical framework. Feedback from experts was sought to revise the framework. The framework was revised iteratively and tested using recently published literature on systematic searching.Results:Guidance documents were identified from expert organizations and a search of the literature and Internet. Data were extracted from 74 eligible documents to form the initial framework. The framework was revised based on feedback from 9 search experts and further review and testing by the authors. The hierarchical framework consists of 119 decisions or processes sorted into 17 categories and arranged under 5 topics. These topics are “Skill of the searcher,” “Selecting information to identify,” “Searching the literature electronically,” “Other ways to identify studies,” and “Updating the systematic review.”Conclusions:The work identifies and classifies the decisions and processes used in systematic searching. Future work can now focus on assessing and prioritizing research on the best methods for successfully identifying all eligible studies for a systematic review.     

主题检索在网络环境下的角色

论文分析了自然语言检索的弊端和主题检索在网络环境下的地位和作用。指出了主题检索语言应走与自然语言相结合的道路，成为高层次搜索引擎的重要角色。     

基于网络互动问答平台的信息检索模式构建

对网络互动问答平台进行了介绍,构建了一个基于网络互动问答平台的信息检索模式。该模式阐释了网络用户信息查寻行为的一般过程,对于互动问答平台上用户的信息查寻行为进行了序化和梳理。     

美国两大法律数据库检索技术与功能比较分析

Lexis.com和Westlaw International是美国两个著名的法律数据库,其文献收录覆盖范围广、文献类型多样、检索技术复杂,从内容到功能上十分类似。对两者收录内容、检索方式、检索技术、检索功能等进行比较和分析,可使用户对其结构和检索技巧有更深刻的了解,方便学习者和研究者有效利用这两大法律数据库。     

美国两大法律数据库检索技术与功能比较分析

Lexis.com和Westlaw International是美国两个著名的法律数据库,其文献收录覆盖范围广、文献类型多样、检索技术复杂,从内容到功能上十分类似。对两者收录内容、检索方式、检索技术、检索功能等进行比较和分析,可使用户对其结构和检索技巧有更深刻的了解,方便学习者和研究者有效利用这两大法律数据库。     

基于搜索引擎的数字图书馆智能信息检索

智能信息检索的实质和发展方向，是智能搜索引擎技术的不断改进和广泛应用。以智能搜索引擎为中心构建数字图书馆的个性化服务系统，是数字图书馆信息检索的现实需要和大势所趋。文章论述了当前搜索引擎存在的不足及智能搜索引擎的优越性，概述了智能信息检索及其主要解决方案，探讨了智能搜索引擎在数字图书馆个性化服务中的应用。