论现代师生关系中的"师道尊严"与民主、平等

良好的师生关系是推动教育水平不断提高的重要因素。建立和谐、民主、平等的新型师生关系是当今教育改革的重点。在师生关系中“师道尊严”与民主、平等是否矛盾,两者是否有联系,是一个值得深入探讨的课题。     

再思"师道尊严"

关于构建新的教育者形象、构建新型师生关系等问题在当代中国已经引发了社会各界的讨论热潮."师道尊严"作为传统文化的精髓所在,在讨论中或为人所推崇,或为人所抨击.为避免认识的表面化和狭隘化,对"师道尊严"形成较为深入的理解,本文从剖析词义入手,进而分析"师道尊严"的产生原因及功能,最后对于围绕该词的种种曲解加以辩析.     

小议“师生平等”和“师道尊严”

现代教学理念高唱“师生平等”之歌,阔步迈向各大中小学校园,成为各校一道亮丽的风景。辛勤培育祖国花朵的园丁蹲身下来浇水施肥,花朵们嘻嘻哈哈与园丁们打成一片,欢快地尽情地汲取所需。可谓风景这边独好!正当大家沐浴着春风、其乐融融之时,却又有人呼吁：“师道尊严哪里去了？”“师生平等”与“师道尊严”不可以并存吗？何以要呼吁呢？现浅析如下——     

朱熹对董仲舒"正其谊不谋其利"内涵的阐释

朱熹推崇董仲舒“正其谊不谋其利,明其道不计其功”,既讲“正其谊,则利自在;明其道,则功自在”,又讲“无欲利之私心”,既就心性而言“仁义未尝不利”,又就现实而言“仁义未必皆利”,既反对把义与利对立起来,又反对把利与义混为一谈,对后世影响很大。但是,董仲舒所言以及朱熹的推崇多被误解为把义与利对立起来而否定功利。康有为赞同董仲舒“正其谊不谋其利,明其道不计其功”,并进一步提出“取利而和,则谓之义”,超越了朱熹,但仍需作更为深入的理论贯通和阐释。     

在现代视觉下认识"师道尊严"

教育改革不断推进,在以和谐为基调的社会背景下,师生关系也不断地发展和调整,教师在教育中的地位和作用也不断地变化和提升.文章认为,在现代教育理念下坚持师道尊严不仅无碍和谐的师生关系,而且是健康师生关系的基础.同时,适当坚持师道尊严,也是教育的要求.     

对"师道尊严"的再认识

“师道尊严”，是传统文化赋予我们的教育理念。文章提出“师道尊严”包含了“师德”、“师尊”、“师威”三个基本要素，而“师威”一直是人们质疑“师道尊严”的集中点。文章分析了“师道”要不要威严，能不能敬畏，指出“师道尊严”中所蕴含的传统伦理价值观依然具有积极的现实意义。     

由"师道尊严"谈创新教育

我国传统教育历来有“师道尊严”的观念,其主要的负面影响在于学生往往缺乏勇于创新的精神和崇尚真理的品格。知识经济及信息时代的来临,要求我们必须给“师道尊严”注入新的内容,赋予“师道尊严”新的内涵。只有打破传统的“师道尊严”的壁垒,才能实践创新教育。     

教育者的形象与师道尊严

作为受过教育的人之教师形象,往往表现为知识的占有者与代言人、道德的化身、社会要求的代表三重角色,由此而导致师生人格的不平等。师道尊严进一步强化了教师的权力控制。教师权力表达在话语中。权力之中孕育着尊严之下的腐败。传统的师道尊严的根基是君之道,是强大的封建伦常文化,是强大的成人世界。这种尊严实际上构成了对儿童生命尊严的压抑。社会的变革要求师道尊严的变更,我们应努力摒却外加的先在性尊严,积极追求建立在自身真实人格、智慧、理想、精神、态度之上的内在尊严。     

师生关系新走向:双向式"师道尊严"

教师地位、角色应该受到专业尊重与为人、治学严谨是“师道尊严”的合理内核。现代教育需要民主、平等,也需要“师道尊严”。双向式“师道尊严”是现代师生关系新走向,具有尊重、沟通、分权等特性,可称为“第三种结构”或“第三条道路”。     

谈“师道尊严”与素质教育

在探索和实践教育创新的当下,我国传统教育提倡的“师道尊严”的不利影响逐渐凸显:将教师置于至高位置,而忽视了学生的主体地位;严重扼杀了学生的个性发展;严重禁锢了学生的创新思维。论文提出需要冲破师道尊严的负面束缚,并提倡树立平等教学观点,促进素质教育深入发展。从明确老师在素质教育中的地位和作用,提高教师自身的创新素质,教师要蹲下身子、放下权威,树立与学生平等交流的意识等四个方面对问题的解决思路进行了探讨。     

师道辨析

师道是我国历史形成的概念,在职业社会形成以前与职业社会形成以后,师道的含义有别。师道与师德是不同的概念,师德就其本义来说,代替不了师道。     

The teaching profession against the background of educationalisation: an exploratory study

This article focuses on the teaching profession against the background of educationalisation in the Netherlands in the sense that Dutch schools are increasingly regarded as focal points at which to address and solve social issues. Our research project concentrated on the extent to which teachers, being key figures in the school organisation, understand their role as one that embraces a social in addition to an educational mission. It explores teachers’ professional identity and their awareness, task perception and self-efficacy with respect to performing a social mission. The results show that ‘addressing social issues’ can be identified as a dimension of teachers’ professional identity. However, teachers report low self-efficacy as regards carrying out social tasks, irrespective of their task perception and awareness. The phenomenon of educationalisation is occurring in other Western European countries and in the US. The results of this exploratory study raise questions about the feasibility of educationalising social problems.     

The global teaching profession: how treating teachers as knowledge workers improves the esteem of the teaching profession

To better understand the status of the teaching profession, we present a conceptual framework outlining the 4 domains of knowledge-worker professionals: professional benchmarks, professional discretion, room for promotion, and workplace conditions and use the TALIS 2013 survey data to show that these domains exist globally and vary within countries. Across more than 30 school systems, we address the question: To what extent does the level and type of professionalism afforded to individual teachers shape their perceptions of the esteem of their profession? The strongest domain traits that correlate with feeling valued as a teacher are teachers’ satisfaction with their working conditions, involvement in school decision making, and the chance to be recognized for good work. This framework shapes an actionable set of concepts that policymakers can use to address attraction and retention to the profession system-wide and that school leaders can use to improve working conditions in their own schools.     

Teacher education and the choice to enter the teaching profession: A prospective study

This two-wave survey study aimed at testing a hypothetical model of teacher education graduates’ decisions about whether or not to take a teaching position upon graduation. The model focuses on the relationship between teacher education and graduates’ choice on job entrance. Using path analysis and logistic regression, this model was tested in a sample of student teachers (n = 436), subsequently graduates (n = 251) of teacher training for secondary education. The results validate the relationship between teacher education variables and nearly graduates’ intention to enter the teaching profession. Furthermore, this intention proves an imperative predictor of graduates’ actual entrance.     

Final thesis models in European teacher education and their orientation towards the academy and the teaching profession

This study concerns different final thesis models in the research on teacher education in Europe and their orientation towards the academy and the teaching profession. In scientific journals, 33 articles support the occurrence of three models: the portfolio model, with a mainly teaching-professional orientation; the thesis model, with a mainly academic orientation; and the action research model, related to both orientations. All models had some relationship with both orientations. The study discusses these findings, the different models’ possibilities to integrate both major orientations as well as how a final thesis can be used to integrate theory and practice in higher education programmes.     

教师工作专业化:理念与行动

教师工作专业化是当前世界师范教育改革和发展中所面临的核心问题。为保证教师具有较高的专业认同感、专业自主性和持续的专业成长 ,需构建教师专业知识基础、发展专业技能和专业情感。我国高等师范教育 ,应以专业化为导向 ,通过将科研引入教学过程、整合课程结构和强化实习工作等举措来深化教学改革     

影响师范生从业意志相关因素分析及差异比较

采用自编“教师职业态度调查问卷”对陕西省高等师范院校500名学生进行测查．发现师范大学生教师职业态度的总体趋势是好的,但同时存在“高情感-高认知-低意志”的不和谐状况．大部分师范生把自身个性是否符合当教师、家人是否支持以及能否从教学活动中获得较高自我实现感排在影响从业意志相关因素首位．     

民族院校师德建设的现状及其对策

民族院校是我国教育特殊而重要的组成部分,师德是提升民族院校办学质量和效益的关键。民族院校师德建设是民族地区政治、社会稳定的内在要求,是传承优秀文化的重要要求,是民族地区经济发展的迫切要求。当前民族院校师德存在的问题主要有政治观念淡漠、教师职业行为失准、对学生缺乏爱心、教学责任心下降、教书育人意识比较淡薄、为人师表的模范表率作用有待强化、治学态度不够严谨等。民族院校加强师德教育是关键,完善师德建设的制度保障是重点,健全师德评价体系是难点。     

关于法学专业实践教学模式的探讨与思考

文章通过对法学专业实践教学模式现状的分析,提出了构建法学专业实践教学模式的思路及其实施办法。