Digital preservation: challenges and implementation

The research of the future requires access to the research of the past. This access cannot be assured without reliable long‐term preservation of scholarly digital content. Near‐term access can be guaranteed with backup and access system redundancy. Mid‐term access can be protected with byte replication. But assurance of long‐term access requires digital preservation – the series of management policies and activities necessary to ensure the enduring usability, authenticity, discoverability, and accessibility of content over the very long term. Portico, with a mission to preserve scholarly digital content, is one organization providing such long‐term digital preservation.     

Promoting U.S. census data in an academic environment: opportunities and challenges.

"The library at Montana State University, Bozeman...has undertaken structured efforts to promote wider use of census data [in CD-ROM format] among the university community. Several workshops and instructional sessions are described...[and] handouts for some sessions are included. These...activities are described in the context of budgetary and service issues faced by libraries providing access to census data in electronic formats....The success of these efforts is assessed, and libraries' response to new expectations for service is also discussed."     

Information technologies: challenges and opportunities for local governments

Information technology (IT) applications in local government have been mostly used to advance the technical capacity of localities in delivering public services. As decision making responsibility moves from the U.S. federal government to local governments, academic researchers should address the need for developing intuitive decision support systems (DSS) for government managers and senior decision makers. The task-specific models of Web-based information systems (IS) discussed in this study can help local government managers capture information in multimedia format and facilitate information sharing between their department and other agencies without dependency on specific platforms, time differences, or locations in a cost-effective manner. Consequently, research should be encouraged to develop methods that respond to questions of training in the new IS environment and to provide solutions to facilitate service and system integration despite the environmental and political complexity surrounding local governments.     

学术期刊与新媒体的融合:机遇·挑战·对策

分析媒体融合背景下学术期刊面临的机遇和挑战,并探讨学术期刊在媒体融合时代的发展对策.认为组建学术期刊新媒体产业联盟是学术期刊在媒体融合时代发展的一条新思路.还探讨学术期刊新媒体产业联盟的组成要素、运行特点以及组建的影响因素.     

Engaging in research: challenges and opportunities for health library and information professionals

This year's virtual issue (the 6th in the series) has been published to coincide with the European Association for Health Information and Libraries’ (EAHIL) 2015 workshop (10–12 June, Edinburgh): Research‐Minded: Understanding, Supporting, Conducting Research. This event is being run in collaboration with the International Conference of Animal Health Information Specialists and the International Clinical Librarian Conference. Although research has always been a central part of any librarian's role, until recently health librarians and library users and funding bodies assumed that librarians were ‘midwives’ – there to assist students, clinicians, academics and managers set up and carry out their research. The notion of the librarian as a professional with a research agenda, who understands research methods, submits research grants, and publishes, is a relatively new perspective. If librarians are to take an evidence‐based approach to their profession they need to acquire research skills. This is the rationale for the 2015 EAHIL workshop. To support the workshop, this virtual issue contains six original articles published in Health Information and Libraries Journal over the last 2 years that demonstrate the range of research activities carried out by health librarians, as well as a review article and articles from each of the three feature columns. All articles included in this virtual issue are available free online.     

从“机遇大于挑战”说开去

从本期起 ,本刊特辟“专家论坛”栏目 ,旨在针对目前我国图书、情报、信息领域中的一些热点问题 ,请有关专家表达自己的真知灼见     

Informationist programme in support of biomedical research: a programme description and preliminary findings of an evaluation

BACKGROUND: The informationist programme at the Library of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, MD, USA has grown to 14 informationists working with 40 clinical and basic science research teams. PURPOSE: This case report, intended to contribute to the literature on informationist programmes, describes the NIH informationist programme, including implementation experiences, the informationists' training programme, their job responsibilities and programme outcomes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION: The NIH informationist programme was designed to enhance the library's service capacity. Over time, the steps for introducing the service to new groups were formalized to ensure support by leadership, the team being served and the library. Job responsibilities also evolved from traditional library roles to a wide range of knowledge management activities. The commitment by the informationist, the team and the library to continuous learning is critical to the programme's success. RESULTS / OUTCOMES: NIH scientists reported that informationists saved them time and contributed to teamwork with expert searching and point-of-need instruction. Process evaluation helped refine the programme. EVALUATION METHOD: High-level, preliminary outcomes were identified from a survey of scientists receiving informationist services, along with key informant interviews. Process evaluation examined service implementation, informationists' training and service components. Anecdotal evidence has also indicated a favourable response to the programme.     

中国英文版科技期刊面临的机遇与挑战

从我国科学技术发展水平和我国英文版科技期刊的现状及作用出发,阐述我国英文版科技期刊面临的发展机遇与挑战,并认为我们应抓住机遇,迎接挑战,采取有力措施,加快发展我国英文版科技期刊.     

科技期刊产业化初探

在阐述了科技期刊产业化的内涵之后 ,分析了科技期刊在知识传播体系中的优势 ,从提高科技期刊质量的角度重点讨论了以建立科技期刊在知识创新体系中的中心地位为主要内容的科技期刊产业化 ,提出当前我国科技期刊产业化过程的市场化和规模化问题及对策     

档案学研究方法新理念——方法互补

本文对有互补性的方法进行比较 ,提出档案学研究中4种互补的方法 ,即机械观与系统观的互补、经验方法与理论方法的互补、实证方法与思辩方法的互补、定性方法与定量方法的互补     

The leading role of the government CIO at the local level: Strategic opportunities and challenges

Current managerial practices and social trends are incentivizing an increase in citizen participation and government operational transparency and accountability. As a consequence, small to medium size cities have new opportunities for delivering services to their citizens in a more effective and efficient manner. However, in many cases, the technology capabilities of these cities and their IT staffing are not adequate. Starting at the top, most small-to-medium size cities do not have a Chief Information Officer (CIO). Instead, they have appointed officials with a wide variety of titles ranging from IT Director, IS Manager to IT Specialist among others. These officials face the problem of building operational capabilities at the same time that they develop a strategic vision for their organizations. In this paper, we look at the perceptions of local-level officials responsible for the operation of IT across New York State, about their own role and challenges in this transition from an operational to a strategic focus. Our results suggest that giving IT leadership a broader role and higher responsibilities could result in value for both government and citizens.     

Intro to Archival Science: Developing an Undergraduate Archival Elective Outside of a LIS Program

Abstract

This case study describes the development and implementation of a three-credit undergraduate archival science course at Mount St. Mary’s University. Offered through the university’s Department of History, this course was designed to prepare students for positions in archives-related careers, unlike most research-based undergraduate archival electives. Benefits of the course to both students and the archivist profession will be discussed.     

Big and open linked data analytics ecosystem: Theoretical background and essential elements

Big and open linked data are often mentioned together because storing, processing, and publishing large amounts of these data play an increasingly important role in today's society. However, although this topic is described from the political, economic, and social points of view, a technical dimension, which is represented by big data analytics, is insufficient. The aim of this review article was to provide a theoretical background of big and open linked data analytics ecosystem and its essential elements. First, the key terms were introduced including related dimensions. Then, the key lifecycle phases were defined and involved stakeholders were identified. Finally, a conceptual framework was proposed. In contrast to previous research, the new ecosystem is formed by interactions of stakeholders in the following dimensions and their sub-dimensions: transparency, engagement, legal, technical, social, and economic. These relationships are characterized by the most important requisites and public policy choices affecting the data analytics ecosystem together with the key phases and activities of the data analytics lifecycle. The findings should contribute to relevant initiatives, strategies, and policies and their effective implementation.     

Social Networks and Archival Context: From Project to Cooperative Archival Program

This article highlights the objectives and outcomes of the multi-year Social Networks and Archival Context (SNAC) research and demonstration project and discusses related developments to establish a large-scale sustainable cooperative for maintaining information about creators of archival collections, leveraging the Encoded Archival Context—Corporate Bodies, Persons, and Families (EAC-CPF) standard. The article discusses processes developed to derive EAC-CPF records from existing EAD finding aids, MARCXML records, and original authority records, enrichment of those records from other sources, and the creation of a prototype research resource, providing integrated access to dispersed archival collections and the social-historical context of the collections.     

从统计数字看档案继续教育

人是事业之本。档案事业的发展客观上需要建设一支高素质的档案干部队伍。档案干部整体素质的提高一靠引入高素质的人才,以优化干部队伍结构,二靠提高在职人员的素质。从档案干部队伍的现状来看,提高在职人员的素质是从根本上提高干部队伍整体素质的关键。解决这一问题...