ECA Agent系统研究

ECA规则是主动数据库实现其主动性功能的重要机制,Agent技术的不断发展为主动数据库系统的分析、设计和实现提供了一个崭新的途径。对Agent技术引入ECA规则进行了研究,提出了ECA Agent系统的概念,并对ECA Agent系统的结构框架和各模块的功能以及它们之间的交互进行了探讨。     

基于ECA规则的分布式工作流模型

随着市场竞争的日益激烈,企业必须能够对其业务过程进行快速的重组,工作流技术受到了广泛的重视和研究,为实现企业的经营目标提供先进的手段。文章讨论了ECA规则的形式化模式、ECA事件检测机制。同时结合J2EE、Web Service和ECA规则构建一个实用的分布式工作流管理系统。     

基于关系型主动数据库的模型及实现途径

介绍了主动数据库系统的模型、ECA规则和事件模型及实现途径,并讨论了在关系模式下主动数据库系统的基本监测框架和事件机制的优化策略。     

基于ECA规则的动态工作流建模方法研究

现代企业流程所固有的多变性和灵活性,凸显了工作流在处理动态不确定因素方面的不足。针对这一情况,提出了一种基于ECA（event—condition—action）规则和活动选取一组合规则的动态工作流模型。该模型采用柔性活动对流程中的不确定因素进行了封装,用活动选取一组合规则来约束柔性活动的具体化过程,并设计了一种高效的活动自动选取一组合算法,来实现柔性活动的具体化。     

业务学习中的自信与快乐

目的 探讨ECA透皮剂防护血吸虫感染的效果。方法 以10％DMSO作溶剂配置不同浓度的ECA透皮剂，涂于小鼠腹部．待干、泥浆摩擦后感染血吸虫尾蚴。观察防护作用。结果3％ECA透皮剂涂肤。100％抵抗血吸虫感染；1％、0．5％ECA透皮剂防护率分别达96．91％、93．62％。药物对皮肤无明显刺激。结论 ECA透皮剂涂肤有防护日本血吸虫感染的作用。     

基于概率分布的规则信息熵的描述

给出信息系统的定义,在此基础上描述了基于概率分布的规则的信息熵,讨论了规则信息熵的相关性质;并利用规则信息熵对规则进行了分类、评价,从而为建立合理的信息系统提供了一种有效的判定方法．     

关联规则算法综述

介绍了关联规则的概念及挖掘的过程,以Apriori算法为例,阐明了算法思想及其优化方法,描述了关联规则在社会生活领域的应用。     

基于SQL Server的主动数据库模式研究

SQL Server作为一个关系数据库管理系统正在被越来越多的商业组织所使用,但SQL Server仍然是被动的数据库管理系统、该文将主动数据库的ECA规则集成到SQL Server中,提出基于SQL Server的主动数据库模式,能够提高SQL Server功能,扩大SQL Server应用领域．根据SQL Server数据处理过程,分析SQL Server的主动数据库特征,并对比主动数据库体系结构给出基于SQL Server主动数据库体系结构,最后结合一个实例说明基于SQL Server的主动数据库的数据处理过程．     

例谈三角形全等的证题

三角形全等的证明是几何证题中的重要内容.证三角形全等,可用来证明两线段相等,两角相等,两直线垂直等等.如何准确、迅速地探求出从已知条件到达求证结论的证明途径呢?下面通过实例来谈谈探求证明途径的基本思路.例1已知:如图1,A、B、C三点在一条直线上,△ACD和△BCE都是等边三角形.求证:AE=DB.分析从△ACD是等边三角形,可得AC=DC,∠BCD=60°,同理,EC=BC,∠ECA=60°.欲证AE=DB,只需图1证△BCD≌△ECA.证明∵△ACD是等边三角形,∴AC=DC,∠BCD=60°.同理,EC=BC,∠ECA=60°.在△ECA和△BCD中,∵AC=DC,∠ECA=∠BC…     

等韵学基本规则——内外转

本文使用数学方法论证了韵图是韵字系统和规则系统共同组成的系统。规则系统可以用直乘积的形式描述出来。直乘积形式符合汉语音节结构特点。内外转对汉语音节结构从韵腹元音高低分布的角度作了描述 ,韵腹元音是高元音的情况下属内转 ,韵腹元音是低元音的情况下属外转。内外转是一个基本规则 ,这一规则可以实现对摄、小韵描述的一贯性 ,能够对韵字的分布作出合理的解释。它具有简单性 ,可以和梵语麽多的分类相媲美 ,可以对韵图系统作出音理的描述。它是汉语音节结构的音理公因式 ,又是最小的对子 ,它构成了韵图的枢纽。这一理论比以往关于内外转理论有更强的概括力和解释力。     

Do extra-curricular activities in schools improve educational outcomes? A critical review and meta-analysis of the literature

Secondary schools tend to sponsor a large number of extra-curricular activities (ECA) yet little is known about their contribution to students’ educational outcomes. This meta-analysis aims to determine what it is about ECA participation that supports positive educational outcomes. Furthermore, this study challenges the theoretical assumptions about the benefits of participation in ECA. 29 studies (all except for one based on data collected in the United States) met the search criteria for inclusion in the analysis. Most effect sizes on academic achievements yielded from non-specific ECA, academic clubs and journalism were small, as were participation in performing arts, sports and leadership activities on a range of educational outcomes. Although the results show associations between participation in ECA and educational outcomes, causal effects could not be confirmed. It is concluded that the lack of evidence supporting the causal effects, and thus the common theoretical assumptions about the effects of ECA on educational outcomes, is due to methodology limitations in these studies.     

The Perspectives of Women and Their Health-Care Providers Regarding Using an ECA to Support Mode of Birth Decisions

This study used focus groups to assess the feasibility and acceptability of adapting an Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) to support decision-making about mode of birth after previous cesarean. Twelve women with previous cesareans, and eight prenatal providers at an academic, tertiary-care medical center, viewed a prototype ECA and were asked to share feedback on the potential role in helping women prepare for decision-making. Both groups felt that although it was somewhat “robot-like,” the ECA could provide easy access to information for patients and could augment the visit with providers. Future work is needed to improve ECA visual appeal and clarify the role and timing for utilization of decision aids using ECA technology to enhance the shared decision-making process.     

对大学英语课堂焦虑与英语成绩的关系问题的回答

作为情感因素之一的英语课堂焦虑对二语学习有着重要影响,该文首先对课堂焦虑与语言学习的关系做了简要的综述,采用英语课堂焦虑量表对大学生的课堂焦虑程度进行了调查,从宏观到局部,用相关分析、描述统计、回归分析法等来回答三个问题,即：二者是否呈显著负相关关系,这种关系是否具有绝对性,二者可否相互预测。最后笔者基于以上问题提出了相应的教学对策。     

An Item‐Level Expected Classification Accuracy and Its Applications in Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment

Most of the existing classification accuracy indices of attribute patterns lose effectiveness when the response data is absent in diagnostic testing. To handle this issue, this article proposes new indices to predict the correct classification rate of a diagnostic test before administering the test under the deterministic noise input “and” gate (DINA) model. The new indices include an item‐level expected classification accuracy (ECA) for attributes and a test‐level ECA for attributes and attribute patterns, and both of them are calculated based solely on the known item parameters and Q ‐matrix. Theoretical analysis showed that the item‐level ECA could be regarded as a measure of correct classification rates of attributes contributed by an item. This article also illustrates how to apply the item‐level ECA for attributes to estimate the correct classification rate of attributes patterns at the test level. Simulation results showed that two test‐level ECA indices, ECA_I_W (an index based on the independence assumption and the weighted sum of the item‐level ECAs) and ECA_C_M (an index based on Gaussian Copula function that incorporates the dependence structure of the events of attribute classification and the simple average of the item‐level ECAs), could make an accurate prediction for correct classification rates of attribute patterns.     

Early career academics learning the game in Whackademia

The initial years as an early career academic (ECA) are challenging times as those new to the academy attempt to balance the three aspects of their role: teaching, research and service, while also coming to terms with both overt and hidden expectations. Formal mentoring arrangements for ECAs are threatened by competing demands on time. Additionally, they may not fully support the needs of ECAs as they can be more closely aligned to university needs than those of the ECA. The purpose of this paper is to open conversations about ECAs finding ways to develop agency. We use a reflective inquiry approach to identify and respond to the ideological and hegemonic influences on the experiences of ECAs. We also promote self-sustaining peer support and informal mentoring from more senior staff as complementary forms of professional learning.     

Extra-curriculum Activity Groups in English Learning

Among the various extra-curriculum activities,which are indispensable for English teaching,Extra-curriculum Activity(ECA) group studies are of great value in English learning.     

Staff conceptions of curricular and extracurricular activities in higher education

This paper explores conceptions of curricular and extracurricular in UK higher education. Reporting on a case study of staff understandings of the extracurricular we argue that our data highlight the lack of debate about curricular matters. We found that there was considerable blurring of boundaries in conceptions of the curricular and extracurricular and argue that this is related to the lack of any stable or explicit conception of the curriculum in UK higher education. The paper highlights issues of recognition and non-recognition of the sorts of cultural capital which flow from traditional and other forms of extracurricular activities (ECA) and points to the continued gendering of caring and its valuing. Recognition of capital from within diverse communities and derived from activities which have not been traditionally conceptualised as ECA might contribute to graduate outcomes, but there are limitations to a politics of recognition. We argue that account also needs to be taken of the materiality of student lives and the constraints they face.